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製作

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: 制作

Chinese

		manufacture	to regard as; to take (someone) for; to do to regard as; to take (someone) for; to do; to make
trad. (製作)		製	作
simp. (制作)		制	作

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhìzuò

(Zhuyin): ㄓˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zai³ zok³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳ-chok
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chè-chok / chì-chok

(Teochew, Peng'im): zi³ zag⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhìzuò
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhzuò
  - Wade–Giles: chih⁴-tso⁴
  - Yale: jr̀-dzwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhtzuoh
  - Palladius: чжицзо (čžiczo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zai³ zok³
  - Yale: jai jok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzai³ dzok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: zei³ zog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sɔːk̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ-chok
  - Hakka Romanization System: zii zog^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zi⁴ zog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ⁵⁵ t͡sok̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè-chok
  - Tâi-lô: tsè-tsok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zeazog
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chì-chok
  - Tâi-lô: tsì-tsok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciezog
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zi³ zag⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsì tsak
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sak̚²/

Verb

製作

(transitive) to make; to manufacture; to fabricate
to write; to compose

Synonyms

(to make): 造作 (zàozuò), 製造／制造 (zhìzào)
(to write):

作文 (zuòwén) (to write an essay or composition)
執筆／执笔 (zhíbǐ)
寫作／写作 (xiězuò)
寫字／写字 (xiězì)
屬文／属文 (zhǔwén) (literary, to compose prose)
援筆／援笔 (yuánbǐ) (literary)
提筆／提笔 (tíbǐ)
撰 (zhuàn) (literary, or in compounds)
撰寫 (zhuànxiě)
撰著 (zhuànzhù) (to write a book)
撰述 (zhuànshù) (formal)
書寫／书写 (shūxiě)
筆耕／笔耕 (bǐgēng) (literary)
綴文／缀文 (zhuìwén) (literary, to write a composition)
編寫／编写 (biānxiě)
著作 (zhùzuò)
著述 (zhùshù)
行文 (xíngwén)
行筆／行笔 (xíngbǐ) (literary, to write an essay or composition)
譔文／撰文 (zhuànwén) (to write an article)

Derived terms

Noun

製作

(archaic) decrees and regulations governing ceremonial rites

Japanese

Kanji in this term
製	作
せい Grade: 5	さく Grade: 2
on'yomi

Alternative forms

(used in slightly different contents) 制作(せいさく) (seisaku)

Noun

製(せい)作(さく) • (seisaku)

manufacture

Verb

製(せい)作(さく)する • (seisaku suru) suru (stem 製(せい)作(さく)し (seisaku shi), past 製(せい)作(さく)した (seisaku shita))

produce, make, manufacture

Conjugation

Conjugation of "製作する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	製作し	せいさくし	seisaku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	製作し	せいさくし	seisaku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	製作する	せいさくする	seisaku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	製作する	せいさくする	seisaku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	製作すれ	せいさくすれ	seisaku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	製作せよ¹ 製作しろ²	せいさくせよ¹ せいさくしろ²	seisaku seyo¹ seisaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	製作される	せいさくされる	seisaku sareru
Causative	製作させる製作さす	せいさくさせるせいさくさす	seisaku saseru seisaku sasu
Potential	製作できる	せいさくできる	seisaku dekiru
Volitional	製作しよう	せいさくしよう	seisaku shiyō
Negative	製作しない	せいさくしない	seisaku shinai
Negative continuative	製作せず	せいさくせず	seisaku sezu
Formal	製作します	せいさくします	seisaku shimasu
Perfective	製作した	せいさくした	seisaku shita
Conjunctive	製作して	せいさくして	seisaku shite
Hypothetical conditional	製作すれば	せいさくすれば	seisaku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
製	作

Noun

製作 • (jejak) (hangeul 제작)

hanja form^? of 제작 (“manufacture; production”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
製	作

Verb

製作

chữ Hán form of chế tác (“to create, to produce”).

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