練

See also: 练, 煉, and 鍊

練	U+7DF4, 練 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7DF4

← 緳
[U+7DF3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

緵 →
[U+7DF5]

練	U+F996, 練 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F996

← 秊
[U+F995]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

聯 →
[U+F997]

練	U+FA57, 練 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA57

← 節
[U+FA56]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

縉 →
[U+FA58]

練	U+FAB0, 練 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FAB0

← 絛
[U+FAAF]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

缾 →
[U+FAB1]

Translingual

Traditional	練
Simplified	练
Japanese	練
Korean	練

Alternative forms

Note the difference in the right-side component between traditional Chinese (柬) and Japanese shinjitai (東).
Three CJK compatibility ideographs exists for this code point. Among them, U+FA57 corresponds to the Japanese kyūjitai form of this character.

Han character

練 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+9 in Chinese and Korean, 糸+8 in Japanese, 15 strokes in Chinese and Korean, 14 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 女火木田火 (VFDWF), four-corner 2599₆, composition ⿰糹柬 or ⿰糹東)

Derived characters

𭌈, 𬚎

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 932, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27631
Dae Jaweon: page 1370, character 16
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3424, character 2
Unihan data for U+7DF4

Unihan data for U+F996

Unihan data for U+FA57

Unihan data for U+FAB0

Chinese

trad.		練
simp.		练

Wikipedia has articles on:

練姓 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
Liān (sèⁿ) (Southern Min)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 練
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (柬) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蘭	*ɡ·raːn
攔	*ɡ·raːn
欄	*ɡ·raːn
瀾	ɡ·raːn, ɡ·raːns
讕	ɡ·raːn, ɡ·raːnʔ, *ɡ·raːns
闌	*ɡ·raːn
韊	*ɡ·raːn
幱	*ɡ·raːn
籣	*ɡ·raːn
躝	*ɡ·raːn
爛	*ɡ·raːns
爤	*ɡ·raːns
鑭	*ɡ·raːns
糷	*ɡ·raːns
斕	*ɡ·reːn
揀	kreːnʔ, ɡ·reːns
柬	*kreːnʔ
暕	*kreːnʔ
諫	*kraːns
練	*ɡ·reːns
鍊	*ɡ·reːns
煉	*ɡ·reːns
楝	*ɡ·reːns
萰	*ɡ·reːns
堜	*ɡ·reːns
湅	*ɡ·reːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·reːns) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): liàn (lian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lin⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): lien

(Meixian, Guangdong): liên⁴
Northern Min (KCR): līng
Eastern Min (BUC): liêng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): liān

(Teochew, Peng'im): liang⁷ / liêng⁷
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶li

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: liàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: liàn
  - Wade–Giles: lien⁴
  - Yale: lyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liann
  - Palladius: лянь (ljanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: lin⁶
  - Yale: lihn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lin⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: lin⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lien
  - Hakka Romanization System: lien
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /li̯en⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: liên⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /liɛn⁵³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: līng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: liêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃iɛŋ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liān
  - Tâi-lô: liān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lien
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɛn²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛn²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɛn³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: liang⁷ / liêng⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liāng / liēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liaŋ¹¹/, /lieŋ¹¹/

Note:

liang7 - Shantou;
liêng7 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶li
  - MiniDict: li^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³li
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /li²³/

Middle Chinese: lenH

Rime
Character	練
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	郎甸切
Baxter	lenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/len^H/
Pan Wuyun	/len^H/
Shao Rongfen	/lɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɛn^H/
Li Rong	/len^H/
Wang Li	/lien^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lien^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lin⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤen-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·reːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	練
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liàn
Middle Chinese	‹ len^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁen-s/
English	sized white silk
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	練
Reading #	1/1
No.	6141
Phonetic component	柬
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	練
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·reːns/

Definitions

練

(literary) white silk
(literary) to boil and scour raw silk
to practice; to drill; to exercise; to train
練鋼琴／练钢琴 ― liàn gāngqín ― to practise the piano

練腹肌／练腹肌 ― liàn fùjī ― to train one's rectus abdominis
experienced; familiar
老練／老练 ― lǎoliàn ― experienced; seasoned
a surname

Compounds

Japanese

Shinjitai	練
Kyūjitai ^[1]	練 `練` or 練+`︁`^?
	練󠄀 練+`󠄀`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	練󠄃 練+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

練

(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 練)

to practice, to train, to drill
to polish, to gloss
to refine

Readings

Go-on: れん (ren, Jōyō)
Kan-on: れん (ren, Jōyō)
Kun: ねる (neru, 練る, Jōyō)、ねり (neri, 練り)、ねりぎぬ (neriginu, 練)
Nanori: ねり (neri)、よし (yoshi)

Compounds

訓(くん)練(れん) (kunren, “training; drill; practice”)
試(し)練(れん) (shiren, “test; trial; ordeal”)
修(しゅう)練(れん) (shūren, “training; drill; practice”)
熟(じゅく)練(れん) (jukuren, “skill; proficiency”)
洗(せん)練(れん) (senren, “refinement; polish”)
未(み)練(れん) (miren, “lingering attachment; regret”)
練(れん)習(しゅう) (renshū, “practice; exercise”)

References

^ “練”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

Hanja

練 (eumhun 익힐 련 (ikhil ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 익힐 연 (ikhil yeon))

hanja form^? of [[련/연#Korean:_練|련/연]] (“practice”)

Compounds

훈련 (訓練, hullyeon, “training”)

Vietnamese

Han character

練: Hán Nôm readings: luyện, lén, lẹn, rén, rịn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] “練”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

[1]