沖
Appearance
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]沖 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水中 (EL), four-corner 35106, composition ⿰氵中)
Derived characters
[edit]Related characters
[edit]- 冲 (Simplified Chinese) - Note: also the simplified form of 衝
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 611, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17209
- Dae Jaweon: page 1004, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1565, character 3
- Unihan data for U+6C96
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 沖/冲* | |
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simp. | 冲* |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 沖 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *duŋ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cung1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhûng
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhèng / chhiong / chhiâng
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1tshon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chong
- Wade–Giles: chʻung1
- Yale: chūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chong
- Palladius: чун (čun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cung1
- Yale: chūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsung1
- Guangdong Romanization: cung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûng
- Hakka Romanization System: cungˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cung1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Ningbo)
- Wugniu: 1tshon
- MiniDict: tshon平
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1tshon
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sʰoŋ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /t͡sʰõ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Haining): /t͡sʰõ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /t͡sʰõ⁵¹/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵²/
- (Northern: Shanghai, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Ningbo)
- Middle Chinese: drjuwng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ruŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*duŋ/
Definitions
[edit]沖
- to pour water on; to rinse; to flush; to wash
- to pour (boiling) water in
- to soar; to rise; to shoot up
- 王曰:「此鳥不飛則已,一飛沖天;不鳴則已,一鳴驚人。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Wáng yuē: “Cǐ niǎo bù fēi zé yǐ, yī fēi chōng tiān; bù míng zé yǐ, yī míng jīngrén.” [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
王曰:「此鸟不飞则已,一飞冲天;不鸣则已,一鸣惊人。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to develop (a film)
- to offset
- (dialectal) flatland in a mountainous area (Classifier: 個/个)
- Alternative form of 涌 (chōng, “small river”)
- a surname: Chong
Synonyms
[edit]- (to pour boiling water on): 沏 (qī)
Compounds
[edit]- 一沖性子/一冲性子
- 一飛沖天/一飞冲天
- 六里沖 (Liùlǐchōng)
- 唐沖/唐冲 (Tángchōng)
- 土壤沖蝕/土壤冲蚀
- 大水沖溺/大水冲溺
- 大沖/大冲
- 太沖/太冲
- 平易謙沖/平易谦冲
- 志沖斗牛
- 怨氣沖天/怨气冲天
- 怒氣沖天/怒气冲天
- 怒氣沖沖/怒气冲冲
- 怒氣沖發/怒气冲发
- 怒沖沖/怒冲冲
- 撞府沖州/撞府冲州
- 正沖/正冲 (Zhèngchōng)
- 氣沖斗牛/气冲斗牛
- 氣沖沖/气冲冲 (qìchōngchōng)
- 氣沖牛斗/气冲牛斗
- 氣沖霄漢/气冲霄汉
- 沖人/冲人
- 沖刷/冲刷 (chōngshuā)
- 沖剋/冲克
- 沖印/冲印 (chōngyìn)
- 沖和/冲和
- 沖喜/冲喜 (chōngxǐ)
- 沖壓/冲压 (chōngyā)
- 沖天/冲天 (chōngtiān)
- 沖天之怒/冲天之怒
- 沖天炮/冲天炮
- 沖帳/冲帐 (chōngzhàng)
- 沖年/冲年
- 沖床/冲床 (chōngchuáng)
- 沖廁/冲厕 (chōngcè)
- 沖弱/冲弱
- 沖懷/冲怀
- 沖撞/冲撞 (chōngzhuàng)
- 沖擊/冲击 (chōngjī)
- 沖擴/冲扩
- 沖昧/冲昧
- 沖服/冲服 (chōngfú)
- 沖服劑/冲服剂
- 沖末/冲末
- 沖模/冲模
- 沖沖/冲冲 (chōngchōng)
- 沖決/冲决 (chōngjué)
- 沖泡/冲泡 (chōngpào)
- 沖洗/冲洗 (chōngxǐ)
- 沖流/冲流
- 沖淡/冲淡 (chōngdàn)
- 沖涼/冲凉 (chōngliáng)
- 沖滌/冲涤
- 沖激/冲激
- 沖瀉/冲泻
- 沖犯/冲犯 (chōngfàn)
- 沖稅/冲税
- 沖積/冲积 (chōngjī)
- 沖積層/冲积层
- 沖積島/冲积岛
- 沖積平原/冲积平原 (chōngjī píngyuán)
- 沖積扇/冲积扇 (chōngjīshàn)
- 沖空機/冲空机
- 沖茶/冲茶 (chōngchá)
- 沖虛/冲虚
- 沖虛真人/冲虚真人
- 沖虛真經/冲虚真经
- 沖蝕/冲蚀 (chōngshí)
- 沖襟/冲襟
- 沖退/冲退
- 沖銷/冲销
- 沖霄/冲霄
- 沖霄漢外/冲霄汉外
- 沖默/冲默
- 沖鼻/冲鼻
- 沖齡/冲龄 (chōnglíng)
- 田沖/田冲 (Tiánchōng)
- 紙坊沖/纸坊冲 (Zhǐfángchōng)
- 臭氣沖天/臭气冲天
- 興沖沖/兴冲冲 (xìngchōngchōng)
- 莊沖/庄冲 (Zhuāngchōng)
- 蔣家沖/蒋家冲 (Jiǎngjiāchōng)
- 虛沖/虚冲
- 袁沖/袁冲 (Yuánchōng)
- 解家沖/解家冲 (Xièjiāchōng)
- 許家沖/许家冲 (Xǔjiāchōng)
- 謙沖/谦冲 (qiānchōng)
- 謙沖自牧/谦冲自牧 (qiānchōngzìmù)
- 買進對沖/买进对冲
- 過沖/过冲
- 陳家沖/陈家冲 (Chénjiāchōng)
- 韶山沖/韶山冲 (Sháoshānchōng)
- 飛必沖天/飞必冲天
- 驛馬沖/驿马冲 (Yìmǎchōng)
- 高家沖/高家冲 (Gāojiāchōng)
- 黃家沖/黄家冲 (Huángjiāchōng)
- 黑氣沖天/黑气冲天
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]沖
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: じゅう (jū)←ぢゆう (dyuu, historical)
- Kan-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)←ちゆう (tyuu, historical)
- Kun: おき (oki, 沖, Jōyō)、ひひる (hihiru, 沖る)、ひいる (hīru, 沖る)
Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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沖 |
おき Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 沖 – see the following entry. | ||
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(This term, 沖, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]沖 • (chung) (hangeul 충, revised chung, McCune–Reischauer ch'ung, Yale chwung)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]沖: Hán Nôm readings: trong, trùng, xung
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
References
[edit]- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ちゅう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading ちゆう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おき
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひひ・る
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひい・る
- Japanese terms spelled with 沖 read as おき
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