梁

梁 U+6881, 梁 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6881 ← 梀 [U+6880] CJK Unified Ideographs 梂 → [U+6882]

梁 U+F97A, 梁 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F97A ← 凉 [U+F979] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 糧 → [U+F97B]

Traditional	梁
Simplified	梁
Japanese	梁
Korean	梁

梁 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水金木 (ECD) or 水戈木 (EID), four-corner 3390₄, composition ⿱⿰氵刅朩(T) or ⿱⿰氵刅木(GHJKV))

• 墚, 樑, 𮌹, 𥛫, 𮃡, 𮇹, 𨄈, 𨎛, 𨫟, 𬪔, 𮭊, 簗

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 528, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14825
• Dae Jaweon: page 916, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1220, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6881

• Unihan data for U+F97A

trad.		梁
simp. #		梁
alternative forms		鿄 𣸑 渿 𣹷

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raŋ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 刅 (OC *sʰraŋ) + semantic 木 (“wood”) — a bridge.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Are the noun senses related to the proper noun senses?”)

梁

1. Alternative form of 樑 (liáng, “bridge; roof beam; ridge”); also the simplified form.
2. (historical) state of Liang
   1. An ancient Chinese state during the Spring and Autumn period
   2. The State of Wei during the Warring States period, after moving its capital to Daliang

      • 孟子見梁惠王。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
        孟子见梁惠王。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

        From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

        Mèngzǐ jiàn Liáng Huì Wáng. [Pinyin]

        Mencius went to see king Hui of Liang.

   3. A kingdom during the Han dynasty
   4. One of two ancient Chinese states during the end of the Sui dynasty
3. (historical) Liang dynasty
   1. Liang, one of the Southern Dynasties
   2. Later Liang of the Five Dynasties
4. a surname

   梁山伯  ―  Liáng Shānbó  ―  Liang Shanbo (in the legend of Butterfly Lovers)

   梁啟超／梁启超  ―  Liáng Qǐchāo  ―  Liang Qichao (Chinese intellectual and politician who lived during the late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of China)

• (state of Wei): 魏 (wèi), 魏國／魏国 (Wèiguó)
• (state): 梁國 (Liángguó)
• (dynasty): 梁朝 (Liángcháo)
• (Southern Liang): 南梁 (Nánliáng), 蕭梁 (Xiāoliáng)
• (Later Liang): 後梁 (Hòuliáng), 朱梁 (Zhūliáng)

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name	Time period	Divisions
Xia 夏 (～朝, ～代)	2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang 商 (～朝, ～代) 殷 (～朝, ～代)	1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代)	1046 – 256 BCE	Western Zhou 西周
		Eastern Zhou 東周／东周	Spring and Autumn period 春秋
			Warring States period 戰國／战国
Qin 秦 (～朝, ～代)	221 – 206 BCE
Han 漢／汉 (～朝, ～代)	206 BCE – 220 C.E.	Western Han 西漢／西汉
		Xin 新 (～朝)
		Eastern Han 東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國／三国	220 – 280 C.E.	Wei 魏
		Shu Han 蜀漢／蜀汉
		Wu 吳／吴
Jin 晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 C.E.	Western Jin 西晉／西晋
		Eastern Jin 東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝	420 – 589 C.E.	Northern dynasties 北朝	Northern Wei 北魏
			Western Wei 西魏
			Eastern Wei 東魏／东魏
			Northern Zhou 北周
			Northern Qi 北齊／北齐
		Southern dynasties 南朝	Liu Song 劉宋／刘宋
			Southern Qi 南齊／南齐
			Liang 梁 (～朝, ～代)
			Chen 陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui 隋 (～朝, ～代)	581 – 618 C.E.
Tang 唐 (～朝, ～代)	618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國／五代十国	907 – 960 C.E.
Liao 遼／辽 (～朝, ～代)	907 – 1125 C.E.
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 C.E.	Northern Song 北宋
		Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏	1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin 金 (～朝, ～代)	1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao 西遼／西辽	1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan 元 (～朝, ～代)	1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming 明 (～朝, ～代)	1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing 清 (～朝, ～代)	1636 – 1912 C.E.

Others:

• → Bouyei: Liangz, Liangf
• → English: Liang, Leung, Leong, Neo, Leo
• → Zhuang: Liengz

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

• Kan-on: りょう (ryō)^{←りゃう (ryau, historical)}
• Kun: はり (hari, 梁)、うつばり (utsubari, 梁)、やな (yana, 梁)

Kanji in this term
梁
うつばり Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese 梁 (utupari); attested phonetically in Old Japanese in the Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki of 794, with the spelling 宇都波利.^[1][2]

Likely a compound of 内 (utsu-, “inside”, bound form) +‎ 張り (hari, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of 張る (haru, “to stick; to spread”)), as suggested by various works.^[2]

Alternatively, the initial utsu- is connected to utsu-, spelled variously in addition to 内 (“inside”) as 全 (“all of which is contained in a group”), 空, 虚 (“an inner hollow or empty space; an inner void”), which are likely cognates.^[2]

• (Tokyo) うつばり [ùtsúbárí] (Heiban – [0])^[2][3][4]
• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟t͡sɨba̠ɾʲi]

梁(うつばり) • (utsubari) 

1. a beam
2. (figuratively) the central figure or person, a pillar

Kanji in this term
梁
はり Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Attested in the Muromachi period.^[5]

The late attestation in Middle Japanese suggests that this might have been an abbreviation of 梁 (utsubari), also pronounced utsuhari in older texts.

• (Tokyo) はり [hàríꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[5][3][4]
• IPA^(key): [ha̠ɾʲi]

梁(はり) • (hari) 

1. beam, joist

Kanji in this term
梁
やな Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
簗

From Old Japanese 梁 (yana). Attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720.^[6][7]

There are various theories, such as a derivation from 屋魚 (ya na, “house of a fish”), やる魚 (yaru na, “a fish to be done”), an abbreviation of 梁簀 (yanasu), and a shift from 板庭 (itaniwa).^[7]

• (Tokyo) やな [yáꜜnà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[7][3][4]
• IPA^(key): [ja̠na̠]

梁(やな) • (yana) 

1. fish trap, fish weir

Kanji in this term
梁
りょう Jinmeiyō
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 梁 (MC ljang).

• (Tokyo) りょー [ryóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[8]
• IPA^(key): [ɾʲo̞ː]

梁(りょう) • (Ryō) 

1. (historical) Liang

From Middle Chinese 梁 (MC ljang). Recorded as Middle Korean 랴ᇰ (lyang) (Yale: lyang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Wikisource

梁 (eumhun 들보 량 (deulbo ryang), word-initial (South Korea) 들보 양 (deulbo yang))

1. hanja form^? of 량/양 (“beam; bridge”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [5]

梁: Hán Nôm readings: lương

1. Chữ Hán form of Lương (“a surname from Chinese.”).