幻

See also: 幼 and 𠄔

幻	U+5E7B, 幻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E7B

← 幺
[U+5E7A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

幼 →
[U+5E7C]

Translingual

Han character

幻 (Kangxi radical 52, 幺+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 女戈尸 (VIS) or 難女戈尸 (XVIS), four-corner 2772₀, composition ⿰幺𠃌)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 341, character 13
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9190
Dae Jaweon: page 650, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1093, character 3
Unihan data for U+5E7B

Chinese

simp. and trad.		幻
alternative forms		𠄔眩

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 幻
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Three interpretations, all of which are ideogram (指事) :

Variant of 玄 with an elongated stroke to distinguish (Ji Xusheng).
Abbreviation of 縣 (He Linyi).
Inversion of 予 (Shuowen Jiezi).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): huàn (huan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): huan⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): waan⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): van⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): fon⁵ / fan⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fan

(Meixian, Guangdong): fan⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): huan³
Northern Min (KCR): huīng
Eastern Min (BUC): huâng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang⁴ / huong⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hoān / hoàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): huang³ / huêng³ / huam³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵ue
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): honn⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huàn
  - Wade–Giles: huan⁴
  - Yale: hwàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huann
  - Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯än⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: huan⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xuan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuan²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: waan⁶
  - Yale: waahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: waan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wan⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: van⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /van²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fon⁵ / fan⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɵn¹¹/, /fan¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fan
  - Hakka Romanization System: fan
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fan⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fan⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: huan³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuæ̃⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huīng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuiŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huɑŋ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: huang⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: huong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
  - Tâi-lô: huān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /huan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /huan²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn
  - Tâi-lô: huàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /huan²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huang³ / huêng³ / huam³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huàng / huèng / huàm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ²¹³/, /hueŋ²¹³/, /huam²¹³/

Note:

huang3 - Shantou;
huêng3 - Chaozhou;
huam3 - Jieyang, Raoping, Huilai, Pontianak.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵ue
  - MiniDict: ue^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ue
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ue³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: honn⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xõ⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 幻
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuan⁵¹/
	Harbin	/xuan⁵³/
	Tianjin	/xuan⁵³/
	Jinan	/xuã²¹/
	Qingdao	/xuã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/xuan³¹²/
	Xi'an	/xuã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/xuã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/xuan¹³/
	Lanzhou	/xuɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/xuan²¹³/
	Wuhan	/xuan³⁵/
	Chengdu	/xuan¹³/
	Guiyang	/xuan²¹³/
	Kunming	/xuã̠²¹²/
	Nanjing	/xuaŋ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/xʊ̃⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuæ̃⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/xuɑŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/xuæ̃⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ue³⁵/
	Suzhou	/ue̞⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦuõ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/v̠a³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/xuɛ²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/xuːə⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/xõ⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/hɔn⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/fɵn²¹/ /fan²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/fan⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wan²²/
	Nanning	/wan²²/
	Hong Kong	/wan²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/huan²²/ /huan²¹/ 俗
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/huɑŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xuiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/huaŋ²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/huaŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: hweanH

Rime
Character	幻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	山 (74)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	胡辨切
Baxter	hweanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠuɛn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚæn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwəɨn^H/
Li Rong	/ɣuɛn^H/
Wang Li	/ɣwæn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣwăn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	waan⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷreːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	幻
Reading #	1/1
No.	5352
Phonetic component	幻
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	幻
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷreːns/

Definitions

幻

mystical; mysterious
illusion; fantasy; mirage

Compounds

夢幻／梦幻 (mènghuàn)
夢幻劇／梦幻剧
夢幻泡影／梦幻泡影
太虛幻境／太虚幻境
奇幻 (qíhuàn)
奇幻迷離／奇幻迷离
如夢似幻／如梦似幻
如幻似真
幻世
幻人
幻光
幻化 (huànhuà)
幻塵／幻尘
幻境 (huànjìng)
幻夢／幻梦 (huànmèng)
幻夢成空／幻梦成空
幻影 (huànyǐng)
幻想 (huànxiǎng)
幻想力
幻想曲 (huànxiǎngqǔ)
幻想派
幻日 (huànrì)
幻景 (huànjǐng)
幻民
幻法 (huànfǎ)
幻泡
幻滅／幻灭 (huànmiè)
幻燈／幻灯 (huàndēng)
幻燈機／幻灯机 (huàndēngjī)
幻燈片／幻灯片
幻相
幻視／幻视 (huànshì)
幻術／幻术 (huànshù)
幻覺／幻觉 (huànjué)
幻象 (huànxiàng)
泡幻
科幻 (kēhuàn)
科幻小說／科幻小说
科幻電影／科幻电影
空幻 (kōnghuàn)
虛幻／虚幻 (xūhuàn)
譸張為幻／诪张为幻
變幻／变幻 (biànhuàn)
變幻不測／变幻不测
變幻無常／变幻无常
變幻莫測／变幻莫测 (biànhuànmòcè)
迷幻藥／迷幻药 (míhuànyào)
風雲變幻／风云变幻 (fēngyúnbiànhuàn)
魔幻 (móhuàn)

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “幻”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

Japanese

Kanji

幻

(Jōyō kanji)

fantasy, phantom

Readings

Go-on: げん (gen, Jōyō)^{←げん (gen, historical)}^{←ぐゑん (gwen, ancient)}
Kan-on: かん (kan)^{←くわん (kwan, historical)}
Kun: まぼろし (maboroshi, 幻, Jōyō)

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
幻
まぼろし Grade: S
kun'yomi

Probably from Old Japanese. Used in The Tale of Genji, completed in 1021.^[1]^[2]

The initial ma is almost certainly 目 (ma, modern me, “eye”). The boroshi portion is of uncertain derivation, possibly related to modern colloquial adjective ぼろい (boroi, “rough, ragged, worn-out”), or verb ばらす (barasu, “to mess something up”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) まぼろし [màbóróshí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ma̠bo̞ɾo̞ɕi]

Noun

幻(まぼろし) • (maboroshi)

an illusion, a phantom, a dream, a vision

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

幻 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

幻: Hán Nôm readings: huyễn, hoẻn, ảo

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Usage notes

Ảo appears to be a misreading due to confusion with the character 抝 or 拗 (ảo).

[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]