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大和

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

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big; great; huge
big; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor
 
mix together; peace; harmony
mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm
 
simp. and trad.
(大和)
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Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/2
Initial () (7) (7) (33)
Final () (25) (94) (95)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Closed
Division () I I I
Fanqie
Baxter dajH daH hwa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/ /ɦuɑ/
Pan
Wuyun
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/ /ɦuɑ/
Shao
Rongfen
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/ /ɣuɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dajH/ /daH/ /ɦwa/
Li
Rong
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/ /ɣuɑ/
Wang
Li
/dɑiH/ /dɑH/ /ɣuɑ/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/dʱɑiH/ /dʱɑH/ /ɣuɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dài duò huó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
daai6 do6 wo4

Etymology 1

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Proper noun

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大和

  1. (Chinese history) an era during the Tang dynasty, from 827 through 835 CE
  2. (Chinese history) an era during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, from 929 through 935 CE
  3. (Vietnamese history) an era during the reign of Lê Nhân Tông, from 1443 through 1453
  4. () Dahe (a township in Bazhou district, Bazhong, Sichuan, China)
Descendants
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Sino-Xenic (大和):
  • Japanese: (だい)() (Daiwa)

Etymology 2

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Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大和(やまと) (Yamato).

Proper noun

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大和

  1. Yamato (ancient name for Japan)
  2. () Yamato (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)
  3. () Yamato Province, a former province in Japan, generally equivalent Nara Prefecture
  4. An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 大和, Yamato
Derived terms
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See also

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Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
やまと
Grade: 1 Grade: 3
jukujikun
Alternative spellings

⟨yamato2: *[jamatə]/jamato/

From older 邪馬台 (yamatai). From Old Japanese 大和 (yamato2), from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Originally a geographical region in Nara, came to refer to all of Nara, and eventually to the country as a whole: Japan.

Chinese texts often used the word (dwarf, midget) to refer to the people of the Japanese archipelago, possibly because they were actually smaller, or more likely as an insult. This character came to be used in early Japanese texts, such as the Man'yōshū poetry compilation, with a kun'yomi or native-Japanese reading of Yamato to refer to Japan in general.

This character also has an on'yomi or borrowed Chinese reading of wa. During the reign of Empress Genmei (707–715), the character with an original Chinese meaning of “midget, dwarf” was replaced with the character that is also read wa, but instead has the more favorable meaning of “harmony”, in spellings of the native Japanese term Yamato. The character meaning “great” was then prefixed to this.[1] The resulting kanji compound 大和 can also be read with a kun'yomi of Ōyamato[2][3] (see below).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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大和(やまと) (Yamato

  1. a town in the Shikinoshimo district in the Yamato Province of Japan, generally equivalent to modern Tenri area
  2. A city in Kanagawa Prefecture
  3. one of the old provinces that made up Japan, generally equivalent to modern Nara prefecture
  4. the country of Japan
  5. 大和: a World War II battleship (Should we delete(+) this sense?)
  6. 大和: a male given name
  7. 大和: a surname
Synonyms
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  • (Japan): 日本 (Nihon, Nippon)
Derived terms
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(Japan):

Descendants
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See also

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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
おお
Grade: 1
やまと
Grade: 3
kun'yomi irregular
Alternative spellings
大倭
大日本

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[6]

Compound of (ō, great, big) +‎ 大和 (Yamato, the ancient Yamato kingdom; Japan). The kanji spelling is an example of ateji (当て字).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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(おお)(やまと) (Ōyamatoおほやまと (Ofoyamato)?

  1. (historical) one of the old provinces that made up Japan, generally equivalent to modern Nara prefecture
  2. (poetic) the country of Japan

See also

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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
だい
Grade: 1

Grade: 3
on'yomi

Appears to be a borrowing from Middle Chinese 大和 (MC dajH|daH hwa|hwaH).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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(だい)() (Daiwa

  1. an era in history:
    1. (Chinese history) an era during the Tang dynasty, from 827 through 835 CE
    2. (Chinese history) an era during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, from 929 through 935 CE
    3. (Vietnamese history) an era during the reign of Lê Nhân Tông, from 1443 through 1453
  2. a place:
    1. A neighborhood of Takatsuki, Osaka Prefecture.
    2. A township in Bazhong, Sichuan, China.

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  5. ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
  6. ^
    c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 3, poem 475:
    , text here

Kunigami

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Kanji in this term
Grade: 1 Grade: 3

Etymology

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From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with Japanese 大和(やまと) (Yamato).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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大和(やまと゚ぅー) (Yamatū

  1. Japan

Derived terms

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Miyako

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Kanji in this term
Grade: 1 Grade: 3

Etymology

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From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with Japanese 大和(やまと) (Yamato).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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大和(やまとぅ) (Yamatu

  1. Japan

Derived terms

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Okinawan

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
やまとぅ
Grade: 1 Grade: 3
jukujikun
Alternative spellings


日本

From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with mainland Japanese 大和 (Yamato).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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大和(やまとぅ) (Yamatu

  1. Japan, mainland Japan in contrast to Okinawa
  2. Satsuma, Japan
Usage notes
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  • Because 大和 (Yamatu) may also refer to Satsuma, 大大和 (Ufuyamatu) is used to clearly refer to mainland Japan in contrast to Okinawa.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
うふやまとぅ
Grade: 1 Grade: 3
jukujikun

Proper noun

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大和(うふやまとぅ) (Ufuyamatu

  1. Alternative form of 大大和 (Japan, Mainland Japan in contrast to Okinawan).

References

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Yaeyama

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Kanji in this term
Grade: 1 Grade: 3

Etymology

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From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with Japanese 大和(やまと) (Yamato).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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大和(やまとぅ) (Yamatu

  1. Japan

Derived terms

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Yonaguni

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Kanji in this term
Grade: 1 Grade: 3
Alternative spelling

Etymology

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From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with Japanese 大和(やまと) (Yamato).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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大和(だまとぅ) (Damatu

  1. Japan

Derived terms

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References

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