گون

گون (gün) (definite accusative گونو (günü), plural گونلر (günlər))

1. Arabic spelling of gün (“day”)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwn' /⁠gōn⁠/, “colour, complexion”), from Proto-Iranian *gauna (“hair; color”), perhaps related to Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “thread, cord”), with further origin beyond Indo-Iranian uncertain.

Possibly from the BMAC substrate.^[1] Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *gow-no-m (“something curved or vaulted”), from *gew- (“to curve”).^[2]

Akin to Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀 (gaona, “colour”), Pashto غونه (γūna, “colour”), Ossetian хъуын (qwyn, “hair”). Old Armenian գոյն (goyn) is an Iranian borrowing.

Readings
Classical reading?	gūn
Dari reading?	gūn
Iranian reading?	gun
Tajik reading?	gun

Dari	گون
Iranian Persian
Tajik	гун

گون • (gun)

1. (usually in compounds) colour

   Synonym: رنگ (rang)

2. kind, type, species

   Synonym: نوع (now')

   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 269:

     هر دو گون آهو گیا خوردند و آب
     زین یکی سرگین شد و ز ان مشک ناب

     har du gōn āhū giyā xwardand u āb
     z-īn yakē sargēn šud u z-ān mušk-i nāb

     Both species of deer ate grass and drank water: from this one came dung, and from that one pure musk.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

3. manner, fashion, mode

Apparently گو (gaw, “cow”) with suffix as hinted at گرزن (garzan, “crown”).

Readings
Classical reading?	gawan
Dari reading?	gawan
Iranian reading?	gavan
Tajik reading?	gavan

گون • (gavan)

2. milkvetch

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “gōn”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “گون”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “گون”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 1056

گون (gon)

1. smell
2. bad smell
3. a cut trunk of a tree