сан

Akin to Avar сон (son) and Lak шин (šin) and Udi усен (usen).

сан • (san)

1. year

From Old Church Slavonic санъ (sanŭ) (u-stem), probably of Oghur origin. Cognate with Turkish san (“reputation”), Turkmen san (“account”), Kazakh санау (sanau, “count”), Tatar san (“number”) and akin to dialectal Turkish sаnаmаk (“to take into account”), Uzbek sanamoq (“to count”) from Proto-Turkic *sā(j)- (“to count, to determine”). Through another suffix is perhaps Bulgarian самчия (samčija, “(old-time) governor”).

сан • (san) m

1. (literary, obsolescent) rank, administrative position

• “сан”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “сан”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 457

• нас (nas)

Borrowed from Classical Mongolian ᠰᠠᠩ (sang, “granary”), from Mandarin 倉／仓 (cāng, “granary”).

• IPA^(key): /säɴ/, [sʰä̟ɴ̟]
• Hyphenation: сан
• Rhymes: -an

сан • (san) (^??? please provide spelling!)

1. treasury; exchequer
2. fund, stock, reserve

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

• һан (han)

сан • (san)

1. genitive singular of со (so)

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-sum, cognate to Standard Mandarin 三 (sān).

• IPA^(key): /sæ̃²⁴/

сан • (san) (I)

1. three

From Proto-Mordvinic *san, from Proto-Uralic *sëne.^[1][2] Compare Finnish suoni, Estonian soon, Kildin Sami сӯнн (sūnn), Eastern Mari шӱн (šün), Udmurt сӧн (sön), Hungarian ín.

• IPA^(key): /sɑn/

сан • (san)

1. (anatomy) vein

   верень сан ― veŕeń san ― blood vessel

2. (anatomy) tendon, sinew
3. (dialectal, anatomy) penis
   • Heikki Paasonen, Mordwinisches Wörterbuch

     koda lomań v́ijse͔nᴣe͔, ḱeḿe sonᴣo sanozo — Wenn der Mann (‘Mensch’) bei Kräften ist, ist sein Glied stark.

     [literal translation from Erzya] when a man is in his strength, firm his penis is — [German translation]

• (of "penis"): папа, дёрть (papa , ďoŕť)

• Саназей (Sanaźej, “a spirit/deity that rules over the penis”)

Alternative scripts
Arabic	سان
Cyrillic	сан
Latin	san

сан • (san)

1. number
2. thigh

сан • (san)

1. number
2. counting, calculation

Unknown.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsan/, [ˈsän]
• Hyphenation: сан

сан • (san)

1. wolverine (Gulo gulo)

Declension of сан (stem: сан-)
		singular	plural
nominative		сан (san)	санъяс (sanjas)
accusative	I*	сан (san)	санъяс (sanjas)
	II*	санӧс (sanös)	санъясӧс (sanjasös)
instrumental		санӧн (sanön)	санъясӧн (sanjasön)
comitative		санкӧд (sanköd)	санъяскӧд (sanjasköd)
caritive		сантӧг (santög)	санъястӧг (sanjastög)
consecutive		санла (sanla)	санъясла (sanjasla)
genitive		санлӧн (sanlön)	санъяслӧн (sanjaslön)
ablative		санлысь (sanlyś)	санъяслысь (sanjaslyś)
dative		санлы (sanly)	санъяслы (sanjasly)
inessive		санын (sanyn)	санъясын (sanjasyn)
elative		санысь (sanyś)	санъясысь (sanjasyś)
illative		санӧ (sanö)	санъясӧ (sanjasö)
egressive		сансянь (sanśań)	санъяссянь (sanjasśań)
approximative		санлань (sanlań)	санъяслань (sanjaslań)
terminative		санӧдз (sanödź)	санъясӧдз (sanjasödź)
prolative	I	санӧд (sanöd)	санъясӧд (sanjasöd)
	II	санті (santi)	санъясті (sanjasti)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.

Possessive declension of сан
First person singular singular plural nominative санӧй (sanöj) санъясӧй (sanjasöj) accusative I* санӧй (sanöj) санъясӧй (sanjasöj) II* санӧс (sanös) санъясӧс (sanjasös) instrumental саннам (sannam) санъяснам (sanjasnam) comitative санӧйкӧд (sanöjköd) санъясӧйкӧд (sanjasöjköd) caritive сантӧгым (santögym) санъястӧгым (sanjastögym) consecutive санӧйла (sanöjla) санъясӧйла (sanjasöjla) genitive санӧйлӧн (sanöjlön) санъясӧйлӧн (sanjasöjlön) ablative санӧйлысь (sanöjlyś) санъясӧйлысь (sanjasöjlyś) dative санӧйлы (sanöjly) санъясӧйлы (sanjasöjly) inessive санам (sanam) санъясам (sanjasam) elative сансьым (sanśym) санъяссьым (sanjasśym) illative санам (sanam) санъясам (sanjasam) egressive сансяньым (sanśańym) санъяссяньым (sanjasśańym) approximative санланьым (sanlańym) санъясланьым (sanjaslańym) terminative санӧдзым (sanödźym) санъясӧдзым (sanjasödźym) prolative I санӧдым (sanödym) санъясӧдым (sanjasödym) II сантіым (santiym) санъястіым (sanjastiym) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Second person singular singular plural nominative саныд (sanyd) санъясыд (sanjasyd) accusative I* саныд (sanyd) санъясыд (sanjasyd) II* сантӧ (santö) санъястӧ (sanjastö) instrumental саннад (sannad) санъяснад (sanjasnad) comitative саныдкӧд (sanydköd) санъясыдкӧд (sanjasydköd) caritive сантӧгыд (santögyd) санъястӧгыд (sanjastögyd) consecutive саныдла (sanydla) санъясыдла (sanjasydla) genitive саныдлӧн (sanydlön) санъясыдлӧн (sanjasydlön) ablative саныдлысь (sanydlyś) санъясыдлысь (sanjasydlyś) dative саныдлы (sanydly) санъясыдлы (sanjasydly) inessive санад (sanad) санъясад (sanjasad) elative сансьыд (sanśyd) санъяссьыд (sanjasśyd) illative санад (sanad) санъясад (sanjasad) egressive сансяньыд (sanśańyd) санъяссяньыд (sanjasśańyd) approximative санланьыд (sanlańyd) санъясланьыд (sanjaslańyd) terminative санӧдзыд (sanödźyd) санъясӧдзыд (sanjasödźyd) prolative I санӧдыд (sanödyd) санъясӧдыд (sanjasödyd) II сантіыд (santiyd) санъястіыд (sanjastiyd) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Third person singular singular plural nominative саныс (sanys) санъясыс (sanjasys) accusative I* саныс (sanys) санъясыс (sanjasys) II* сансӧ (sansö) санъяссӧ (sanjassö) instrumental саннас (sannas) санъяснас (sanjasnas) comitative саныскӧд (sanysköd) санъясыскӧд (sanjasysköd) caritive сантӧгыс (santögys) санъястӧгыс (sanjastögys) consecutive санысла (sanysla) санъясысла (sanjasysla) genitive саныслӧн (sanyslön) санъясыслӧн (sanjasyslön) ablative саныслысь (sanyslyś) санъясыслысь (sanjasyslyś) dative саныслы (sanysly) санъясыслы (sanjasysly) inessive санас (sanas) санъясас (sanjasas) elative сансьыс (sanśys) санъяссьыс (sanjasśys) illative санас (sanas) санъясас (sanjasas) egressive сансяньыс (sanśańys) санъяссяньыс (sanjasśańys) approximative санланьыс (sanlańys) санъясланьыс (sanjaslańys) terminative санӧдзыс (sanödźys) санъясӧдзыс (sanjasödźys) prolative I санӧдыс (sanödys) санъясӧдыс (sanjasödys) II сантіыс (santiys) санъястіыс (sanjastiys) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
First person plural singular plural nominative санным (sannym) санъясным (sanjasnym) accusative I* санным (sannym) санъясным (sanjasnym) II* саннымӧ (sannymö) санъяснымӧ (sanjasnymö) instrumental саннаным (sannanym) санъяснаным (sanjasnanym) comitative саннымкӧд (sannymköd) санъяснымкӧд (sanjasnymköd) caritive сантӧгным (santögnym) санъястӧгным (sanjastögnym) consecutive саннымла (sannymla) санъяснымла (sanjasnymla) genitive саннымлӧн (sannymlön) санъяснымлӧн (sanjasnymlön) ablative саннымлысь (sannymlyś) санъяснымлысь (sanjasnymlyś) dative саннымлы (sannymly) санъяснымлы (sanjasnymly) inessive сананым (sananym) санъясаным (sanjasanym) elative сансьыным (sanśynym) санъяссьыным (sanjasśynym) illative сананым (sananym) санъясаным (sanjasanym) egressive сансяньным (sanśańnym) санъяссяньным (sanjasśańnym) approximative санланьным (sanlańnym) санъясланьным (sanjaslańnym) terminative санӧдзным (sanödźnym) санъясӧдзным (sanjasödźnym) prolative I санӧдным (sanödnym) санъясӧдным (sanjasödnym) II сантіным (santinym) санъястіным (sanjastinym) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Second person plural singular plural nominative санныд (sannyd) санъясныд (sanjasnyd) accusative I* санныд (sannyd) санъясныд (sanjasnyd) II* саннытӧ (sannytö) санъяснытӧ (sanjasnytö) instrumental саннаныд (sannanyd) санъяснаныд (sanjasnanyd) comitative санныдкӧд (sannydköd) санъясныдкӧд (sanjasnydköd) caritive сантӧгныд (santögnyd) санъястӧгныд (sanjastögnyd) consecutive санныдла (sannydla) санъясныдла (sanjasnydla) genitive санныдлӧн (sannydlön) санъясныдлӧн (sanjasnydlön) ablative санныдлысь (sannydlyś) санъясныдлысь (sanjasnydlyś) dative санныдлы (sannydly) санъясныдлы (sanjasnydly) inessive сананыд (sananyd) санъясаныд (sanjasanyd) elative сансьыныд (sanśynyd) санъяссьыныд (sanjasśynyd) illative сананыд (sananyd) санъясаныд (sanjasanyd) egressive сансяньныд (sanśańnyd) санъяссяньныд (sanjasśańnyd) approximative санланьныд (sanlańnyd) санъясланьныд (sanjaslańnyd) terminative санӧдзныд (sanödźnyd) санъясӧдзныд (sanjasödźnyd) prolative I санӧдныд (sanödnyd) санъясӧдныд (sanjasödnyd) II сантіныд (santinyd) санъястіныд (sanjastinyd) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Third person plural singular plural nominative санныс (sannys) санъясныс (sanjasnys) accusative I* санныс (sannys) санъясныс (sanjasnys) II* саннысӧ (sannysö) санъяснысӧ (sanjasnysö) instrumental саннаныс (sannanys) санъяснаныс (sanjasnanys) comitative саннымкӧс (sannymkös) санъяснымкӧс (sanjasnymkös) caritive сантӧгныс (santögnys) санъястӧгныс (sanjastögnys) consecutive саннысла (sannysla) санъяснысла (sanjasnysla) genitive санныслӧн (sannyslön) санъясныслӧн (sanjasnyslön) ablative санныслысь (sannyslyś) санъясныслысь (sanjasnyslyś) dative санныслы (sannysly) санъясныслы (sanjasnysly) inessive сананыс (sananys) санъясаныс (sanjasanys) elative сансьыныс (sanśynys) санъяссьыныс (sanjasśynys) illative сананыс (sananys) санъясаныс (sanjasanys) egressive сансяньныс (sanśańnys) санъяссяньныс (sanjasśańnys) approximative санланьныс (sanlańnys) санъясланьныс (sanjaslańnys) terminative санӧдзныс (sanödźnys) санъясӧдзныс (sanjasödźnys) prolative I санӧдныс (sanödnys) санъясӧдныс (sanjasödnys) II сантіныс (santinys) санъястіныс (sanjastinys) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.

• латшӧг (lačög)

• Anu-Reet Hauzenberg (1972) Названия животных в коми языке [Names of animals in the Komi language], Tallinn: Estonian Academy of Sciences, page 38
• L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 573

сан • (san)

1. member
2. limb (body part)

сан • (san)

1. quality

• Бамматов Б.Г., editor (2013), “сан”, in Кумыкско-русский словарь [Kumyk–Russian dictionary], Makhachkala: ИЯЛИ ДНЦ РАН

From Proto-Turkic *sā-n (“number”), from Proto-Turkic *sā- (“to count”). Compare to Kazakh сан (san), Shor сан, etc.

• IPA^(key): /sɑn/
• Hyphenation: сан (one syllable)

сан • (san) (Arabic spelling سان)

1. number

• санарип (sanarip)

• саноо (sanoo)

From Proto-Mordvinic *san, from Proto-Uralic *sëne. Cognates include Erzya сан (san).

• IPA^(key): /ˈsan/
• Rhymes: -an
• Hyphenation: сан

сан • (san)

1. (anatomy) tendon, sinew

Declension of сан
		singular	plural
nominative (...)		сан san	сатт satt
genitive (of ...)		санонь sanoń
dative (to ...)		санонди sanońďi
comparative (like ...)		саншка sanška
ablative (than ...)		санда sanda
lative (into ...)		сану sanu
illative (into ...)		санц sanc
inessive (in ...)		санца sanca
elative (out of ...)		санцта sancta
prolative (through ...)		санга sanga
causative (for ...)		санонкса sanonksa
translative (becoming ...)		санкс sanks
abessive (without ...)		санфтома sanftoma

Definite declension of сан
		singular	plural
nominative (...)		сансь sańś	сантне sańťńe
genitive (of ...)		санть sańť	сантнень sańťńeń
dative (to ...)		санти sańťi	сантненди sańťńeńďi

• V. I. Shchankina (1993) “сан”, in Мокшень-рузонь валкс [Moksha-Russian dictionary], Saransk: MKI, →ISBN, page 137

• IPA^(key): /saŋ/

Usually taken to be an old loan from Chinese 倉／仓 (cāng, “granary”).

Found already in Middle Mongol, but not reconstructable for Proto-Mongolic.

сан • (san) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠠᠩ (sang)); (hidden-g declension)

1. treasury
2. treasure
3. fund
4. store, storehouse
5. shop

From Tibetan བསངས་ (bsangs).

сан • (san) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠠᠩ (sang)); (hidden-g declension)

1. (Buddhism) A kind of smoke ritual in which incense or juniper branches are burnt.

   Hypernym: зан үйл (zan üjl)

• хүж (xüž, “incense”)
• арц (arc, “juniper”)

From Proto-Turkic *sā-. Cognate to Karakalpak san, etc.

сан • (san)

1. number

• N. A. Baskakov, S.A Kalmykov, editor (1963), “сан”, in Nogajsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Nogai-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: karačajevo-čerkesskij naučno- issledovatelʹskij institut jazyka, literatury i istorii, →ISBN

From Proto-Turkic *sā-n (“number”), from Proto-Turkic *sā- (“to count”).

сан • (san)

1. number

* Кумандинско-Русский Словарь

From Old Church Slavonic санъ (sanŭ) (u-stem), probably of Oghur origin. Cognate with Turkish san (“reputation”), Turkmen san (“account”), Kazakh санау (sanau, “count”), Tatar san (“number”) and akin to dial. Turkish sаnаmаk (“to take into account”), Uzbek sanamoq (“to count”) from Proto-Turkic *sā(j)- (“to count, to determine”).

• IPA^(key): [san]
• Rhymes: -an

сан • (san) m inan (genitive са́на, nominative plural саны́, genitive plural сано́в)

1. religious title/order/rank, dignity

   Synonym: чин (čin)

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сан”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “сан”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 138

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súpnas, from Proto-Indo-European *supnós.

• IPA^(key): /sân/

са̏н m (Latin spelling sȁn)

1. sleep
2. dream

   Шта си видела у том сну? ― What did you see in that dream?

   • 1993, Бајага и Инструктори (lyrics and music), “Ово је Балкан”, in Бајага и Инструктори (lyrics), Музика на струју‎^[2], performed by Бајага и Инструктори, Продукција Стиг:

     Ово је овде Балкан,
     Земља из сна,
     Између моћних сила
     Добра и зла.

     This here is the Balkans
     A land from dreams
     Between powerful forces
     Good and evil.

• “сан”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

From Proto-Turkic *sā-n (“number”), from Proto-Turkic *sā- (“to count”).

сан • (san)

1. number

From Proto-Turkic *sān. Cognate with Kazakh сан (san), Kyrgyz сан (san), Crimean Tatar san, Kumyk сан (san, “limp”), Tatar сан (san, “limp”), etc.

сан • (san)

1. thigh

From Proto-Turkic *sā-n. Cognate to Kyrgyz сан (san), Kazakh сан (san), Kumyk сан (san), etc.

сан • (san)

1. number

• сагыш (sagïš)

• Radloff, Friedrich Wilhelm (1893–1911) Опыт словаря тюркских наречий – Versuch eines Wörterbuches der Türk-Dialecte [Attempt at a Lexicon of the Turkic Dialects] (overall work in German and Russian), Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 297
• Сравнительно-историческая, Грамматика Тюркских языков, Региональные Реконструкции, 267 pages.