из
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]из • (iz)
- in, through, around (a location)
- (archaic or dialectal, except in idioms) from, out of
- вали́ като́ из ведро́
- valí kató iz vedró
- it's raining cats and dogs
- (literally, “it's raining as if from a bucket”)
- из ден в ден
- iz den v den
- (1) every day, continuously; (2) day by day, more each day
- (literally, “from day to day”)
- (archaic or dated) along, by (a location)
Anagrams
[edit]- из- (iz-)
Ingush
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]из • (iz)
Declension
[edit]Ingush personal pronouns | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
Nominative | со (so) | хьо (ḥʳo) | из (iz) | |
Genitive | са (sa) | хьа (ḥʳa) | цун (cun) | |
Dative | со̄на (soona) | хьо̄на (ḥʳoona) | цунна (cunna) | |
Ergative | а̄з (aaz) | ӏа (ˀa) | цо̄ (coo) | |
Allative | со̄га (sooga) | хьо̄га (ḥʳooga) | цунга (cunga) | |
Ablative | со̄гара (soogara) | хьо̄гара (ḥʳoogara) | цунгара (cungara) | |
Instrumental | со̄ца (sooca) | хьо̄ца (ḥʳooca) | цунца (cunca) | |
Lative | сох (sox) | хьох (ḥʳox) | цунах (cunax) | |
Comparative | сол (sol) | хьол (ḥʳol) | цул (cul) | |
Plural | 1st person (excl) | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
Nominative | тхо (txo) | шо (šo) | уж (už) | |
Genitive | тха (txa) | шун (šun) | ца̄р (caar) | |
Dative | тхо̄на (txoona) | шоана (šoana) | ца̄рна (caarna) | |
Ergative | оаха (oaxa) | оаш (oaš) | ца̄ра (caara) | |
Allative | тхо̄га (txooga) | шуга (šuga) | ца̄рга (caarga) | |
Ablative | тхо̄гара (txoogara) | шугара (šugara) | ца̄ргара (caargara) | |
Instrumental | тхо̄ца (txooca) | шуца (šuca) | ца̄рца (caarca) | |
Lative | тхох (txox) | шух (šux) | ца̄рех (caarex) | |
Comparative | тхол (txol) | шул (šul) | ца̄рел (caarel) | |
Plural | 1st person (incl) | |||
Nominative | вай (vaj) | |||
Genitive | вай (vaj) | |||
Dative | вайна (vajna) | |||
Ergative | вай (vaj) | |||
Allative | вайга (vajga) | |||
Ablative | вайгара (vajgara) | |||
Instrumental | вайца (vajca) | |||
Lative | вайх (vajx) | |||
Comparative | вайл (vajl) | |||
An exclusive form is a form that excludes the person being addressed. An inclusive form is a form that includes the person being addressed. |
References
[edit]- Nichols, Johanna B. (2004) “из”, in Ingush–English and English–Ingush Dictionary, London and New York: Routledge, page 17
Komi-Permyak
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Permic *iz. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian из (iz).
Noun
[edit]из • (iz)
Komi-Yazva
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Permic *iz. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian из (iz), Komi-Permyak из (iz) and Udmurt из (iz).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]из (iz)
References
[edit]- A. S. Lobanova, K. S. Kichigina (2012) Русско-Коми-язьвинский словарь [Russian-Komi-Yazva dictionary] (overall work in Russian), Perm: ПГГПУ, →ISBN, page 126
- V. I. Lytkin (1961) Коми-язьвинский диалект [The Komi-Yazva dialect] (overall work in Russian), Moscow: Издательство Академии наук СССР, page 118
Komi-Zyrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Permic *iz. Cognates include Komi-Permyak из (iz).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]из • (iz)
Declension
[edit]Declension of из (stem: изй-) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | из (iz) | изъяс (izjas) | |
accusative | I* | из (iz) | изъяс (izjas) |
II* | изйӧс (izjös) | изъясӧс (izjasös) | |
instrumental | изйӧн (izjön) | изъясӧн (izjasön) | |
comitative | изкӧд (izköd) | изъяскӧд (izjasköd) | |
caritive | изтӧг (iztög) | изъястӧг (izjastög) | |
consecutive | изла (izla) | изъясла (izjasla) | |
genitive | излӧн (izlön) | изъяслӧн (izjaslön) | |
ablative | излысь (izlyś) | изъяслысь (izjaslyś) | |
dative | излы (izly) | изъяслы (izjasly) | |
inessive | изйын (izjyn) | изъясын (izjasyn) | |
elative | изйысь (izjyś) | изъясысь (izjasyś) | |
illative | изйӧ (izjö) | изъясӧ (izjasö) | |
egressive | изсянь (izśań) | изъяссянь (izjasśań) | |
approximative | излань (izlań) | изъяслань (izjaslań) | |
terminative | изйӧдз (izjödź) | изъясӧдз (izjasödź) | |
prolative | I | изйӧд (izjöd) | изъясӧд (izjasöd) |
II | изті (izti) | изъясті (izjasti) | |
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. |
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References
[edit]- Bubrikh, Dmitry V. (1949) Грамматика литературного коми языка [Grammar of the literary Komi language] (in Russian), Leningrad: Zhdanov Leningrad State University, page 31
- L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 235
Kyrgyz
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *īŕ. Compare to Southern Altai ис (is), Turkish iz.
Noun
[edit]из • (iz)
Old Church Slavonic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *jьz, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, *h₁eǵʰs. Cognate with Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian and Slovene iz, Russian из (iz).
Preposition
[edit]из • (iz)
Russian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- изъ (iz) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
- и́зо (ízo) (before certain consonant clusters)
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, *h₁eǵʰs.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [ɪz] (before vowels and voiced consonants)
- IPA(key): [ɪs] (before voiceless consonants)
- IPA(key): [ˈiz] (when stressed, before vowels and voiced consonants)
- IPA(key): [ˈis] (when stressed, before voiceless consonants)
Audio: (file)
Preposition
[edit]- from
- out of
- of, through
- из не́нависти
- iz nénavisti
- through hatred
Related terms
[edit]Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz, from Proto-Indo-European *eḱs (“out of”), *eǵʰs, *h₁eǵʰs.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]и̏з (Latin spelling ȉz)
- from, out of [with genitive]
- Петар је из Подгорице. ― Petar is from Podgorica.
- изаћи из собе ― to go out of the room
- piti iz čaše ― to drink from a glass
- доћи из Америке ― to come from America
- Used in miscellaneous expressions that refer to some source or origin; for, because of, out of [with genitive]
- из навике ― out of habit
- из непознатог разлога ― for whatever reason
- из љубави ― out of love
- из искуства ― from experience
- из прикрајка ― stealthily
- из страха ― from fear
- испит из математике ― math test (literally, “test out of math”)
- семинар из биологије ― biology seminar
- (colloquial, regional) (+ instrumental case) with, together with, along with
- ići iz njim ― to go with him
Udmurt
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Permic *iz. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian из (iz), Komi-Permyak из (iz) and Komi-Yazva из (iz).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]из • (iz)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | из iz |
изъёс izjos |
accusative | изэз izez |
изъёсыз izjosyz |
genitive | излэн izlen |
изъёслэн izjoslen |
dative | излы izly |
изъёслы izjosly |
ablative | излэсь izleś |
изъёслэсь izjosleś |
instrumental | изэн izen |
изъёсын izjosyn |
abessive | изтэк iztek |
изъёстэк izjostek |
adverbial | изъя izja |
изъёсъя izjosja |
inessive | изын izyn |
изъёсын izjosyn |
illative | изэ ize |
изъёсы izjosy |
elative | изысь izyś |
изъёсысь izjosyś |
egressive | изысьен izyśjen |
изъёсысьен izjosyśjen |
terminative | изозь izoź |
изъёсозь izjosoź |
prolative | изэтӥ izeti |
изъёсытӥ izjosyti |
allative | излань izlań |
изъёслань izjoslań |
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | измы izmy |
изъёсмы izjosmy |
accusative | измэс izmes |
изъёсмес izjosmes |
genitive | измылэн izmylen |
изъёсмылэн izjosmylen |
dative | измылы izmyly |
изъёсмылы izjosmyly |
ablative | измылэсь izmyleś |
изъёсмылэсь izjosmyleś |
instrumental | изэнымы izenymy |
изъёсынымы izjosynymy |
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | изды izdy |
изъёсты izjosty |
accusative | издэс izdes |
изъёстэс izjostes |
genitive | издылэн izdylen |
изъёстылэн izjostylen |
dative | издылы izdyly |
изъёстылы izjostyly |
ablative | издылэсь izdyleś |
изъёстылэсь izjostyleś |
instrumental | изэныды izenydy |
изъёсыныды izjosynydy |
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | иззы izzy |
изъёссы izjossy |
accusative | иззэс izzes |
изъёссэс izjosses |
genitive | иззылэн izzylen |
изъёссылэн izjossylen |
dative | иззылы izzyly |
изъёссылы izjossyly |
ablative | иззылэсь izzyleś |
изъёссылэсь izjossyleś |
instrumental | изэнызы izenyzy |
изъёсынызы izjosynyzy |
Derived terms
[edit]- изо (izo)
References
[edit]- L. E. Kirillova, L. L. Karpova, editors (2008), “из”, in Удмурт-ӟуч кыллюкам [Udmurt-Russian dictionary], Izhevsk: Удмуртский институт истории, языка и литературы УрО РАН, →ISBN, page 248
- T. V. Voronova, T. A. Poyarkova, editor (2012), Удмурт-ӟуч, ӟуч-удмурт кыллюкам [Udmurt-Russian, Russian-Udmurt dictionary] (overall work in Russian), Izhevsk: Книжное издательство «Удмуртия», →ISBN, page 28
- Yrjö Wichmann, Toivo Emil Uotila (1987) Mikko Korhonen, editor, Wotjakischer Wortschatz [Votyak Vocabulary] (Lexica Societatis Fenno-Ugricae; Volume 21) (overall work in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 68
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian prepositions
- Bulgarian terms with usage examples
- Bulgarian terms with archaic senses
- Bulgarian dialectal terms
- Bulgarian dated terms
- Ingush terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ingush lemmas
- Ingush pronouns
- Ingush personal pronouns
- Komi-Permyak terms inherited from Proto-Permic
- Komi-Permyak terms derived from Proto-Permic
- Komi-Permyak lemmas
- Komi-Permyak nouns
- Komi-Yazva terms inherited from Proto-Permic
- Komi-Yazva terms derived from Proto-Permic
- Komi-Yazva terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Komi-Yazva/iz
- Rhymes:Komi-Yazva/iz/1 syllable
- Komi-Yazva lemmas
- Komi-Yazva nouns
- Komi-Zyrian terms inherited from Proto-Permic
- Komi-Zyrian terms derived from Proto-Permic
- Komi-Zyrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Komi-Zyrian lemmas
- Komi-Zyrian nouns
- kpv:Geology
- Kyrgyz terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Kyrgyz terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Kyrgyz lemmas
- Kyrgyz nouns
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic lemmas
- Old Church Slavonic prepositions
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Russian 1-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian terms with audio pronunciation
- Russian lemmas
- Russian prepositions
- Russian terms with usage examples
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian prepositions
- Serbo-Croatian terms with usage examples
- Serbo-Croatian colloquialisms
- Regional Serbo-Croatian
- Udmurt terms inherited from Proto-Permic
- Udmurt terms derived from Proto-Permic
- Udmurt terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Udmurt/iz
- Rhymes:Udmurt/iz/1 syllable
- Udmurt lemmas
- Udmurt nouns