[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/Jump to content

-lik

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: lik, lík, and -lık

Afrikaans

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Dutch -lijk. False cognate of Turkish -lik.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • Audio:(file)

Suffix

[edit]

-lik

  1. Forming adjectives from nouns with the sense of ‘characteristic of, pertaining to’.

Derived terms

[edit]

Azerbaijani

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Cognate with Turkish -lik (-ness).

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): [lic], [liç], [lih], [lij]

Suffix

[edit]
preceding vowel
A / I E / Ə / İ O / U Ö / Ü
-lıq -lik -luq -lük

-lik

  1. used to derive abstract nouns from adjectives; -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom, -ity
    gözəl (beautiful) + ‎-lik → ‎gözəllik (beauty)
    ölməz (immortal) + ‎-lik → ‎ölməzlik (immortality)
    boş (empty) + ‎-lik → ‎boşluq (emptiness)
  2. used to derive abstract nouns from nouns; -ship
    üzv (member) + ‎-lik → ‎üzvlük (membership)
    dost (friend) + ‎-lik → ‎dostluq (friendship)
  3. used to derive nouns denoting work/jobs from nouns denoting professions
    müəllim (teacher) + ‎-lik → ‎müəllimlik (teaching, the work of a teacher)
    qəssab (butcher) + ‎-lik → ‎qəssablıq (butchery, the trade of a butcher)
  4. used to derive nouns denoting items containing something; -ory
    söz (word) + ‎-lik → ‎sözlük (word-list; dictionary)
    öd (gall) + ‎-lik → ‎ödlük (gall bladder)
    ox (arrow) + ‎-lik → ‎oxluq (quiver)
  5. used to derive nouns denoting places characterized by abundance of something from nouns
    ağac (tree) + ‎-lik → ‎ağaclıq (a treey place, a place with many trees)
    kölgə (shadow) + ‎-lik → ‎kölgəlik (a shady place)
    ilan (snake) + ‎-lik → ‎ilanlıq (a place full of snake)
    bataq (swamp) + ‎-lik → ‎bataqlıq (a swampy place)
    ocaq (hearth) + ‎-lik → ‎ocaqlıq (hearthstead)
  6. used to derive adjectives from nouns; -ly
    ay (month) + ‎-lik → ‎aylıq (monthly)
    torba (bag) + ‎-lik → ‎torbalıq (intended to be used for sewing bags)
    dağ (mountain) + ‎-lik → ‎dağlıq (mountainous)
    beş nəfər (five people) + ‎-lik → ‎beş nəfərlik (intended for five people)
  7. used to derive temporal adverbs from temporal adverbs and nouns; for
    hələ (still) + ‎-lik → ‎hələlik (yet, still, for the time being)
    həmişə (always) + ‎-lik → ‎həmişəlik (for ever, permanently)
    ömür (lifetime) + ‎-lik → ‎ömürlük (for life)
  8. (non-productive) used to derive nouns denoting kinship other than by blood; step-
    Synonym: ögey
    ata (father) + ‎-lik → ‎atalıq (stepfather)
    ana (mother) + ‎-lik → ‎analıq (step-mother)
    oğul (son) + ‎-lik → ‎oğulluq (stepson)
    qız (daughter) + ‎-lik → ‎qızlıq (stepdaughter)
    bacı (sister) + ‎-lik → ‎bacılıq (stepsister)
  9. (non-productive) used to derive nouns denoting clothing items
    baş (head) + ‎-lik → ‎başlıq (bashlyk, hood)
    gəlin (bride) + ‎-lik → ‎gəlinlik (wedding dress)
    bazar (market; Sunday) + ‎-lik → ‎bazarlıq (bride's garments)

Usage notes

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]

Crimean Tatar

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *-lik.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]

-lik

  1. -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom
    genç (young) + ‎-lik → ‎gençlik (youngness)
    dost (friend) + ‎-lik → ‎dostluq (friendship)
    ür (free) + ‎-lik → ‎ürlük (freedom)
  2. being (like) ...
    dağ (mountain) + ‎-lik → ‎dağlıq (mountainous)
  3. belonging to ..., used for ..., suitable for ..., ... container
    qave (coffee) + ‎-lik → ‎qavelik (coffee pot)

Usage notes

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]

Estonian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From Germanic -līk?”)

Suffix

[edit]

-lik (genitive -liku, partitive -likku, comparative -likum, superlative kõige -likum)

  1. -ly, -ic, -al - forms adjectives from nouns or verbs.

Declension

[edit]
Declension of -lik (ÕS type 25/õnnelik, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative -lik -likud
accusative nom.
gen. -liku
genitive -like
-likkude
partitive -likku -likke
-likkusid
illative -likku
-likusse
-likesse
-likkudesse
inessive -likus -likes
-likkudes
elative -likust -likest
-likkudest
allative -likule -likele
-likkudele
adessive -likul -likel
-likkudel
ablative -likult -likelt
-likkudelt
translative -likuks -likeks
-likkudeks
terminative -likuni -likeni
-likkudeni
essive -likuna -likena
-likkudena
abessive -likuta -liketa
-likkudeta
comitative -likuga -likega
-likkudega

Derived terms

[edit]

Greenlandic

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]

-lik (n-n?, truncative?)

  1. having, provided with, owning

Derived terms

[edit]

References

[edit]

Hungarian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From -l (verb-forming suffix) +‎ -ik (verb-forming suffix).[1]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]

-lik

  1. (frequentative-reflexive verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun or adjective to form a verb.

Usage notes

[edit]
  • (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -lik is added to both back-vowel and front-vowel words.
    kék (blue) + ‎-lik → ‎kéklik (to appear blue)
    hanyatt (on one's back) + ‎-lik → ‎hanyatlik (to decline, fall, deteriorate)
    -llik is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á. Final -e changes to -é.
    barna (brown) + ‎-llik → ‎barnállik (to appear in brown color)
    fekete (black) + ‎-llik → ‎feketéllik (to appear in black color)
    -allik is added to back-vowel words
    nyíl (arrow) + ‎-allik → ‎nyilallik ((of pain) to stab, to feel like a dagger)
    -ollik is added to some back-vowel words
    torok (throat) + ‎-ollik → ‎torkollik (to end in something)
    -ellik is added to front-vowel words
    szög (angle) + ‎-ellik → ‎szögellik (to stretch out at an angle)

Derived terms

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ -lik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

K'iche'

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]

-lik

  1. Forms adjectives from verbs
    li’ (to roll out dough)li’lik (flat)
    oq’etaj (to cry for something)oq’talik (cried for)
    muqtajik (to cover)muqtalik (buried)
  2. Forms adjectives from nouns
    jäb (rain)jäbalik (watered)
    kotokik (turn; bend)kotolik (coiled)

References

[edit]

Middle English

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]

-lik

  1. Alternative form of -ly (adjectival suffix)

Etymology 2

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]

-lik

  1. Alternative form of -ly (adverbial suffix)

Swedish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From the adjective lik (similar).

Suffix

[edit]

-lik

  1. -like, -ish
    Synonyms: -artad, -aktig

Derived terms

[edit]

Anagrams

[edit]

Turkish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـلك (-lik), from Proto-Turkic *-lik.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]
preceding vowel
A / I E / İ O / U Ö / Ü
-lık -lik -luk -lük

-lik

  1. -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom
    genç (young) + ‎-lik → ‎gençlik (youth)
    anne (mother) + ‎-lik → ‎annelik (motherhood)
    üye (member) + ‎-lik → ‎üyelik (membership)
    kral (king) + ‎-lik → ‎krallık (kingdom)
    özgür (free) + ‎-lik → ‎özgürlük (freedom)
  2. being (like) ...
    aydın (bright) + ‎-lik → ‎aydınlık (enlightenment; being lit up or brightened)
    dağ (mountain) + ‎-lik → ‎dağlık (mountainous)
  3. belonging to ..., used for ..., suitable for ..., ... container
    salça (sauce) + ‎-lik → ‎salçalık (sauceboat; suitable for making a sauce)
    kalem (pencil) + ‎-lik → ‎kalemlik (pencil case)
  4. Lasting for a period of time
    beş dakikalık bir videoa five-minute-long video
  5. old
    üç aylık bebeka three-month-old baby
  6. (uncommon) year-old
    on iki'lik kıztwelve-year-old girl

Usage notes

[edit]
  • Used with nouns or adjectives and may yield a noun or adjective. Often found appended to verbal nouns. For example, the verb atıştırmak (to snack) yields atıştırma (snacking) and thus atıştırmalık, which can mean both “snack” and “suitable for snacking”.

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
  • Greek: -λίκι (-líki)

Uzbek

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited from Chagatai ـلیق (-lıq), ـلیک (-lik), ـلوق (-luq), ـلوک (-lük), from Proto-Turkic *-lik.

Suffix

[edit]

-lik

  1. -ness
  2. Suffix forming various demonyms.

Derived terms

[edit]