-taa
Appearance
See also: Appendix:Variations of "taa"
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *-tadak, from Proto-Uralic *-ta- (verbalizer).
Suffix
[edit]-taa (front vowel harmony variant -tää, stem -ta-, linguistic notation -tA- or -tAA)
- Forms causative verbs from verbs.
- Forms factitive verbs from nouns and adjectives.
- aineellinen (“corporeal”) + -taa → aineellistaa (“materialize”)
- askel (“step”) + -taa → askeltaa (“to step, to tread”)
- hidas (“slow”) + -taa → hidastaa (“to slow”)
- kaksinkertainen (“double”) + -taa → kaksinkertaistaa (“to double”)
- rakas (“love”) + -taa → rakastaa (“to love”)
- toinen (“second”) + -taa → toistaa (“to repeat”)
- valmis (“prepared”) + -taa → valmistaa (“to prepare”)
- veitsi (“knife”) + -taa → veistää (“to whittle”)
Usage notes
[edit]Used mainly on monosyllabic and consonant-stem roots. On bisyllabic vowel-stem roots, -ta is more common. Trisyllabic nominals ending in -la, -lä, -ra, -rä usually adopt a consonant stem (e.g. hämärä: hämärtää, kihara: kihartaa).
Conjugation
[edit]The conjugation may be any of conjugation classes 53 (muistaa, the most common), 54 (huutaa), 55 (soutaa), 57 (saartaa) or rarely 56 (kaivaa).
Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *-tadak. Cognates include Finnish -taa.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-taa (front vowel variant -tää)
- Used to form factitive verbs.
Conjugation
[edit]Note: Actual gradation depends on the preceding consonant.
Conjugation of -taa (type 3/kyntää, t- gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -an | en -a | 1st singular | oon -tant, oon -tanut | en oo -tant, en oo -tanut |
2nd singular | -at | et -a | 2nd singular | oot -tant, oot -tanut | et oo -tant, et oo -tanut |
3rd singular | -taa | ei -a | 3rd singular | ono -tant, ono -tanut | ei oo -tant, ei oo -tanut |
1st plural | -amma | emmä -a | 1st plural | oomma -taneet | emmä oo -taneet |
2nd plural | -atta | että -a | 2nd plural | ootta -taneet | että oo -taneet |
3rd plural | -taat1), -tavat2), -etaa | evät -a, ei -eta | 3rd plural | ovat -taneet | evät oo -taneet, ei oo -ettu |
impersonal | -etaa | ei -eta | impersonal | ono -ettu | ei oo -ettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -sin | en -tant, en -tanut | 1st singular | olin -tant, olin -tanut | en olt -tant, en olt -tanut |
2nd singular | -sit | et -tant, et -tanut | 2nd singular | olit -tant, olit -tanut | et olt -tant, et olt -tanut |
3rd singular | -si | ei -tant, ei -tanut | 3rd singular | oli -tant, oli -tanut | ei olt -tant, ei olt -tanut |
1st plural | -simma | emmä -taneet | 1st plural | olimma -taneet | emmä olleet -taneet |
2nd plural | -sitta | että -taneet | 2nd plural | olitta -taneet | että olleet -taneet |
3rd plural | -siit1), -sivat2), -ettii | evät -taneet, ei -ettu | 3rd plural | olivat -taneet | evät olleet -taneet, ei olt -ettu |
impersonal | -ettii | ei -ettu | impersonal | oli -ettu | ei olt -ettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -taisin | en -tais | 1st singular | olisin -tant, olisin -tanut | en olis -tant, en olis -tanut |
2nd singular | -taisit, -taist1) | et -tais | 2nd singular | olisit -tant, olisit -tanut | et olis -tant, et olis -tanut |
3rd singular | -tais | ei -tais | 3rd singular | olis -tant, olis -tanut | ei olis -tant, ei olis -tanut |
1st plural | -taisimma | emmä -tais | 1st plural | olisimma -taneet | emmä olis -taneet |
2nd plural | -taisitta | että -tais | 2nd plural | olisitta -taneet | että olis -taneet |
3rd plural | -taisiit1), -taisivat2), -ettais | evät -tais, ei -ettais | 3rd plural | olisivat -taneet | evät olis -taneet, ei olis -ettu |
impersonal | -ettais | ei -ettais | impersonal | olis -ettu | ei olis -ettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | -a | elä -a | 2nd singular | oo -tant, oo -tanut | elä oo -tant, elä oo -tanut |
3rd singular | -takoo | elköö -tako | 3rd singular | olkoo -tant, olkoo -tanut | elköö olko -tant, elköö olko -tanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | -takaa | elkää -tako | 2nd plural | olkaa -taneet | elkää olko -taneet |
3rd plural | -takoot | elkööt -tako, elköö -ettako | 3rd plural | olkoot -taneet | elkööt olko -taneet, elköö olko -ettu |
impersonal | -ettakkoo | elköö -ettako | impersonal | olkoo -ettu | elköö olko -ettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | -tanen | en -tane | |||
2nd singular | -tanet | et -tane | |||
3rd singular | -tanoo | ei -tane | |||
1st plural | -tanemma | emmä -tane | |||
2nd plural | -tanetta | että -tane | |||
3rd plural | -tanoot | evät -tane, ei -ettane | |||
impersonal | -ettannoo | ei -ettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | -taa | present | -tava | -ettava | |
2nd | inessive | -tajees | past | -tant, -tanut | -ettu |
instructive | -taen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-takaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | -tamaa | |||
inessive | -tamaas | ||||
elative | -tamast | ||||
abessive | -tamata | ||||
4th | nominative | -tamiin | |||
partitive | -tamista, -tamist |
Conjugation of -taa (type 2/kirjuttaa, t- gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -an | en -a | 1st singular | oon -tant, oon -tanut | en oo -tant, en oo -tanut |
2nd singular | -at | et -a | 2nd singular | oot -tant, oot -tanut | et oo -tant, et oo -tanut |
3rd singular | -taa | ei -a | 3rd singular | ono -tant, ono -tanut | ei oo -tant, ei oo -tanut |
1st plural | -amma | emmä -a | 1st plural | oomma -taneet | emmä oo -taneet |
2nd plural | -atta | että -a | 2nd plural | ootta -taneet | että oo -taneet |
3rd plural | -taat1), -tavat2), -ettaa | evät -a, ei -eta | 3rd plural | ovat -taneet | evät oo -taneet, ei oo -ettu |
impersonal | -ettaa | ei -eta | impersonal | ono -ettu | ei oo -ettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -in | en -tant, en -tanut | 1st singular | olin -tant, olin -tanut | en olt -tant, en olt -tanut |
2nd singular | -it | et -tant, et -tanut | 2nd singular | olit -tant, olit -tanut | et olt -tant, et olt -tanut |
3rd singular | -ti | ei -tant, ei -tanut | 3rd singular | oli -tant, oli -tanut | ei olt -tant, ei olt -tanut |
1st plural | -imma | emmä -taneet | 1st plural | olimma -taneet | emmä olleet -taneet |
2nd plural | -itta | että -taneet | 2nd plural | olitta -taneet | että olleet -taneet |
3rd plural | -tiit1), -tivat2), -ettii | evät -taneet, ei -ettu | 3rd plural | olivat -taneet | evät olleet -taneet, ei olt -ettu |
impersonal | -ettii | ei -ettu | impersonal | oli -ettu | ei olt -ettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -taisin | en -tais | 1st singular | olisin -tant, olisin -tanut | en olis -tant, en olis -tanut |
2nd singular | -taisit, -taist1) | et -tais | 2nd singular | olisit -tant, olisit -tanut | et olis -tant, et olis -tanut |
3rd singular | -tais | ei -tais | 3rd singular | olis -tant, olis -tanut | ei olis -tant, ei olis -tanut |
1st plural | -taisimma | emmä -tais | 1st plural | olisimma -taneet | emmä olis -taneet |
2nd plural | -taisitta | että -tais | 2nd plural | olisitta -taneet | että olis -taneet |
3rd plural | -taisiit1), -taisivat2), -ettais | evät -tais, ei -ettais | 3rd plural | olisivat -taneet | evät olis -taneet, ei olis -ettu |
impersonal | -ettais | ei -ettais | impersonal | olis -ettu | ei olis -ettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | -a | elä -a | 2nd singular | oo -tant, oo -tanut | elä oo -tant, elä oo -tanut |
3rd singular | -takoo | elköö -tako | 3rd singular | olkoo -tant, olkoo -tanut | elköö olko -tant, elköö olko -tanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | -takaa | elkää -tako | 2nd plural | olkaa -taneet | elkää olko -taneet |
3rd plural | -takoot | elkööt -tako, elköö -ettako | 3rd plural | olkoot -taneet | elkööt olko -taneet, elköö olko -ettu |
impersonal | -ettakoo | elköö -ettako | impersonal | olkoo -ettu | elköö olko -ettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | -tanen | en -tane | |||
2nd singular | -tanet | et -tane | |||
3rd singular | -tanoo | ei -tane | |||
1st plural | -tanemma | emmä -tane | |||
2nd plural | -tanetta | että -tane | |||
3rd plural | -tanoot | evät -tane, ei -ettane | |||
impersonal | -ettanoo | ei -ettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | -taa | present | -tava | -ettava | |
2nd | inessive | -tajees | past | -tant, -tanut | -ettu |
instructive | -taen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-takaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | -tamaa | |||
inessive | -tamaas | ||||
elative | -tamast | ||||
abessive | -tamata | ||||
4th | nominative | -tamiin | |||
partitive | -tamista, -tamist |
Derived terms
[edit]Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish suffixes
- Finnish verb-forming suffixes
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian suffixes