vadelma
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First attested as faderma in 1637 (Schroderus; modern spelling vaderma, which is itself attested later); -lm- is first attested (as fadelma) in 1786 (Ganander) and could be by influence from words like hedelmä as well as the metathesis valerma > varelma. The -e- is likely secondary, as the word, through older *vadarma, can be connected with Proto-Finnic *vabarna; the *-d- is by influence with vatukka and may have further been reinforced by the loss of *b (as is the form *vagarma seen in Karelian vakarmo, possibly by analogy with words like *pagaccama → paatsama).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]vadelma
Declension
[edit]Inflection of vadelma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | vadelma | vadelmat | |
genitive | vadelman | vadelmien | |
partitive | vadelmaa | vadelmia | |
illative | vadelmaan | vadelmiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vadelma | vadelmat | |
accusative | nom. | vadelma | vadelmat |
gen. | vadelman | ||
genitive | vadelman | vadelmien vadelmain rare | |
partitive | vadelmaa | vadelmia | |
inessive | vadelmassa | vadelmissa | |
elative | vadelmasta | vadelmista | |
illative | vadelmaan | vadelmiin | |
adessive | vadelmalla | vadelmilla | |
ablative | vadelmalta | vadelmilta | |
allative | vadelmalle | vadelmille | |
essive | vadelmana | vadelmina | |
translative | vadelmaksi | vadelmiksi | |
abessive | vadelmatta | vadelmitta | |
instructive | — | vadelmin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]compounds
Further reading
[edit]- “vadelma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04