sostenir

Catalan

Alternative forms

sostindre

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan sostenir, from Latin sustinēre, with normal change of conjugation to -ir. Compare Occitan sostenir, French soutenir.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central) [sus.təˈni]
IPA^(key): (Balearic) [sos.təˈni]
IPA^(key): (Valencia) [sos.teˈniɾ]

Verb

sostenir (first-person singular present sostinc, first-person singular preterite sostinguí, past participle sostingut); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /e/

(transitive) to sustain, bear, hold up
(transitive) to defend, uphold
(transitive, figurative) to support, back up
(pronominal) to stand up
(pronominal, figurative) to remain

Conjugation

Conjugation of sostenir (third conjugation, without -eix-, irregular, with velar infix)

person		singular			plural
infinitive			sostenir
gerund			sostenint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		sostingut		sostinguda
		plural		sostinguts		sostingudes
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	sostinc	sostens	sosté	sostenim	sosteniu	sostenen
	imperfect	sostenia	sostenies	sostenia	sosteníem	sosteníeu	sostenien
	future	sostindré	sostindràs	sostindrà	sostindrem	sostindreu	sostindran
	preterite	sostinguí	sostingueres	sostingué	sostinguérem	sostinguéreu	sostingueren
	conditional	sostindria	sostindries	sostindria	sostindríem	sostindríeu	sostindrien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	sostingui	sostinguis	sostingui	sostinguem	sostingueu	sostinguin
	imperfect	sostingués	sostinguessis	sostingués	sostinguéssim	sostinguéssiu	sostinguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	sostén, sostingues	sostingui	sostinguem	sosteniu, sostingueu	sostinguin
	negative (no)	—	no sostinguis	no sostingui	no sostinguem	no sostingueu	no sostinguin

Derived terms

Related terms

tenir

References

“sostenir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Old French

Verb

sostenir

Alternative form of soustenir

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem sostien distinct from the unstressed stem sosten, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Conjugation of sostenir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		sostenir			avoir sostenu
gerund		en sostenant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		sostenant
past participle		sostenu
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	sostieng, sostien	sostiens	sostient	sostenons	sostenez	sostienent
	imperfect	sostenoie, sosteneie	sostenoies, sosteneies	sostenoit, sosteneit	sosteniiens, sosteniens	sosteniiez, sosteniez	sostenoient, sosteneient
	preterite	sostin	sostenis	sostint	sostenimes	sostenistes	sostindrent, sostinrent
	future	sostendrai	sostendras	sostendra	sostendrons	sostendroiz, sostendreiz, sostendrez	sostendront
	conditional	sostendroie, sostendreie	sostendroies, sostendreies	sostendroit, sostendreit	sostendriiens, sostendriens	sostendriiez, sostendriez	sostendroient, sostendreient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	sostiegne	sostiegnes	sostiegne	sostiegniens, sostiegnons	sostiegniez	sostiegnent
simple tenses	imperfect	sostenisse	sostenisses	sostenist	sostenissons, sostenissiens	sostenissoiz, sostenissez, sostenissiez	sostenissent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
imperative		—	sostien	—	sostenons	sostenez	—