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rumen

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Rumen, rúmen, rùmén, rūmen, and rumeň

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin rūmen.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rumen (plural rumina or rumens)

  1. The first compartment of the stomach of a cow or other ruminants.
    Synonyms: paunch, fack, fardingbag
    Hypernyms: compartment, tripe
    Coordinate terms: abomasum, omasum, reticulum
    • 2013 [1966], Robert E. Hungate, The Rumen and Its Microbes, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 162:
      In the newborn ruminant the abomasum is about as large as the rumen and remains relatively large as long as only milk is consumed (Brugnone, 1809). As the young ruminant consumes forages, the reticulum, and particularly the rumen, develop rapidly.
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Translations

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French

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin rūmen.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rumen m (plural rumens)

  1. rumen (stomach)

Further reading

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Friulian

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Adjective

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rumen

  1. Romanian

Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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    From Proto-Italic *roug(s)mən ~ *rug(s)mən, of somewhat disputed origin. Probably from the root of *rūgō +‎ -men, attested in ērūgō, rūctō (I belch) and rugiō (I roar, rumble, bray), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewg-, *h₁rewǵ- (to belch).[1]

    Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐρεύγομαι (ereúgomai, I spew out, discharge, belch, bellow), Old Armenian ործամ (orcam, I vomit, am nauseated), Proto-Germanic *reukaną (to smoke, emit vapor) (modern English reek).

    Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *sréwmn̥, from the root *srew- (to flow). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) See also Rōma and flūmen, which are sometimes hypothesized as from the same source.
    A third possibility is a relationship with Etruscan 𐌓𐌖𐌌 (rum, teat). If not coincidental, it may be equally likely that the Etruscan word was borrowed from Latin.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    rūmen n (genitive rūminis); third declension

    1. throat, gullet
    2. (anatomy) rumen (first stomach of a ruminant)

    Declension

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    Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

    singular plural
    nominative rūmen rūmina
    genitive rūminis rūminum
    dative rūminī rūminibus
    accusative rūmen rūmina
    ablative rūmine rūminibus
    vocative rūmen rūmina

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • Catalan: rumen
    • English: rumen

    References

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    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “-rūgō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 529
    • rumen”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • rumen in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • rumen in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

    Norwegian Nynorsk

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    rumen m (definite singular rumenen, indefinite plural rumenar, definite plural rumenane)

    1. (pre-2012) alternative form of rumenar

    Romanian

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    Etymology 1

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    Borrowed from French rumen.

    Noun

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    rumen n (plural rumene)

    1. rumen
    Declension
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    singular plural
    indefinite definite indefinite definite
    nominative-accusative rumen rumenul rumene rumenele
    genitive-dative rumen rumenului rumene rumenelor
    vocative rumenule rumenelor

    Etymology 2

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    Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic роумѣнъ (ruměnŭ), from Proto-Slavic *ruměnъ (ruddy). Compare Bulgarian румен (rumen), Serbo-Croatian rumen.

    Adjective

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    rumen m or n (feminine singular rumenă, masculine plural rumeni, feminine and neuter plural rumene)

    1. ruddy
    Declension
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    singular plural
    masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
    nominative-
    accusative
    indefinite rumen rumenă rumeni rumene
    definite rumenul rumena rumenii rumenele
    genitive-
    dative
    indefinite rumen rumene rumeni rumene
    definite rumenului rumenei rumenilor rumenelor

    Serbo-Croatian

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    Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ruměnъ.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /rǔmen/
    • Hyphenation: ru‧men

    Adjective

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    rùmen (Cyrillic spelling ру̀мен, definite rùmenī, comparative rumeniji)

    1. rosy, ruddy, pink
    2. reddish, red
    Declension
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    Further reading

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    • rumen”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

    Etymology 2

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    Nominalized from the previous sense.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /rûmeːn/
    • Hyphenation: ru‧men

    Noun

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    rȕmēn f (Cyrillic spelling ру̏ме̄н)

    1. (uncountable) rosiness
    Declension
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    Further reading

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    • rumen”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

    See also

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    Colors in Serbo-Croatian · boje / боје (layout · text)
         bijelбијел, beoбео      sivсив, sinjiсињи      crnцрн
                 crvenцрвен, rumenрумен              narandžastнаранџаст, narančastнаранчаст; smeđсмеђ, braonбраон              žutжут; žutжут
                 zelenзелен              zelenзелен             
                 tirkizanтиркизан, cijanцијан; tirkizanтиркизан              plavплав              modarмодар
                 ljubičastљубичаст; modarмодар, indigoиндиго              ljubičastљубичаст, magentaмагента; ljubičastљубичаст              ružičastружичаст, rozaроза

    Slovene

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-Slavic *ruměnъ.

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    rumȅn (comparative bȍlj rumȅn, superlative nȁjbolj rumȅn)

    1. yellow

    Inflection

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    The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
    Hard
    masculine feminine neuter
    nom. sing. rumèn rumêna rumêno
    singular
    masculine feminine neuter
    nominative rumèn ind
    rumêni def
    rumêna rumêno
    genitive rumênega rumêne rumênega
    dative rumênemu rumêni rumênemu
    accusative nominativeinan or
    genitive
    anim
    rumêno rumêno
    locative rumênem rumêni rumênem
    instrumental rumênim rumêno rumênim
    dual
    masculine feminine neuter
    nominative rumêna rumêni rumêni
    genitive rumênih rumênih rumênih
    dative rumênima rumênima rumênima
    accusative rumêna rumêni rumêni
    locative rumênih rumênih rumênih
    instrumental rumênima rumênima rumênima
    plural
    masculine feminine neuter
    nominative rumêni rumêne rumêna
    genitive rumênih rumênih rumênih
    dative rumênim rumênim rumênim
    accusative rumêne rumêne rumêna
    locative rumênih rumênih rumênih
    instrumental rumênimi rumênimi rumênimi

    Derived terms

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    See also

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    Colors in Slovene · barve (layout · text)
         bela      siva      črna
                 rdeča; škrlatna              oranžna; rjava              rumena; krem
                 svetlozelena, limeta              zelena             
                 sinja, cian; turkizna              azurna              modra
                 vijolična; indigo              magenta, fuksija; vijolična, lila              roza, rožnata

    Further reading

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    • rumen”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
    • rumen”, in Termania, Amebis
    • See also the general references

    Spanish

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    Noun

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    rumen m (plural rúmenes)

    1. rumen
      • 2022 November 10, María Teresa Paramio, “¿Es nueva la producción de alimentos en macrogranjas?”, in El País[2]:
        El amoniaco procede de las heces y la orina de los animales; el CO₂ de su respiración y el metano lo expulsan los rumiantes por la boca, no por las ventosidades, como se dice frecuentemente, debido a la fermentación de los alimentos en su rumen, que es una de las partes del aparato digestivo de los rumiantes.
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
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    See also

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