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plan

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: PLAN, Plan, plán, plån, plaň, pláň, and -plan

English

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French plan (a ground-plot of a building), from plan (flat), a later form of the vernacular plain, from Latin planus (flat, plane); see plain, plane.

Pronunciation

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  • enPR: plăn, IPA(key): /plæn/
  • (US regional) IPA(key): [plɛən]
    • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -æn

Noun

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plan (plural plans)

  1. A drawing showing technical details of a building, machine, etc., with unwanted details omitted, and often using symbols rather than detailed drawing to represent doors, valves, etc.
    Synonyms: design, scheme; see also Thesaurus:diagram
    The plans for many important buildings were once publicly available.
  2. A set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal.
    Synonyms: design, scheme; see also Thesaurus:design
    He didn't really have a plan; he had a goal and a habit of control.
    • 1980, John Lennon (lyrics and music), “Beautiful Boy (Darling Boy)”, in Double Fantasy:
      Life is what happens to you / While you're busy making other plans
  3. A two-dimensional drawing of a building as seen from above with obscuring or irrelevant details such as roof removed, or of a floor of a building, revealing the internal layout; as distinct from the elevation.
    Synonym: floor plan
    Seen in plan, the building had numerous passageways not apparent to visitors.
  4. A method; a way of procedure; a custom.
  5. A subscription to a service.
    a phone plan
    an Internet plan

Usage notes

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  • A plan ("set of intended actions") can be developed, executed, implemented, ignored, abandoned, scrapped, changed, etc.

Synonyms

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2-dimensional drawing of a building

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Japanese: プラン (puran)

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Verb

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plan (third-person singular simple present plans, present participle planning, simple past and past participle planned)

  1. (transitive) To design (a building, machine, etc.).
    The architect planned the building for the client.
  2. (transitive) To create a plan for.
    They jointly planned the project in phases, with good detail for the first month.
  3. (intransitive) To intend.
    He planned to go, but work intervened.
    • 2013 August 10, “Can China clean up fast enough?”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:
      It has jailed environmental activists and is planning to limit the power of judicial oversight by handing a state-approved body a monopoly over bringing environmental lawsuits.
  4. (intransitive) To make a plan.
    They planned for the worst, bringing lots of emergency supplies.

Usage notes

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Derived terms

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Further reading

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Azerbaijani

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Other scripts
Cyrillic план
Abjad پلان

Pronunciation

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Noun

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plan (definite accusative planı, plural planlar)

  1. plan (set of intended actions), scheme
    Amma o ümidini itirmirdi, çünki artıq yeni möhtəşəm plan cızmışdı.
    But s/he didn't lose hope, because s/he had already come up with a new magnificent plan.
    beş illik planını üç il yarıma yerinə yetirməkto complete a five year plan in three and a half years
    bütün planlar pozulduall plans were ruined
  2. draft, plan, scheme, contrivance, road map
  3. layout
    arxa planbackground
    ön planforeground
    bu gündəm arxa plana keçdithis agenda faded into the background

Declension

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    Declension of plan
singular plural
nominative plan
planlar
definite accusative planı
planları
dative plana
planlara
locative planda
planlarda
ablative plandan
planlardan
definite genitive planın
planların
    Possessive forms of plan
nominative
singular plural
mənim (my) planım planlarım
sənin (your) planın planların
onun (his/her/its) planı planları
bizim (our) planımız planlarımız
sizin (your) planınız planlarınız
onların (their) planı or planları planları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (my) planımı planlarımı
sənin (your) planını planlarını
onun (his/her/its) planını planlarını
bizim (our) planımızı planlarımızı
sizin (your) planınızı planlarınızı
onların (their) planını or planlarını planlarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (my) planıma planlarıma
sənin (your) planına planlarına
onun (his/her/its) planına planlarına
bizim (our) planımıza planlarımıza
sizin (your) planınıza planlarınıza
onların (their) planına or planlarına planlarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (my) planımda planlarımda
sənin (your) planında planlarında
onun (his/her/its) planında planlarında
bizim (our) planımızda planlarımızda
sizin (your) planınızda planlarınızda
onların (their) planında or planlarında planlarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (my) planımdan planlarımdan
sənin (your) planından planlarından
onun (his/her/its) planından planlarından
bizim (our) planımızdan planlarımızdan
sizin (your) planınızdan planlarınızdan
onların (their) planından or planlarından planlarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (my) planımın planlarımın
sənin (your) planının planlarının
onun (his/her/its) planının planlarının
bizim (our) planımızın planlarımızın
sizin (your) planınızın planlarınızın
onların (their) planının or planlarının planlarının

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • plan” in Obastan.com.

Chinese

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English plan.

Pronunciation

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  • (Hong Kong Cantonese, alternative) IPA(key): /pʰlɛːn⁵⁵/
  • Noun

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    plan

    1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) plan (a subscription to a service) (Classifier: c)
      手機plan手机plan [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  sau2 gei1 plan [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

    Verb

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    plan

    1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to plan

    Synonyms

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    Danish

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    Etymology

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    From German Plan (project, plan), from French plan (plan, map; plane), from Latin plānus (level, flat, even), from plānus (flat, even, level), from Proto-Italic *plānos, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-no-s (flattened), from *pleh₂- (flat).

    Noun

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    plan c (singular definite planen, plural indefinite planer)

    1. a plan
    2. a level or plane

    Declension

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    Dutch

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Borrowed from French plan, from Middle French plant.

    Noun

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    plan n (plural plannen, diminutive plannetje n)

    1. a set of intended actions, through which one expects to achieve a goal: plan, plot, scheme
    2. a technical drawing
    3. a detailed map of a relatively small area, such as a building or settlement
      Synonym: plattegrond
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    • Negerhollands: plan
    • Caribbean Javanese: plan
    • Indonesian: plan

    Etymology 2

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    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Verb

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    plan

    1. inflection of plannen:
      1. first-person singular present indicative
      2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
      3. imperative

    French

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    From earlier plant, derived from the verb planter, or from Latin planus. Doublet of plant or plain, depending on which etymology is right.

    Noun

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    plan m (plural plans)

    1. map (schematic maps of streets, subways, etc.)
      un plan du métroa subway map
    2. plane (flat surface)
      un plan inclinéan inclined plane
    3. (geometry) plane
    4. (film) shot
    5. plan
      Synonym: projet
      Quels sont tes plans pour cet été?
      What are your plans for this summer?
    6. (slang) hookup (short for plan cul)
    7. (slang) deal (short for bon plan)
    8. (slang, dated) a small case inserted in the rectum in order to hide one's valuables from a full-body search
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    Etymology 2

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    Borrowed from Latin plānus. Doublet of plain, which was inherited, and piano.

    Adjective

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    plan (feminine plane, masculine plural plans, feminine plural planes)

    1. planar
    Derived terms
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    Further reading

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    Friulian

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    Etymology

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    From Latin plānus.

    Adjective

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    plan

    1. flat, level, plane
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    See also

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    Noun

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    plan m (plural plans)

    1. plane
    2. plan

    German

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    Etymology

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    From Middle High German plān, from Latin plānus.

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    plan (strong nominative masculine singular planer, comparative planer, superlative am plansten)

    1. (technical) planar, flat, level, smooth
      Synonym: eben
    2. (archaic) plain, forthright
      • 1887, Otto Gradenwitz, Die Ungültigkeit obligatorischer Rechtsgeschäfte, Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, page 108:
        [Zur Auslegung von Dig. 16, 1, 8, 2] Ferner muss man wohl sagen, dass eine so plane Wahrheit, wie die, dass im Falle des Betruges keine Intercession vorliege, nicht erst von Marcellus entdeckt worden sein kann, und dass daher nicht erst Marcellus in seinen Noten den Julianus dahin zu corrigiren brauchte; dass die Betrügerin nicht intercedirt hat, das wusste auch Julianus!
        [Regarding the interpretation of Dig. 16, 1, 8, 2] One must say furthermore fittingly that such a plain truth like that in the case of fraud there is no intercession cannot have been discovered only by Marcellus, and that hence Marcellus did not have to correct Julianus in his notes; that the fraudstress has not interceded, this was already known to Julianus!

    Declension

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    Derived terms

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    See also

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    Further reading

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    • plan” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
    • plan” in Duden online

    Indonesian

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    Etymology

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    From Dutch plan, from French plan (a ground-plot of a building), from plan (flat), a later form of the vernacular plain, from Latin planus (flat, plane). Doublet of pelan.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /plan/, [ˈplan], [pə̆ˈlan]
    • Hyphenation: plan

    Noun

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    plan

    1. plan, a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal.
      Synonym: rencana

    Alternative forms

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    • pelan (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)

    Further reading

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    Kashubian

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Polish plan.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈplan/
    • Rhymes: -an
    • Syllabification: plan

    Noun

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    plan m inan

    1. plan (a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal)

    Derived terms

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    verbs

    Further reading

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    • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “plan”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[2], volume 2, page 425

    Norwegian Bokmål

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    Etymology

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    From German Plan (project, plan), from French plan (plan, map; plane), from Latin plānus (level, flat, even), from plānus (flat, even, level), from Proto-Italic *plānos, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-no-s (flattened), from *pleh₂- (flat).

    Noun

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    plan m (definite singular planen, indefinite plural planer, definite plural planene)

    1. a plan
    2. a level or plane

    Derived terms

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    References

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    Norwegian Nynorsk

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    From German Plan, from Latin plānum.

    Noun

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    plan n (definite singular planet, indefinite plural plan, definite plural plana)

    1. plane
    2. level
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Noun

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    plan m (definite singular planen, indefinite plural planar, definite plural planane)

    1. a plan
      Kva er planen din?What's your plan?
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 3

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    From Latin planus.

    Adjective

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    plan (neuter plant, definite singular and plural plane, comparative planare, indefinite superlative planast, definite superlative planaste)

    1. plane, flat

    References

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    Occitan

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    plan m (plural plans)

    1. plan (a drawing showing technical details of a building)
    2. plan (a set of intended actions)

    Adjective

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    plan m (feminine singular plana, masculine plural plans, feminine plural planas)

    1. flat
      Synonym: planièr

    Adverb

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    plan

    1. well
      Antonym: mal
    2. very, quite
      Synonym: fòrça
      mercés planthank you very much

    Further reading

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    • Joan de Cantalausa (2006) Diccionari general occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians[3], 2 edition, →ISBN, page 754.

    Polish

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    Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia pl

    Etymology

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    Borrowed from French plan.[1][2] Sense 1 is a semantic loan from English plan and German Plan.[3] First attested in the 19th century.[4]

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈplan/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Rhymes: -an
    • Syllabification: plan

    Noun

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    plan m inan

    1. plan (a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal) [with żeby (+ past-tense clause or infinitive) ‘to do what’]
      Synonym: zamysł
    2. plan (series of actions to be performed in a particular order and at a particular time)
      Synonyms: program, rozkład
    3. plan (design of a creation)
      Synonyms: szkic, zarys
    4. plan (a drawing showing technical details of a building, machine, etc., with unwanted details omitted, and often using symbols rather than detailed drawing to represent doors, valves, etc)
    5. plane (place of objects or people in a painting, drawing, theatrical stage or landscape, which is distinguished by the distance from the observer)
    6. (film) shot (range of view of the camera, resulting from its distance from the object being filmed)
    7. (film) location; set (place where a movie is filmed)
    8. all elements of the content or form of a work that have been distinguished as a result of its analysis and contrasted with the others (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)

    Declension

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    Derived terms

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    adjective
    nouns
    preposition
    verbs
    verbs
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    adjective
    adverb
    nouns

    Descendants

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    Trivia

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    According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), plan is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 21 times in scientific texts, 81 times in news, 163 times in essays, 11 times in fiction, and 16 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 292 times, making it the 175th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[5]

    References

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    1. ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “plan”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
    2. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “plan I”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
    3. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “plan II”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
    4. ^ Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “plan”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
    5. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “plan”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 372

    Further reading

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    Romanian

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from French plan, from Latin planus.

    Noun

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    plan n (plural planuri)

    1. plan
    2. (geometry) plane

    Declension

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    singular plural
    indefinite definite indefinite definite
    nominative-accusative plan planul planuri planurile
    genitive-dative plan planului planuri planurilor
    vocative planule planurilor

    Adjective

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    plan m or n (feminine singular plană, masculine plural plani, feminine and neuter plural plane)

    1. planar, flat

    Declension

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    singular plural
    masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
    nominative-
    accusative
    indefinite plan plană plani plane
    definite planul plana planii planele
    genitive-
    dative
    indefinite plan plane plani plane
    definite planului planei planilor planelor

    Serbo-Croatian

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from German Plan.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    plȃn m (Cyrillic spelling пла̑н)

    1. plan

    Declension

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    Silesian

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from German Plan.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈplan/
    • Rhymes: -an
    • Syllabification: plan

    Noun

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    plan m inan

    1. plan (a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal)

    Further reading

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    Spanish

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    Etymology

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    From plano.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈplan/ [ˈplãn]
    • Rhymes: -an
    • Syllabification: plan

    Noun

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    plan m (plural planes)

    1. plan
    2. scheme (systematic plan of future action)
      Synonyms: régimen, sistema
    3. intention
    4. (colloquial) mood
      Vamos en plan rómantico.
      We’re going in a romantic mood.

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    Further reading

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    Swedish

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    Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia sv

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    plan (comparative planare, superlative planast)

    1. plane (flat)
      en plan yta
      a flat surface
    2. plane (level)
      Kulan rullar, så golvet är inte helt plant
      The marble rolls, so the floor isn't completely level

    Declension

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    Inflection of plan
    Indefinite positive comparative superlative1
    common singular plan planare planast
    neuter singular plant planare planast
    plural plana planare planast
    masculine plural2 plane planare planast
    Definite positive comparative superlative
    masculine singular3 plane planare planaste
    all plana planare planaste

    1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
    2 Dated or archaic.
    3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

    Noun

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    plan n

    1. (mathematics) a plane; flat surface.
    2. an airplane / aeroplane
      Synonym: flygplan
    3. a plane; level of existence
      astralplanastral plane

    Declension

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    Derived terms

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    airplane
    flat surface, level

    Noun

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    plan c

    1. a plan (planned actions)
      Jag har en plan
      I have a plan
    2. a delimited, relatively level and flat area (like a delimited plane) (often used for sports, but also more general); a field, a rink, a yard, etc.
      Fotbollsspelarna sprang ut på planen
      The soccer players ran out onto the field
      ishockeyplan
      ice hockey rink (also called a rink)
      gårdsplan
      courtyard
    3. a plan (drawing outlining a building, apartment, or the like, often more or less map-like)

    Declension

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    Derived terms

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    course of action
    flat area, field of play

    References

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    Turkish

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    From Ottoman Turkish پلان (plân), from French plan.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /p(i)ˈlɑn/, [p(i).ˈlɑn̪]

    Noun

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    plan (definite accusative planı, plural planlar)

    1. plan
      plan yapmakto plan, to make a plan

    Declension

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    Inflection
    Nominative plan
    Definite accusative planı
    Singular Plural
    Nominative plan planlar
    Definite accusative planı planları
    Dative plana planlara
    Locative planda planlarda
    Ablative plandan planlardan
    Genitive planın planların
    Possessive forms
    Nominative
    Singular Plural
    1st singular planım planlarım
    2nd singular planın planların
    3rd singular planı planları
    1st plural planımız planlarımız
    2nd plural planınız planlarınız
    3rd plural planları planları
    Definite accusative
    Singular Plural
    1st singular planımı planlarımı
    2nd singular planını planlarını
    3rd singular planını planlarını
    1st plural planımızı planlarımızı
    2nd plural planınızı planlarınızı
    3rd plural planlarını planlarını
    Dative
    Singular Plural
    1st singular planıma planlarıma
    2nd singular planına planlarına
    3rd singular planına planlarına
    1st plural planımıza planlarımıza
    2nd plural planınıza planlarınıza
    3rd plural planlarına planlarına
    Locative
    Singular Plural
    1st singular planımda planlarımda
    2nd singular planında planlarında
    3rd singular planında planlarında
    1st plural planımızda planlarımızda
    2nd plural planınızda planlarınızda
    3rd plural planlarında planlarında
    Ablative
    Singular Plural
    1st singular planımdan planlarımdan
    2nd singular planından planlarından
    3rd singular planından planlarından
    1st plural planımızdan planlarımızdan
    2nd plural planınızdan planlarınızdan
    3rd plural planlarından planlarından
    Genitive
    Singular Plural
    1st singular planımın planlarımın
    2nd singular planının planlarının
    3rd singular planının planlarının
    1st plural planımızın planlarımızın
    2nd plural planınızın planlarınızın
    3rd plural planlarının planlarının

    Derived terms

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    References

    [edit]
    • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “plan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
    • Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN

    Volapük

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    plan (nominative plural plans)

    1. plant (botany)

    Declension

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    Derived terms

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    See also

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