karistaa
See also: käristää
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]karista + -taa. Compare varistaa.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]karistaa
- to shake off (to remove by shaking)
- Synonyms: pudistaa, pudistella
- (~ kannoiltaan) to shake off (to lose someone who is tracking you)
- Poliisi ajaa meitä takaa! Meidän on pakko karistaa heidät kannoiltamme.
- The police are chasing us! We've got to shake them off.
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of karistaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | karistan | en karista | 1st sing. | olen karistanut | en ole karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | karistat | et karista | 2nd sing. | olet karistanut | et ole karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | karistaa | ei karista | 3rd sing. | on karistanut | ei ole karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | karistamme | emme karista | 1st plur. | olemme karistaneet | emme ole karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | karistatte | ette karista | 2nd plur. | olette karistaneet | ette ole karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | karistavat | eivät karista | 3rd plur. | ovat karistaneet | eivät ole karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | karistetaan | ei karisteta | passive | on karistettu | ei ole karistettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | karistin | en karistanut | 1st sing. | olin karistanut | en ollut karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | karistit | et karistanut | 2nd sing. | olit karistanut | et ollut karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | karisti | ei karistanut | 3rd sing. | oli karistanut | ei ollut karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | karistimme | emme karistaneet | 1st plur. | olimme karistaneet | emme olleet karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | karistitte | ette karistaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte karistaneet | ette olleet karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | karistivat | eivät karistaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat karistaneet | eivät olleet karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | karistettiin | ei karistettu | passive | oli karistettu | ei ollut karistettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | karistaisin | en karistaisi | 1st sing. | olisin karistanut | en olisi karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | karistaisit | et karistaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit karistanut | et olisi karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | karistaisi | ei karistaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi karistanut | ei olisi karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | karistaisimme | emme karistaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme karistaneet | emme olisi karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | karistaisitte | ette karistaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte karistaneet | ette olisi karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | karistaisivat | eivät karistaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat karistaneet | eivät olisi karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | karistettaisiin | ei karistettaisi | passive | olisi karistettu | ei olisi karistettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | karista | älä karista | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | karistakoon | älköön karistako | 3rd sing. | olkoon karistanut | älköön olko karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | karistakaamme | älkäämme karistako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | karistakaa | älkää karistako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | karistakoot | älkööt karistako | 3rd plur. | olkoot karistaneet | älkööt olko karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | karistettakoon | älköön karistettako | passive | olkoon karistettu | älköön olko karistettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | karistanen | en karistane | 1st sing. | lienen karistanut | en liene karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | karistanet | et karistane | 2nd sing. | lienet karistanut | et liene karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | karistanee | ei karistane | 3rd sing. | lienee karistanut | ei liene karistanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | karistanemme | emme karistane | 1st plur. | lienemme karistaneet | emme liene karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | karistanette | ette karistane | 2nd plur. | lienette karistaneet | ette liene karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | karistanevat | eivät karistane | 3rd plur. | lienevät karistaneet | eivät liene karistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | karistettaneen | ei karistettane | passive | lienee karistettu | ei liene karistettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | karistaa | present | karistava | karistettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | karistanut | karistettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | karistaessa | karistettaessa | agent4 | karistama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | karistamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | karistaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | karistamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | karistamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | karistamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | karistamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | karistamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | karistaman | karistettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | karistaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “karistaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02