jako

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

jako (plural jakos)

1. An African grey parrot, Psittacus erithacus, commonly kept as a cage bird.
   • 1878, Jules Verne, “A Hundred Miles in Two Days”, in [anonymous], transl., Dick Sand; or, A Captain at Fifteen. […], New York, N.Y.: George Munro, […], →OCLC, part I, page 145:

     Of parrots, little Jack only saw ash-gray jakos, with red tails, which abounded under the trees. But these jakos were not new to him.

   • 1882, Rev. P. B. Power, The Home Visitor and District Companion:

     Very little is known of these birds in their wild state, although they are brought to Europe in far greater numbers than any other species. We learn from Henglin that the habitat of the Jako extends from the western coast of Africa deep into the heart of that continent […]

   • 1908, Chandler Belden Beach, The Students' Reference Work:

     The Jako, or gray parrot of Africa, has the capacity for speaking best developed, and the yellow-headed green parrot of Mexico stands second in the list.

Inherited from Old Czech jako, from Proto-Slavic *jako.

• IPA^(key): [ˈjako]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ako

jako

1. as
2. like

• “jako”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “jako”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “jako”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Borrowed from German Jacke.

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [ˈjako]
• Rhymes: -ako
• Hyphenation: ja‧ko

jako (accusative singular jakon, plural jakoj, accusative plural jakojn)

1. jacket, coat

• jaketo

From Proto-Finnic *jako. Equivalent to jakaa (“to divide, distribute, share”) +‎ -o.

• IPA^(key): /ˈjɑko/, [ˈjɑ̝ko̞]
• Rhymes: -ɑko
• Hyphenation^(key): ja‧ko

jako

1. division, distribution, sharing, dealing (an act of division etc.)
2. division, distribution, sharing, dealing (the result of a division etc.)
3. count-off (the act of splitting a group of persons into a number N of smaller groups by having them call out, one by one, the numbers one through N and again until everyone has a number; also as an interjection ordering a group to do so)

   Jako kolmeen! ― Count off one through three!

4. share, part
5. pitch; graduation (distance between evenly spaced objects, such as on a roller chain, or the markings on a measuring instrument)
6. (colloquial) chance (also in plural)

   Suomella ei ollut mitään jakoa pelissä Saksaa vastaan.

   Finland didn't stand a chance in the match against Germany.

• “jako”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

• joka, kajo, koja

From French jacquot, from Jacquot, a diminutive of Jacques.

jako

1. parrot

• jakorepèt

• Jak

Modern and unofficial back-formation from jaketo. Also found in German Jacke, Italian giacca.

• IPA^(key): /ˈʒako/, /ˈd͡ʒako/

jako (plural jaki)

1. jacket (long woman’s)

From Proto-Finnic *jako, equivalent to jakkaa (“to divide”) +‎ -o. Cognates include Finnish jako and Estonian jagu.

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈjɑko/, [ˈjɑko̞]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈjɑko/, [ˈjɑɡ̊o̞]
• Rhymes: -ɑko
• Hyphenation: ja‧ko

jako

1. part, share
2. distribution, sharing

Declension of jako (type 4/koivu, k- gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	jako	jaot
genitive	jaon	jakkoin, jakoloin
partitive	jakkoa	jakoja, jakoloja
illative	jakkoo	jakkoi, jakoloihe
inessive	jaos	jaois, jakolois
elative	jaost	jaoist, jakoloist
allative	jaolle	jaoille, jakoloille
adessive	jaol	jaoil, jakoloil
ablative	jaolt	jaoilt, jakoloilt
translative	jaoks	jaoiks, jakoloiks
essive	jakonna, jakkoon	jakoinna, jakoloinna, jakkoin, jakoloin
exessive1)	jakont	jakoint, jakoloint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

• (part): osa

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 99

jako

1. Rōmaji transcription of じゃこ

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

jako

1. common opossum (Didelphis marsupialis)

   Synonym: jako iñu

• Aguilar Feria, Martimiana, García Rojas, Vicente, Erickson de Hollenbach, Elena (2017) Diccionario mixteco de Magdalena Peñasco (Saꞌan Ñuu Savi) (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 50)‎^[2] (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 53

• jak

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jako.

jako

1. Interrogative or relative adverb; how (in what way)
2. Interrogative or relative adverb; how many
3. Marks degree; as; so
4. Relative adverb; thus, like so
5. Marks comparison; than
6. Marks role; as
7. almost
8. somewhat (to some degree)

jako

1. Correlative; as, how, at that time
2. Marks time; since
3. Contrastive; however
4. Causitive; because
5. Conditional; if; when
6. albeit
7. Denotes desired result; such, so; in order to

• Czech: jako

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “jako”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

• jeko

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jako. First attested in the first half of the 14th century.

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /jakɔ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /jakɔ/

jako

1. interrogative or relative adverb; how, in what way
2. introduces a relative clause of degree; how, how much
3. denotes indeterminate manner; in some way

jako

1. introduces a relative question; how
2. introduces a comparative; as
3. denotes equality between two things; as
4. introduces a relative clause; that
5. introduces relative temporal clause; when
6. denotes cause; because
7. introduces a conditional; if

jako

1. specifies; as
2. emphacizes; as
3. namely, that is; for example

• Polish: jako
• Silesian: jako

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “jako”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “jako”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “jako”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego

• jeko (Middle Polish)

Inherited from Old Polish jako.

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -akɔ
• Syllabification: ja‧ko

jako

1. as (in the role of; by way of) [with nominative]

jako

1. as (being, acting as)
2. as (during the time when)

   Synonyms: gdy, kiedy

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), jako is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 151 times in scientific texts, 69 times in news, 131 times in essays, 58 times in fiction, and 38 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 447 times, making it the 103rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[1]

• jako in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• jako in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “jako, jak, jeko”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Aleksandra Wieczorek (05.04.2020) “JAKO”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “jako”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “jako”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “jako”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 129
• jako in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jako. By surface analysis, jȃk (“strong”) +‎ -o.

• IPA^(key): /jâːko/
• Hyphenation: ja‧ko

jȃko (Cyrillic spelling ја̑ко)

1. very, very much, really

   Ako te jako zanima što se dogodilo, ispričat ću ti. ― If you're very interested in what happened, I'll tell you.

2. seriously, gravely, deeply

   Djeca se često poskliznu i padnu kad uče hodati, ali se rijetko jako ozlijede. ― Children often slip and fall when they are learning to walk, but they rarely seriously injure themselves.

3. hard, severely, strongly, forcefully (with a great deal of effort or force)

   Auto je skrenuo jako udesno te skliznuo sa ceste. ― Car turned hard to the right and skidded off the road.

   U nekim borilačkim sportovima, prejako udaranje suparnika može rezultirati diskvalificiranjem. ― In some martial arts, hitting the opponent too hard can result in disqualification.

jako

1. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular of jak

Inherited from Old Polish jako.

• IPA^(key): /ˈja.kɔ/
• Rhymes: -akɔ
• Syllabification: ja‧ko

jako

1. Alternative form of jak

jako

1. as (in the role of; by way of) [with nominative]

• jako in dykcjonorz.eu
• jako in silling.org

From Proto-Finnic *jako.

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈjɑko/, [ˈʝɑko]
• Rhymes: -ɑko
• Hyphenation: ja‧ko

jako

1. part, share
2. dealing, division, doling

Declension of jako (type II/võrkko, k-g gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	jako	jagod
genitive	jago	jakojõ, jakoi
partitive	jakkoa	jakoitõ, jakoi
illative	jakkosõ, jakko	jakoisõ
inessive	jagoz	jakoiz
elative	jagossõ	jakoissõ
allative	jagolõ	jakoilõ
adessive	jagollõ	jakoillõ
ablative	jagoltõ	jakoiltõ
translative	jagossi	jakoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “jako”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn