j'
Appearance
See also: Appendix:Variations of "j"
Franco-Provençal
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]j'
French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]j’ m or f
- clitic form of je
- J’ai sommeil. ― I’m sleepy.
- J’habite à Paris. ― I live in Paris.
- J’veux pas savoir. ― I don't wanna know. (informal, short for "Je ne veux pas savoir.")
- J’comprends. ― I understand. (informal, see usage notes for pronunciation
Usage notes
[edit]- Je in formal French only becomes j’ before a vowel or an unaspirated h, where this is mandatory in spelling.
- In informal French, j’ may optionally be used before consonants, and devoices before unvoiced consonants, thus producing a ʃ sound, as in sheep.
- Before voiced consonants:
- J’vais bien. ― Doing fine.
- J’descend tout de suite! ― Coming down!
- whereas before unvoiced consonants:
- Chais pas. (j’sais pas) ― Dunno.
- Ch’peux pas. (j’peux pas) ― I can't.
- Before voiced consonants:
- Note that the ch’ spelling (and the j’ spelling before a vowel) is purely oral, it is not used in any type of written content except if one wishes to emphasize the language register spoken or the form is in itself a fixed expression.
Related terms
[edit]French personal pronouns
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative (subject) |
Accusative (direct complement) |
Dative (indirect complement) |
Locative (at) |
Genitive (of) |
Disjunctive (tonic) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | — | je, j’ | me, m’ | — | — | moi | |
Second | — | tu | te, t’ | — | — | toi | ||
Third | Masculine | il | le, l’ | lui | y | en | lui | |
Feminine | elle | la, l’ | elle | |||||
Indeterminate | on1 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
Reflexive | — | se, s’4 | — | — | soi4 | |||
Plural | First | — | nous | nous | — | — | nous | |
Second | — | vous2 | vous2,3 | — | — | vous2 | ||
Third | Masculine | ils3 | les | leur | y | en | eux3 | |
Feminine | elles | elles |
- 1 Also used as the first person plural.
- 2 Also used as the polite singular form.
- 3 Also used when a group has both men and women.
- 4 Also used as third person plural reflexive.
Further reading
[edit]- “j'”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Neapolitan
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]j’
Categories:
- Franco-Provençal non-lemma forms
- Franco-Provençal pronoun forms
- Franco-Provençal clippings
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French non-lemma forms
- French pronoun forms
- French personal pronouns
- French terms with usage examples
- Neapolitan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Neapolitan lemmas
- Neapolitan pronouns
- Neapolitan terms with usage examples