hál
Appearance
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finno-Ugric *kalɜ- (“to spend a night”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]hál
- (intransitive, archaic, poetic) to sleep
- Synonym: alszik
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of hál
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | hálok | hálsz | hál | hálunk | háltok | hálnak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | háltam | háltál | hált | háltunk | háltatok | háltak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. hálni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | hálék | hálál | hála | hálánk | hálátok | hálának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. hál vala, hált vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | hálandok | hálandasz | háland | hálandunk | hálandotok | hálandanak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | hálnék | hálnál | hálna | hálnánk | hálnátok | hálnának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hált volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | háljak | hálj or háljál |
háljon | háljunk | háljatok | háljanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hált légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | hálni | hálnom | hálnod | hálnia | hálnunk | hálnotok | hálniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
hálás | háló | hált | ― | hálva (hálván) | |||||
potential conjugation of hál
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | hálhatok | hálhatsz | hálhat | hálhatunk | hálhattok | hálhatnak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | hálhattam | hálhattál | hálhatott | hálhattunk | hálhattatok | hálhattak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | hálhaték | hálhatál | hálhata | hálhatánk | hálhatátok | hálhatának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. hálhat vala, hálhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | hálhatandok or hálandhatok |
hálhatandasz or hálandhatsz |
hálhatand or hálandhat |
hálhatandunk or hálandhatunk |
hálhatandotok or hálandhattok |
hálhatandanak or hálandhatnak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | hálhatnék | hálhatnál | hálhatna | hálhatnánk | hálhatnátok | hálhatnának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hálhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | hálhassak | hálhass or hálhassál |
hálhasson | hálhassunk | hálhassatok | hálhassanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hálhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (hálhatni) | (hálhatnom) | (hálhatnod) | (hálhatnia) | (hálhatnunk) | (hálhatnotok) | (hálhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (hálhatva / hálhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Expressions
Notes:
- The derivative of this word, háló (“sleeping”, participle) is not to be confused with the unrelated háló (“net, web”). See its entry for its compounds.
- The derivative of this word, hálás (“sleeping”, gerund) is not to be confused with the unrelated hálás (“grateful, thankful”).
References
[edit]- ^ Entry #231 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ hál in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
Further reading
[edit]- hál in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Irish
[edit]Noun
[edit]hál
- h-prothesized form of ál
Rohingya
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Assamese খাল (khal, “drain, canal”)
Noun
[edit]hál
Synonyms
[edit]Categories:
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/aːl
- Rhymes:Hungarian/aːl/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian intransitive verbs
- Hungarian terms with archaic senses
- Hungarian poetic terms
- Hungarian three-letter words
- hu:Sleep
- Irish non-lemma forms
- Irish mutated nouns
- Irish h-prothesized forms
- Rohingya lemmas
- Rohingya nouns