ergötzen
German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German ergetzen (“to cause to forget”), from Old High German irgezan, hence “to compensate, to reimburse”. The verb is a causative to a lost Middle High German ergëzzen which existed alongside vergëzzen, whence modern vergessen (“to forget”); the simplex verb *getzen is also lost.
The spelling with ⟨ö⟩ first arises in the 16th century, but the older form ergetzen also persists until at least the early 19th century. While such rounding happened more often in modern German, this case is unusual because there is no adjacent /ʃ/, /l/, or labial. Some assume influence by unrelated Götze (“idol”) as in “something adored”.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ergötzen (weak, third-person singular present ergötzt, past tense ergötzte, past participle ergötzt, auxiliary haben)
- (dated, higher register, transitive) to delight, amuse, gladden
- 1769, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Die Mitschuldigen [Partners in Guilt][1]:
- Denn eine schöne Frau ergötzet uns unendlich, / Wenn man sie auch nicht liebt, so ist man doch erkenntlich.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1784, Friedrich Schiller, Kabale und Liebe [Intrigue and Love], 4. Akt, 7. Szene; republished as Flora Kimmich, transl., Love and Intrigue, 2019:
- Ich bin offenherzig, gnädige Frau – Würde Sie mein Anblick ergötzen, wenn Sie einem Vergnügen entgegen gingen?
- I'll be frank my Lady. Would the sight of me amuse you as you went out in search of pleasure?
- (dated, higher register, reflexive) to cherish, to be amused (by), to gloat (over) [with an]
- 1808, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, “Walpurgisnacht”, in Faust: Der Tragödie erster Teil [Faust, Part One][2]; republished as Bayard Taylor, transl., 1870:
- wenn blutegel sich an seinem steisz ergetzen / ist er von geistern und von geist curiert
- when upon his rump the leeches hang and fuddle / he'll be of spirits and of Spirit cured
- 2013, Simon Montefiore, translated by Ulrike Wasel, Saschenka, S. Fischer Verlag, →ISBN:
- Er wollte sich an ihrem Anblick ergötzen und die Speicher seiner Erinnerungen auffüllen, damit er, wenn sie nicht bei ihm war, die Hand ausstrecken und sie beinahe fühlen konnte.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (obsolete, transitive) to compensate [with accusative ‘someone’ and genitive ‘for something’]
- 1534, Sebastian Franck, Weltbuch:
- die in als ein sun seins leids mit einem guldin oder zehen ergötzen.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | ergötzen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | ergötzend | ||||
past participle | ergötzt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich ergötze | wir ergötzen | i | ich ergötze | wir ergötzen |
du ergötzt | ihr ergötzt | du ergötzest | ihr ergötzet | ||
er ergötzt | sie ergötzen | er ergötze | sie ergötzen | ||
preterite | ich ergötzte | wir ergötzten | ii | ich ergötzte1 | wir ergötzten1 |
du ergötztest | ihr ergötztet | du ergötztest1 | ihr ergötztet1 | ||
er ergötzte | sie ergötzten | er ergötzte1 | sie ergötzten1 | ||
imperative | ergötz (du) ergötze (du) |
ergötzt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]- Ergötzen n (“amusement, delight”)
- ergötzlich
- Ergötzung f (“amusement, delight”)
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “ergötzen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “ergötzen” in Duden online
- “ergötzen” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German 3-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German dated terms
- German higher register terms
- German transitive verbs
- German terms with quotations
- German reflexive verbs
- German terms with obsolete senses