baka

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈbɑːkə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈbɑkə/
• Rhymes: -ɑːkə
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

baka (plural bakas or baka)

1. (voodoo) An evil spirit in Haitian belief, often in the form of an animal.
   • 1953, Maya Daren, The Divine Horsemen, McPherson & Company, published 2004, page 113:

     Under his sign the malevolent bocor may take the shape of an animal, and men may be transformed into terrible bakas.

   • 1969, Milo Rigaud, Secrets of Voodoo, page 83:

     A person has only to serve the baka incorrectly to have it turn against its owner and do him irremediable harm by reason of the very duality of its composition.

   • 2001, Jennie Marcelle Smith, When the Hands Are Many, page 77:

     Because a baka can destroy a family's (or even a whole neighborhood's) well-being, there is great interest in catching and destroying them.

Borrowed from Japanese 馬鹿(ばか) (baka, “stupid”).

baka (comparative more baka, superlative most baka)

1. (anime manga, fandom slang, endearing) Stupid, silly.

baka (plural bakas)

1. (anime manga, fandom slang, endearing) A foolish person, a dummy, a silly goose.

• sussy baka

• bakanae

• baka bomb

• Ka'ba

baka

1. tree

• Burmeister, Jonathan (1987) “Numbers before letters — Ivory Coast literacy program”, in G. Gagné, F. Daems, S. Kroon, J. Sturm and E. Tarrab, editors, Selected Papers in Mother Tongue Education / Études en pédagogie de la langue maternelle‎^[1], Dordrecht, The Netherlands & Montréal, Canada: Foris Publications Holland; Centre de Diffusion P.P.M.F. primaire, Université de Montréal, →ISBN, page 23 of 19–25
• Wichmann, Søren, Eric W. Holman, and Cecil H. Brown (eds.). (2020). The ASJP Database (version 19).

• Burmeister, Jonathan L. (1983) “L’agni”, in Atlas des langues kwa de Côte d’Ivoire, volume 1, Paris & Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT); Institut de Linguistique Appliquée (ILA), Université d’Abidjan
• Pyne, P. C. (1977) “Anyi”, in M. E. Kropp Dakubu, editor, West African language data sheets, volume 1, Legon, Ghana: West African Linguistic Society

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

baka

1. cow

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈba.ka]
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

báka (Basahan spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. cattle; cow

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *bakáq.^[1] Compare Tagalog baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Ilocano baka.

• IPA^(key): /ˈbakaʔ/ [ˈba.kaʔ]
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

bakà (Basahan spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. maybe; probably; perhaps; might

   Synonyms: tibaad, seguro

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

baka

1. cow

bakà

1. (anatomy) jaw

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

baka

1. cow

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈba.kɐ]

baka

1. a cow; an adult female of the species Bos taurus that has calved
2. any member of the species Bos taurus regardless of sex or age, including bulls and calves
3. beef; the meat from a cow, bull, or other bovine

baka

1. beef

For quotations using this term, see Citations:baka.

bakà

1. (anatomy) jaw

baka

1. perhaps; maybe

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛaːʰka/
• Rhymes: -ɛaːʰka
• Homophone: bakað

baka (third person singular past indicative bakaði, third person plural past indicative bakað, supine bakað)

1. to bake

Conjugation of baka (group v-30)
infinitive	baka
supine	bakað
participle (a6)1	bakandi	bakaður
	present	past
first singular	baki	bakaði
second singular	bakar	bakaði
third singular	bakar	bakaði
plural	baka	bakaðu
	imperative
singular	baka!
plural	bakið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

baka o

1. (Pular) tunic, boubou, agbada

baka o (plural bakaaji ɗi)

1. (Maasina) part, portion, share

• Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.
• Richard Smith, Urs Niggli, Dictionnaire fulfulde - anglais - français, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2016.

Cognate with Duwai bak, Mwaghavul mbuka.

• IPA^(key): /bà.káː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [bə̀.káː]

bàkā m (plural bakunkunā̀, possessed form bàkan)

1. bow
2. hacksaw
3. catch of a lock

From baki.

• IPA^(key): /bá.kà/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [bə́.kə̀]

bakà

1. in the mouth

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

báka

1. cow, bull, ox

• kabakahan

Probably a doublet of boka, via its former meaning of “boots”, expressing a booted soldier. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɒkɒ]
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• Rhymes: -kɒ

baka (plural bakák)

1. (informal) soldier

   Synonym: katona

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	baka	bakák
accusative	bakát	bakákat
dative	bakának	bakáknak
instrumental	bakával	bakákkal
causal-final	bakáért	bakákért
translative	bakává	bakákká
terminative	bakáig	bakákig
essive-formal	bakaként	bakákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	bakában	bakákban
superessive	bakán	bakákon
adessive	bakánál	bakáknál
illative	bakába	bakákba
sublative	bakára	bakákra
allative	bakához	bakákhoz
elative	bakából	bakákból
delative	bakáról	bakákról
ablative	bakától	bakáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	bakáé	bakáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	bakáéi	bakákéi

Possessive forms of baka
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	bakám	bakáim
2nd person sing.	bakád	bakáid
3rd person sing.	bakája	bakái
1st person plural	bakánk	bakáink
2nd person plural	bakátok	bakáitok
3rd person plural	bakájuk	bakáik

• baka in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• baka in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

• IPA^(key): /baka/
• Rhymes: -ka
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

baka

1. like, similar to

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaːka/
• Rhymes: -aːka

From the verb baka (“to bake”).

baka f (genitive singular böku, nominative plural bökur)

1. pie

• kjötbaka

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

baka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative bakaði, supine bakað)

1. to bake

Form of bak (“a back”).

baka n

1. indefinite genitive plural of bak

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/

baka

1. cow
2. ox

From Proto-Philippine *bakáq.^[1] Compare Bikol Central baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Tagalog baka.

• IPA^(key): /baka/ [bɐ.ka]
• (colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈbɐ.ka]
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

baká

1. maybe, perhaps, might be

From Malay baka, baqa, from Classical Malay باک (baka), بقاٴ (baqa), from Arabic بَقَاء (baqāʔ, “remaining, lasting, enduring”).

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈba.ka]
• Rhymes: -aka
• Syllabification: ba‧ka

baka

1. eternal

   Synonym: selamanya

• “baka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

baka

1. Rōmaji transcription of ばか
2. Rōmaji transcription of バカ

baka

1. Romanization of ꦧꦏ

baka

1. (anatomy) chin

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

baka

1. cow

From Proto-Turkic *b(i)āka.

baka

1. frog

• N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “baka”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

baka

1. cow

From Proto-North Sarawak *bakas.

baka

1. wild boar

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

baka

1. cow

• (Johor, Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /ˈbakə/ [ˈba.kə]

• Audio (Malaysia):

  (file)

baka (Jawi spelling باک)

1. patriarchal, ruled by men

   sistem (kuasa) baka

   a patriarchal system

• saka

baka (Jawi spelling باک, plural baka-baka, informal 1st possessive bakaku, 2nd possessive bakamu, 3rd possessive bakanya)

1. stock, breed (of livestock)

   baka bercampur

   mixed breed.

• “baka” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

baka

1. cow

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

baka

1. cow

bakâ

1. bowlegged

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

baka

1. cow

• bakane

baka m or n

1. definite neuter plural of bak

From Old Norse baka.

• bake
• båkå, båkkå (dialectal)

baka (present tense bakar or baker, past tense baka or bakte, past participle baka or bakt, passive infinitive bakast, present participle bakande, imperative bak)

1. to bake (something)

• bakebolle
• bakepapir
• bakepulver

• bakar (noun)
• baking

• “baka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Borrowed from Sanskrit बक (baka, “heron”).

• IPA^(key): /ba.ka/
• Rhymes: -ka
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

baka

1. heron

• > Javanese: ꦧꦏ (baka) (inherited)

• "baka" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

From Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. Compare Old English bacan (English bake), Old Saxon bakkan (Low German backen), Dutch bakken, Old High German bahhan, backan (German backen).

baka

1. to bake

• Icelandic: baka
• Faroese: baka
• Norn: båke
• Norwegian Nynorsk: baka
• Elfdalian: båkå
• Old Swedish: baka
  • Swedish: baka
• Danish: bage
  • Norwegian Bokmål: bake
• Old Gutnish: baka
  • Gutnish: bake

• “baka”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

From Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. Compare Old English bacan (English bake), Old Saxon bakkan (Low German backen), Dutch bakken, Old High German bahhan, backan (German backen).

baka

1. to bake

• Swedish: baka

baka m

1. crane
2. heron

From Portuguese vaca and Spanish vaca and Kabuverdianu báka.

baka

1. cow

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aka
• Syllabification: ba‧ka
• Homophone: Baka

Borrowed from German Bake.

baka f

1. (navigation, nautical) seamark

   Synonym: stawa

Borrowed from German Backe.

baka f

1. (Malbork) Synonym of policzek

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

baka m inan

1. genitive singular of bak

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

baka

1. third-person singular present of bakać

• baka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Kazimierz Nitsch (1907) “baka”, in “Dyalekty polskie Prus zachodnich”, in Materyały i Prace Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie (in Polish), volume 3, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 387

• waka (Cuzco-Collao)

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈba.ka/
  • (Ayacucho) IPA^(key): [ˈba.ka]
  • (Cuzco-Collao) IPA^(key): [ˈwa.ka]

baka

1. cow

Itier, César (2017) Diccionario quechua sureño-castellano (con un índice castellano-quechua) [Southern Quechua-Spanish Dictionary (with a Spanish-Quechua index)], Lima: Editorial Comentarios, →ISBN, page 230

From earlier babka; compare bȁba.

• IPA^(key): /bǎːka/
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

báka f (Cyrillic spelling ба́ка)

1. (hypocoristic) grandmother, grandma
2. (hypocoristic, regional) old woman

• “baka”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

baka

1. cow

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba̠ka̠], [ˈbɑ̟kɑ̟]

From English back.

baka

1. after
2. behind

baka

1. back

   bakasey ― behind

baka

1. back, in return
2. again

baka

1. back

Borrowed from Dutch bakken.

baka

1. to bake, to fry

Borrowed from Arabic بَقَّعَ (baqqaʕa, “to stain”).

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

-baka (infinitive kubaka)

1. to molest, to rape

   Synonym: -najisi

Conjugation of -baka
Positive present -nabaka Subjunctive -bake Negative -baki Imperative singular baka
Infinitives
Positive kubaka Negative kutobaka
Imperatives
Singular baka Plural bakeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hubaka Positive past positive subject concord + -libaka Negative past negative subject concord + -kubaka
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nabaka) Singular Plural 1st person ninabaka/nabaka tunabaka 2nd person unabaka mnabaka 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anabaka wanabaka other classes positive subject concord + -nabaka
Negative present (negative subject concord + -baki) Singular Plural 1st person sibaki hatubaki 2nd person hubaki hambaki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) habaki hawabaki other classes negative subject concord + -baki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tabaka Negative future negative subject concord + -tabaka
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -bake) Singular Plural 1st person nibake tubake 2nd person ubake mbake 3rd person m-wa(I/II) abake wabake other classes positive subject concord + -bake
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sibake Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngebaka Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singebaka Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalibaka Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalibaka
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -abaka) Singular Plural 1st person nabaka twabaka 2nd person wabaka mwabaka 3rd person m-wa(I/II) abaka wabaka m-mi(III/IV) wabaka yabaka ji-ma(V/VI) labaka yabaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) chabaka vyabaka n(IX/X) yabaka zabaka u(XI) wabaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwabaka pa(XVI) pabaka mu(XVIII) mwabaka
Perfect positive subject concord + -mebaka "Already" positive subject concord + -meshabaka "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jabaka "If/When" positive subject concord + -kibaka "If not" positive subject concord + -sipobaka Consecutive kabaka / positive subject concord + -kabaka Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kabake
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nibaka -tubaka 2nd person -kubaka -wabaka/-kubakeni/-wabakeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mbaka -wabaka m-mi(III/IV) -ubaka -ibaka ji-ma(V/VI) -libaka -yabaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kibaka -vibaka n(IX/X) -ibaka -zibaka u(XI) -ubaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kubaka pa(XVI) -pabaka mu(XVIII) -mubaka Reflexive -jibaka
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -baka- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -bakaye -bakao m-mi(III/IV) -bakao -bakayo ji-ma(V/VI) -bakalo -bakayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -bakacho -bakavyo n(IX/X) -bakayo -bakazo u(XI) -bakao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -bakako pa(XVI) -bakapo mu(XVIII) -bakamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -baka) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yebaka -obaka m-mi(III/IV) -obaka -yobaka ji-ma(V/VI) -lobaka -yobaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chobaka -vyobaka n(IX/X) -yobaka -zobaka u(XI) -obaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kobaka pa(XVI) -pobaka mu(XVIII) -mobaka
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

• Verbal derivations:
  • Augmentative: -bakua (“rob, plunder”)
  • Passive: -bakwa

• Nominal derivations:
  • mbakaji (“rapist”)
  • ubakaji (“rape”)

baka (ma class, plural mabaka)

1. mark on the body (like a scar or birthmark)

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

• Audio:

  (file)

baka (present bakar, preterite bakade, supine bakat, imperative baka)

1. to bake; to cook in an oven.

• baca — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”), from Latin vacca.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈbaː.xɐ]
• Rhymes: -aka
• Syllabification: ba‧ka

baka (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. cattle; cow
2. beef

   Synonym: karne ng baka

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *bakáq. Compare Bikol Central baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Ilocano baka.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /baˈkaʔ/ [bɐˈxaʔ], (nonstandard) /baˈka/ [bɐˈxa]
• Rhymes: -aʔ, (nonstandard) -a
• Syllabification: ba‧ka

bakâ or baká (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. maybe; probably

   Synonyms: marahil, maaari, posible

2. might

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈbaː.xɐ]
• Rhymes: -aka
• Syllabification: ba‧ka

baka (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. declaration of war (against another nation)

   Synonyms: salakay, pagsalakay, lusob, paglusob

2. campaign against something wrong or immoral

   Synonyms: laban, paglaban, pagbabaka

3. verbal attack or assault

   Synonyms: tuligsa, pagtuligsa, atake, pag-atake

• “baka”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*bakáq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

• kaba, akba

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

• (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /baka/ [baˈk̠ɑ]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ba‧ka

baka (Sulat Sūg spelling بَكَ)

1. cow

   Synonym: sapi'

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.ka]
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

baka

1. cow

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

baka

1. cow

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

baka

1. cow