ad-

Borrowed from Latin ad-. Doublet of at-.

ad-

2. (no longer productive) Doing, enacting, forming a verb.

   accouple, admarginate, admixture, attune

4. Near, close to, adjacent.

   adaxonal, addental, admedial

6. Towards in direction or movement. (anatomy) Towards the midline of the body.

   adapical, adfluvial, adgerminal

8. (no longer productive) Intensifying, additionally.

   acclaim, adsignification, adspection

10. Along, alongside.

    admarginal, adnervular, adstratum

12. Appending and/or prepending. Adding from either side.

    adfix, adposition, affix

14. Modifying.

    adnominal, adverb, assoil

16. Atop or above in position.

    adatom, adcumulate, aggrade

• “ad-”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
• “ad-”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

• D. A., D.A., DA, Da, da

ad-

1. ad-

Prefix form of ad. Also based on Latin ad-.

ad-

1. to (indicating that to which there is movement, tendency or position, with or without arrival)

   portar (“carry, bear”) → adportar (“bring, carry (to a person or place)”)

   ube (“where”) → adube (“where to (with motion), whither”)

(forms assimilated to a following consonant, in descending order of frequency)^[1]

• ap-, at-, ac-
• al-, ar-
• ag-, as-, af-
  • a- (before /ɡn/ or /sC/; cf. agnoscō, astō)
• am-, an- (uncommon)
• ab- (very rare)

From the preposition ad (“to, towards”).

ad-

1. to
2. usually prefixed to verbs, in which cases it often has the effect of intensifying the verbal action

ad-

1. your (singular)

From Proto-Celtic *ad-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”). Cognates include Latin ad and English at.

ad-

1. to, towards
2. in many compounds, it has a purely intensive sense
3. augment infix used instead of ro- on verbs whose first prefix is com- and the stressed syllable starts with a consonant

   ‎con·birt (“you conceived”) + ‎ad- → ‎con·abairt (“you have conceived”) (forms of con·beir)

   ‎con·melt (“(s)he rubbed”) + ‎ad- → ‎con·amailt (“(s)he had rubbed”) (forms of con·meil)

   ‎·coscrad (“not destroyed”) + ‎ad- → ‎·comscarad (“had not destroyed”) (past subjunctive prototonic forms of con·scara)

   ‎con·gab (“it contained”) + ‎ad- → ‎con·acab (“it had contained”) (forms of con·gaib)

   ‎*·cotla + ‎ad- → ‎·comthala (subjunctive forms of con·tuili (“to sleep”))

• ad-, when used as an augment affix, vanishes in prototonic forms due to syncope. However, its presence may be detected via the different syncope patterns between forms augmented with ad- and those that were not.
• In deuterotonic verbs where ad- is the first prefix and the next sound is /t/, the d in the prefix may be dropped in its spelling.

• Irish: a- (no longer productive)

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ad-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

• a-

ad-

1. ad- (near; at)

• at-

From Proto-Brythonic *ate-, from Proto-Celtic *ati-.^[1] from Proto-Indo-European *éti.^[2] Cognate with Cornish as-, English ed-, Latin et (“and”), Sanskrit अति (ati, “over-”).

• IPA^(key): /ad/

ad-

1. again, back, re-

   Synonym: ail-

   ‎ad- + ‎llais (“voice”) → ‎adlais (“echo”)

   ‎ad- + ‎talu (“to pay”) → ‎ad-dalu (“to refund”)

   ‎ad- + ‎blas (“taste”) → ‎adflas (“aftertaste”)

2. affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word

   ‎ad- + ‎cas (“hated, nasty”) → ‎atgas (“hateful, detestable”)

Variant orthographies

ALIV	ad-
Brazilian standard	ad-
New Tribes	ad-

• IPA^(key): [ad-]

ad-

1. (Cunucunuma River dialect) Alternative form of adh-