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{{also|Underground}}
==English==

===Etymology===
{{etymon|en|id=subterranean|inh|enm>undergrounde>underground|tree=0}}
From {{inh|en|enm|undergrounde|pos=adv}}, equivalent to {{compound|en|under|ground}} or {{pre|en|under|ground}}. Compare {{cog|nl|ondergrond}}, {{m|nl|ondergronds}}, {{cog|de|Untergrund}}, {{cog|da|undergrunds}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˌʌndəˈɡɹaʊnd/|/ˈʌndəɡɹaʊnd/|q2=especially for the noun|a=RP}}
** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-underground.wav|a=Southern England}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˌʌndɚˈɡɹaʊnd/|/ˈʌndɚɡɹaʊnd/|q2=especially for the noun|a=GA}}
* {{rhymes|en|aʊnd|s=3}}
* {{hyphenation|en|un|der|ground}}

===Adjective===
{{en-adj}}

# {{lb|en|not comparable}} Below the ground; below the surface of the Earth.
#: {{syn|en|subterranean|hypogean}}
#: {{ux|en|There is an '''underground''' tunnel that takes you across the river.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2014-06-14|volume=411|issue=8891|magazine=w:The Economist|title=It's a gas|url=http://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21604091-it-possible-sniff-out-problems-sewer-pipes-they-happen-its-gas|passage=One of the hidden glories of Victorian engineering is proper drains. Isolating a city’s effluent and shipping it away in '''underground''' sewers has probably saved more lives than any medical procedure except vaccination.}}
# {{anchor|hidden}} {{lb|en|figurative}} [[hidden|Hidden]], [[furtive]], [[secretive]].
#: {{syn|en|Thesaurus:hidden|Thesaurus:covert}}
#: {{ux|en|These criminals operate through an '''underground''' network.}}
# {{lb|en|of|_|music|art|_|etc.}} [[outside|Outside]] the [[mainstream]], [[especially]] [[unofficial]] and [[hidden]] from the [[authorities]].
#: {{syn|en|unconventional|alternative}}
#: {{ant|en|mainstream}}
#: {{ux|en|'''underground''' music}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1991|author=w:Stephen Fry|title=The Liar| page=27|passage=‘{{...}}he wrote to me last week telling me about an incredible bitch of a row blazing there on account of someone having been and gone and produced an unofficial magazine called ''Raddled'', full of obscene libellous Oz-like filth. And what I though, what Sammy and I thought, was—why not?’ ‘Why not what?’ said Tom. ‘Why not do the same thing here?’ ‘You mean an '''underground''' magazine?’ ‘Yup.’}}
#* {{quote-web|en|title=Barry Miles: 'I think of the 60s as a supermarket of ideas. We were looking for new ways to live'|date=2010-03-20|author=James Campbell|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/mar/20/barry-miles-sixties-indica-interview|passage="In many ways, it showed there was no longer an '''underground''', as such. This proved that there was no longer one society with everyone agreeing how to live . . . The '''underground''' had officially come above ground, and consequently no longer existed."}}

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|en|underground mutton|undercover car}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top-also|below the ground|subterranean}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|ընդերկրյա}}, {{t+|hy|ստորգետնյա}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|падзе́мны}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|подзе́мен}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|subterrani}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|地下|tr=dìxià}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|podzemní}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|ondergronds}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|subtera}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|maanalainen}}
* French: {{t+|fr|souterrain}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მიწისქვეშა}}
* German: {{t+|de|unterirdisch}}, {{t+|de|Untergrund|alt=Untegrund-}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|υπόγειος}}
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|ὑπόγειος}}, {{t|grc|ὑπόνομος}}, {{t|grc|χθόνιος}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|भूमिगत}}, {{t|hi|अंतर्भौम}}, {{t|hi|ज़मींदोज़}}, {{t|hi|भूगर्भस्थ}}, {{t|hi|भूगर्भिक}}
* Hungarian: {{t|hu|föld alatti}}
* Icelandic: {{t|is|neðanjarðar}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|subtera}}
* Ingrian: {{t|izh|maanalain}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|sotterraneo}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|地下|tr=ちか, chika}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|땅속}}, {{t+|ko|땅굴}}, {{t|ko|땅밑}}, {{t|ko|땅아래}}, {{t+|ko|지하(地下)}}
* Latin: {{t|la|subterrāneus}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|подземен}}
* Malay: {{t+|ms|bawah tanah}}, {{t|ms|banah}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|rarowhenua}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|underjordisk}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|podziemny}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|subterrâneo}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|subteran}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|подзе́мный}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|подземан}}
*: Roman: {{t|sh|podzeman}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|podzemný}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|podzemen}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|subterráneo}}, {{t|es|soterráneo}}, {{t|es|soterrano}}, {{t|es|soterraño}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|underjordisk}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|підзе́мний}}
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|tanddaearol}}
* Yiddish: {{t|yi|אונטערגרונט}}, {{t|yi|אונטערערדיש}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|hidden, furtive}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|та́ен}}, {{t+|bg|подмо́лен}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|clandestí}}, {{t+|ca|secret}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|地下|tr=dìxià de|alt=地下的}}, {{t+|cmn|秘密|tr=mìmì de|alt=秘密的}}, {{t+|cmn|暗中|tr=ànzhōng de|alt=暗中的}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|ondergronds}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|maanalainen}}
* French: {{t+|fr|souterrain}}, {{t+|fr|clandestin}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|იატაკქვეშა}}, {{t|ka|საიდუმლო}}, {{t|ka|ფარული}}
* German: {{t+|de|heimlich}}, {{t+|de|geheim}}, {{t+|de|Untergrund|alt=Untergrund-}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|υπόγειος}}, {{t+|el|μυστικός}}, {{t+|el|λαθραίος}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|מַחְתַּרְתִּי|tr=maẖtartí}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|földalatti}}, {{t+|hu|illegális}}, {{t+|hu|rejtett}}, {{t+|hu|titkos}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|clandestino}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|秘密|tr=ひみつの, himitsu no|alt=秘密の}}, {{t+|ja|不法|tr=ふほうの, fuhō no|alt=不法の}}, {{t|ja|アングラ|tr=angura}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|потаен}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|podziemny}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|clandestino}}, {{t+|pt|secreto}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|подпо́льный}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|прикрѝвен}}, {{t|sh|по̏та̄јан}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|prikrìven}}, {{t+|sh|pȍtājan}}
* Yiddish: {{t|yi|אונטערערדיש}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|outside the mainstream}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|非主流|tr=fēi zhǔliú}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|underground|m}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|underground}}
* French: {{t+|fr|underground}}, {{t+|fr|alternatif}}
* German: {{t+|de|Untergrund|alt=Untegrund-}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|υπόγειος}}, {{t+|el|περιθωριακός}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|alternatív}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|アングラ|tr=angura}}
* Polish: {{t|pl|undergroundowy}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|underground}}, {{t+|pt|alternativo}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|андергра́унд|tr=andɛrgráund}}, {{t+|ru|андегра́унд|tr=andɛgráund}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|подземан}}
*: Roman: {{t|sh|podzeman}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|yer altı}}, {{t|tr|underground}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|андергра́ундовий}}, {{t|uk|андегра́ундовий}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Adverb===
{{en-adv}}

# Below the ground.
#: {{syn|en|[[below]] [[ground]]}}
#: {{ux|en|The tunnel goes '''underground''' at this point.}}
# Secretly.
#: {{syn|en|clandestinely|in secret|on the quiet}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|below the ground}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|под земята}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|地下|tr=dìxià}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|[[maa|maan]] [[alla]]}}
* French: {{t|fr|[[sous]] [[terre]]}}, {{t|fr|sous [[la]] terre}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|baixo terra}}
* German: {{t|de|[[unter]] der [[Erde]]}}, {{t+|de|unterirdisch}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|υπόγεια}}
* Icelandic: {{t|is|neðanjarðar}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|sottoterra}}
* Navajo: {{t|nv|łeeyiʼ|sc=Latn}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|debaixo da terra}}, {{t|pt|debaixo do solo}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|[[под]] [[земля|землёй]]}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun}}
[[File:Hyde_Park_Corner_signage_(1).jpg|thumb|]]
{{wikipedia}}

# {{lb|en|geography}} Regions beneath the surface of the earth, both natural (eg. caves) and man-made (eg. mines).
# {{lb|en|chiefly|British}} {{syn of|en|subway|nodot=a}}: a [[railway]] that is under the [[ground]].
#: {{syn|en|underground railway}}
#: {{ux|en|London '''Underground'''}}
# {{lb|en|with|_|definite article}} A movement or organisation of people who resist [[political]] convention.
#: {{syn|en|resistance}}
#: {{ux|en|the French '''underground''' during World War II}}
#* {{quote-av|en|year=1942|author=w:Julius J. Epstein; w:Philip G. Epstein; {{w|Howard Koch (screenwriter)|Howard Koch}}|title={{w|Casablanca (film)|Casablanca}}|role=Ilsa|actor=w:Ingrid Bergman|passage=Victor, please, don't go to the '''underground''' meeting tonight.}}
# {{lb|en|with|_|definite article}} A movement or organisation of people who resist [[artistic]] convention.
#: {{syn|en|avant-garde|counterculture}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|regions beneath the surface of the earth}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|podzemí|n}}
* Hindi: {{t|hi|भूगर्भ}}, {{t|hi|अंतर्भूमि}}, {{t+|hi|भूमिगत}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|subsolo|m}}, {{t+|pt|subterrâneo|m}}, {{t+|pt|subterrâneo|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-see|subway}}

{{trans-top|movement or organisation of people who resist political convention}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|ընդհատակ}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|нелегална организация|f}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|vastarintaliike}}
* French: {{t+|fr|résistance|f}}, {{t|fr|mouvement clandestin|m}}, {{t|fr|organisation clandestine|f}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|იატაკქვეშა ორგანიზაცია}}
* German: {{t+|de|Untergrundorganisation|f}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|מַחְתֶּרֶת|f|tr=maẖtéret}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|gluaiseacht faoi choim|f}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|resistenza|f}}, {{t|it|movimento clandestino|m}}, {{t|it|organizzazione clandestina|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|по́дземје|n}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|podziemie|n}}, {{t+|pl|ruch oporu|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|resistência|f}}
* Romanian: {{t|ro|mișcare clandestină}}, {{t|ro|organizație clandestină}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|подпо́лье|n}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|[[movimiento]] [[clandestino]]|m}}, {{t|es|[[organización]] [[clandestina]]|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|movement or organisation of people who resist artistic convention}}
* French: {{t+|fr|underground|m}}, {{t|fr|mouvement d'avant-garde|m}}
* German: {{t|de|Underground|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|underground|m}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|а́ндерграунд|m}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|podziemie|n}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|submundo|m}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|андергра́унд|m|tr=andɛrgráund}}, {{t+|ru|андегра́унд|m|tr=andɛgráund}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|андергра́унд|m}}, {{t|uk|андегра́унд|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Verb===
{{en-verb}}

# To route electricity distribution cables underground.
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1962|year_published=1998
|publisher=Island Press
|editor=Carolyn Merchant
|author=David Pesonen
|title=Green Versus Gold: Sources in California's Environmental History
|chapter=Battles Over Energy
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=UmGlh4JWEvYC&pg=PA325&dq=%22to+underground%22+electricity&hl=en&ei=xHMsTMTTN6ejsQat-9DRAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=%22to%20underground%22&f=false
|isbn=9781559635806
|page=325
|passage=One is to '''underground''' where no other alternative will work, and this method should be used universally in urban regions as it now is in “downtown” sections.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2004
|publisher=Transportation Research Board
|editor=Transportation Research Board Committee on Utilities
|author=Don L. Ivey; C. Paul Scott
|title=Utilities and Roadside Safety
|chapter=Solutions
|volume_plain=State of the Art Report 9
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ilY43Oe0AtEC&pg=PA9&dq=undergrounding&as_brr=3&cd=10#v=onepage&q=undergrounding&f=false
|isbn=9780309094511
|page=9
|passage=Also, '''undergrounding''' may not eliminate the potential for crashes with other roadside objects, such as trees, walls, buildings, and so forth. [...] When looking at the fesibility of '''undergrounding''' utilities, the complete roadside area and nearby adjacent properties should be evaluated for potential roadside obstructions or hazards.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2006
|publisher=CRC Press
|author=Janes Northcote-Green; Robert Wilson
|title=Control and Automation of Electrical Power Distribution Systems
|chapter=Design, Construction and Operation of Distribution Systems, MV Networks
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=MOlyTVv8FVUC&pg=PA110&dq=undergrounded&hl=en&ei=XHMsTKGGJpzgsAbRl_nIAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=undergrounded&f=false
|isbn=9780824726317|page=110
|passage=The utility now wants the network to be '''undergrounded''' in the urban areas, which would mean substations with 33 kV distribution swtichgear.}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|to route electricity distribution cables underground}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|прокарвам под земята}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|υπογειώνω}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===See also===
* {{l|en|underground railway}}
* {{l|en|go underground}}<!-- = to go into hiding-->

{{cln|en|locatives}}
{{C|en|Rail transportation}}

==Finnish==

===Etymology===
{{ubor|fi|en|underground}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{fi-p|ander.graund}}

===Noun===
{{fi-noun}}

# [[#English|underground]] {{gloss|culture}}

====Declension====
{{fi-decl-risti|underground|||a|i=0}}

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|fi|title=compounds
|undergroundelokuva
|undergroundkirjallisuus
|undergroundkulttuuri
|undergroundsarjakuva
}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:KTSK|accessdate=2023-07-04}}

==French==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|fr|en|underground}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA|undergrawnde}}

===Adjective===
{{fr-adj|inv=y}}

# {{l|en|underground}} {{gloss|outside the mainstream}}

===Noun===
{{fr-noun|m|-}}

# {{lb|fr|singulare tantum}} the underground {{gloss|people who resist artistic convention}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:fr:TLFi}}

==Italian==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|it|en|underground}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{it-pr|andergràund<r:DiPI>}}

===Noun===
{{it-noun|head=[[l']]underground|m|#}}

# the underground {{gloss|people who resist artistic convention}}

===References===
<references />

==Romanian==

===Etymology===
{{ubor|ro|en|underground}}.

===Adjective===
{{ro-adj|inv}}

# {{l|en|underground}}

====Declension====
{{ro-decl-adj|inv}}

==Spanish==

===Etymology===
{{ubor|es|en|underground}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{es-pr|andergraund|ondergraund}}

===Noun===
{{es-noun|m}}

# {{l|en|underground}} {{gloss|movement}}

====Usage notes====
{{es-unadapted}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:es:DRAE}}

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Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/trans-work (edit)
Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/url (edit)
Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/urn (edit)
Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/volume (edit)
Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/volume plain (edit)
Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/work (edit)
Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/year (edit)
Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/year published (edit)
Wiktionary:Tracking/ro-adj new (edit)
Wiktionary:Tracking/ro-decl-adj/new (edit)
Wiktionary:Tracking/zh-translit/needs manual translit/cmn (edit)
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