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Zero-Shot Audio-Visual Compound Expression Recognition Method based on Emotion Probability Fusion

Elena Ryumina1, Maxim Markitantov1, Dmitry Ryumin1, Heysem Kaya2, Alexey Karpov1,
1 St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia 2 Department of Information and Computing Sciences Utrecht University, The Netherlands
CVPRW 2024 (accepted)
Paper Code 🤗 Model (coming soon) 🤗 Demo

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Abstract

A Compound Expression Recognition (CER) as a part of affective computing is a novel task in intelligent human-computer interaction and multimodal user interfaces. We propose a novel audio-visual method for CER. Our method relies on emotion recognition models that fuse modalities at the emotion probability level, while decisions regarding the prediction of compound expressions are based on the pair-wise sum of weighted emotion probability distributions. Notably, our method does not use any training data specific to the target task. Thus, the problem is a zero-shot classification task. The method is evaluated in multi-corpus training and cross-corpus validation setups. We achieved F1-score values equal to 32.15% and 25.56% for the AffWild2 and C-EXPR-DB test subsets without training on target corpus and target task, respectively. Therefore, our method is on par with methods developed training target corpus or target task.

Pipeline of the proposed audio-visual CER method

pipeline

An example of CEs prediction using video from the C-EXPR-DB corpus

pipeline

Conclusion

In this paper, we propose a novel audio-visual method for CER. The method integrates three models, including the static and dynamic visual models, as well as the audio model. Each model predicts the emotion probabilities for six basic emotions and the neutral state. The emotional probabilities are then weighted using the Dirichlet distribution. Finally, the pair-wise sum of weighted emotion probability distributions is applied to determine the compound emotions. Additionally, we provide new baselines for recognizing seven emotions on the validation subsets of the AffWild2 and AFEW corpora.

The experimental results demonstrate that each model is responsible for predicting specific Compound Expression (CE). For example, the acoustic model is responsible for predicting the Angry Surprised and Sadly Angry, the static visual model is responsible for predicting the Happily Surprised class, and the dynamic visual model predicts other CE well. In our future research, we aim to improve the generalization ability of the proposed method by adding a text model and increasing the number of heterogeneous training corpora for multi-corpus and cross-corpus studies.

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