Citizenship/Residence by Investment and Digital Nomad Visas: The Golden Era of Individual Tax Evasion and Avoidance?

Elisa Casi-Eberhard, Mohammed Mardan and Barbara M. B. Stage ()
Additional contact information
Barbara M. B. Stage: WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Postal: WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Burgplatz 2, D-56179 Vallendar, Germany, https://www.whu.edu/en/faculty/barbara-stage/

No 2023/12, Discussion Papers from Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Business and Management Science

Abstract: In recent decades, increased mobility of capital and labor improved individuals’ opportunities to avoid or evade tax. This chapter explores two programs commonly provided by tax havens that facilitate individuals in dodging taxation in their home country. We first focus on longer-existing initiatives targeting wealthy individuals by offering citizenship and residence-by-investment (CBI/RBI) programs and discuss how they allow individuals to evade taxes. We then delve into the recently launched digital nomad visa (DNV) programs, which grant individuals temporary residence in a country while working exclusively remotely. We provide a comprehensive overview of the key features of existing programs based on a novel, hand-collected dataset. Currently, more than 40 countries offer a DNV program, and half of them are tax havens. Although DNV programs mainly create concerns about tax avoidance, they can also provide tax evasion opportunities similar to those documented in the literature for CBI and RBI programs.

Keywords: Digital Nomadism; Citizenship- and Residence by-investment Programs; Digital Nomad Visa; Tax Residency; Tax Havens; Offshore Tax Avoidance and Evasion (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F42 G21 H26 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 26 pages
Date: 2023-08-31
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-iue, nep-pbe and nep-pub
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3086543 Full text (application/pdf)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hhs:nhhfms:2023_012

Access Statistics for this paper

More papers in Discussion Papers from Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Business and Management Science NHH, Department of Business and Management Science, Helleveien 30, N-5045 Bergen, Norway. Contact information at EDIRC.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Stein Fossen ().