[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

High capacity and multilevel information hiding algorithm based on pu partition modes for HEVC videos

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In order to realize copyright protection and piracy tracking for ever-increasing videos, video information hiding has gained more and more attention. For the latest video coding standard — High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), most of the information hiding algorithms are based on the same characteristics as those in MPEG4 and H.264, such as DCT coefficients, intra prediction modules and motion vectors. However, few algorithms are reported to hide information based on the innovation modules introduced by HEVC. This paper has proposed a high capacity and multilevel information hiding algorithm based on PU partition modes in P-frames, which is considered to be one of the most important innovative features of HEVC. The proposed algorithm consists of two stages: first round calculation and modification process. The first round calculation is to record the PU partition modes selected by HEVC. The modification process is to force each of PU mode into one of the encoded groups according to the embedding binary bits, and then use the modified PU partition modes for the left HEVC encoding process. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve high capacity and visual quality, and low bit rate increase, which significantly outperforms state-of-the-art works in embedding capacity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
£29.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (United Kingdom)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chang P-C, Chung K-L, Chen J-J, Lin C-H, Lin T-J (2014) A dct/dst-based error propagation-free data hiding algorithm for HEVC intra-coded frames. J Vis Commun Image Represent 25(2):239–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Chen Y, Yu Z, Wang X, Guo L (2017) Video information hiding algorithm based on diamond coding. Journal of Computer Applications

  3. Fallahpour M, Shirmohammadi S, Ghanbari M (2015) A high capacity data hiding algorithm for h.264/AVC video. Secur Commun Netw 8(16):2947–2955

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Lin T-J, Chung K-L, Chang P-C, Huang Y-H, Liao H-YM, Fang Cx-Y (2013) An improved dct-based perturbation scheme for high capacity data hiding in h.264/AVC intra frames. J Syst Softw 86(3):604–614

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Ma Y, Luo X, Li X, Bao Z, Zhang Y (2018) Selection of rich model steganalysis features based on decision rough set α-positive region reduction. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology

  6. Po CC, Chung KL, Chen JJ, Lin CH, Lin TJ (2014) An error propagation free data hiding algorithm in hevc intra-coded frames. In: Signal and information processing association summit and conference, pp 1–9

  7. Sheng Q, Wang R, Pei A, Wang B (2016) An information hiding algorithm for hevc based on differences of intra prediction modes. In: International conference on cloud computing and security. Springer, pp 63–74

  8. Sheng Q, Wang RD, Huang ML, Li Q, Xu DW (2017) A prediction mode steganalysis detection algorithm for hevc. J Optoelectron-laser 28(4):433–440

    Google Scholar 

  9. Tew Y, Wong K (2014) Information hiding in hevc standard using adaptive coding block size decision. In: 2014 IEEE international conference on image processing (ICIP). IEEE, pp 5502–5506

  10. Wang J, Wang R, Li W, Xu D, Huang M (2014) A high-capacity information hiding algorithm for hevc based on intra prediction mode. J Comput Inform Syst 10(20):8933–8943

    Google Scholar 

  11. Wang JJ, Wang RD, Wei LI, Da-Wen XU, Di QY (2014) An information hiding algorithm for hevc based on intra prediction. J Optoelectron Laser 25(8):1578–1585

    Google Scholar 

  12. Wang JJ, Wang RD, Li W, Xu DW, Xu J (2015) Video information hiding in intra prediction and block codes for hevc. Guangdianzi Jiguang/J Optoelectron Laser 26(5):942–950

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. Wang J, Li T, Shi Y-Q, Lian S, Ye J (2017) Forensics feature analysis in quaternion wavelet domain for distinguishing photographic images and computer graphics. Multimed Tools Appl 76(22):23721–23737

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Xie W-c, Yang Y-y, Li Z-h, Wang J-w, Zhang M (2018) An information hiding algorithm for hevc videos based on pu partitioning modes. In: International conference on cloud computing and security. Springer, pp 252–264

  15. Xu D, Wang R, Wang J (2012) Prediction mode modulated data-hiding algorithm for H.264/AVC. J Real-Time Image Process 7(4):205–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Yang J, Li S (2018) An efficient information hiding method based on motion vector space encoding for HEVC. Multimed Tools Appl 77(10):11979–12001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Yang G, Li J, He Y, Kang Z (2011) An information hiding algorithm based on intra-prediction modes and matrix coding for h.264/avc video stream. AEU - Int J Electron Commun 65(4):331–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Yi C, Wang H, Wu H, Liu Y (2018) Reversible video data hiding using zero QDCT coefficient-pairs. CoRR, arXiv:1804.06628

  19. Yi Z, Qin C, Zhang W, Liu F, Luo X (2018) On the fault-tolerant performance for a class of robust image steganography. Signal Process 146:99–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Zhang J, Maitre H, Li J, Zhang L (2001) Embedding watermark in mpeg video sequence. In: 2001 IEEE fourth workshop on multimedia signal processing. IEEE, pp 535–540

  21. Zhang H, Cao Y, Zhao X (2016) Motion vector-based video steganography with preserved local optimality. Multimed Tools Appl 75(21):13503–13519

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61702034).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China

    Yiyuan Yang

  2. School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China

    Zhaohong Li & Wenchao Xie

  3. School of Information and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, 100026, China

    Zhenzhen Zhang

Authors
  1. Yiyuan Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhaohong Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Wenchao Xie
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zhenzhen Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhaohong Li.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yang, Y., Li, Z., Xie, W. et al. High capacity and multilevel information hiding algorithm based on pu partition modes for HEVC videos. Multimed Tools Appl 78, 8423–8446 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6859-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6859-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation