[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ skip to main content
10.1145/2462932.2462935acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PageswikisymConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Psychological processes underlying Wikipedia representations of natural and manmade disasters

Published: 27 August 2012 Publication History

Abstract

Collective memories are precious resources for the society, because they help strengthening emotional bonding between community members, maintaining groups cohesion, and directing future behavior. Studying how people form their collective memories of emotional upheavals is important in order to better understand people's reactions and the consequences on their psychological health. Previous research investigated the effects of single traumatizing events, but few of them tried to compare different types of traumatic events like natural and man-made disasters. In this paper, interpreting Wikipedia as a collective memory place, we compare articles about natural and human-made disasters employing automated natural language techniques, in order to highlight the different psychological processes underlying users' sensemaking activities.

References

[1]
Adler, A. 1943. Neuropsychiatric complications in victims of Boston's Cocoanut Grove disaster. Journal of American Medical Association, 123, 1098--1011.
[2]
Agirre, E., and Edmonds, P. 2006. Word sense disambiguation. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
[3]
Alexander, J. C. 2004. Toward a Theory of Cultural Trauma. In Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity, J. C. Alexander, R. Eyerman, B. Giesen, N. J. Smelser, and P. Sztompka, Eds. University of California Press, Berkeley, 1--29.
[4]
Back, M. D., Küfner, A. C. P., and Egloff, B. 2011. "Automatic or the people?": Anger on September 11, 2001, and lessons learned for the Analysis of large digital data sets. Psychological Science Online, 22, 837--838.
[5]
Back, M. D., Küfner, A. C. P., and Egloff, B. 2010. The emotional timeline of September 11, 2001. Psychological Science, 21, 1417--1419.
[6]
Bantum, E., and Owen, J. 2009. Evaluating the validity of computerized content analysis programs for identification of emotional expression in cancer narratives. Psychological Assessment, 21, 1, 79--88.
[7]
Baum, A. 1987. Toxins, technology, and natural disasters. In. Cataclysms, crises, and catastrophes, G. R. Van den Bos, B. K. Bryant, Eds., American Psychological Association, Washington, DC, 5--54.
[8]
Baum, A., Fleming, R., and Davidson, L. M. 1983. Natural disaster and technological catastrophe. Environment and Behavior, 15, 3, 333--354.
[9]
Baum, A., Fleming, R., Reddy, D. M. 1986. Unemployment stress: Loss of control, reactance and learned helplessness. Social Science & Medicine, 22, 5, 509--516.
[10]
Baum, A., and Gatchel, R. J. 1981. Cognitive determinants of reaction to uncontrollable events: Development of reactance and learned helplessness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 1078--1089.
[11]
Britannica Online Encyclopedia. 2011. Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Availble at http://www.britannica.com/
[12]
Chung, C. K., and Pennebaker, J. W. 2007. The psychological function of function words. In Social communication: Frontiers of social psychology, K. Fiedler, Ed. Psychology Press, New York, 343--359.
[13]
Cohn, M. A., Mehl, M. R., and Pennebaker, J. W. 2004. Linguistic Markers of Psychological Change Surrounding September 11, 2001. Psychological Science, 15, 10, 687--693.
[14]
Davis, C. G., and Nolen-Hoeksema, S. 2001. Loss and meaning: How do people make sense of loss? American Behavioral Scientist, 44, 726--741.
[15]
Ferron, M., and Massa, P. 2011. Collective memory building in Wikipedia: the case of North African uprisings. In Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration (Mountain View, California, 3rd October 03--05, 2011). Wikisym 2011. ACM, New York, NY.
[16]
Ferron, M., and Massa, P. 2011. Studying collective memories in Wikipedia. 3rd Digital Memories Conference, Prague, March 14--16, 2011. Available at http://www.interdisciplinary.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/ferrondmpaper.pdf
[17]
Garde-Hanse, J., Hoskins, A., and Reading, A. 2009. Save As...Digital Memories. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke.
[18]
Gleser, G. C., Green, B. L., and Winget, C. 1981. Prolonged Psychosocial Effects of Disaster: A Study of Buffalo Creek. Academic Press, New York.
[19]
Gleser, G. C, Green, B. L., and Winget, C. N. 1978. Quantifying interview data on psychic impairment of disaster survivors. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 166, 209--216.
[20]
Green, B. L. 1996. Traumatic stress and disaster: mental health effects and factors influencing adaptation. In International review of psychiatry, vol. 2, E. Liehman, and C. Nadelson, Eds., American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC, 177--210.
[21]
Green, B. L. 1980. Prediction of long-term psycho-social functioning following the Beverly Hills fire. Doctoral thesis, University of Cincinnati.
[22]
Halbwachs, M. 1992. On Collective Memory. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
[23]
Henderson, S., and Bostock, T. 1977. Coping behavior after shipwreck. British Journal of Psychiatry, 131, 15--20.
[24]
History Central. 2011. History Central. Available at http://www.historycentral.com/
[25]
Information Britain. 2011. Information Britain. Available at http://www.information-britain.co.uk/
[26]
Keegan, B. 2011. Breaking News, Breaking Planes, and Breaking Hearts: Psycholinguistics and Sensemaking in Collaborative Accounts of Catastrophe. International Communication Association, Boston, MA.
[27]
Koss, M. P., and Kilpatrick, D. G. 2001. Rape and sexual assault. In The mental health consequences of torture, E. Gerrity, T. M. Keane, and F. Tuma, Eds., Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York, 177--193.
[28]
Lang, P. J., Greenwald, M. K., Bradley, M. M., and Hamm, A. O. 1993. Looking at pictures: affective, facial, visceral, and behavioral reactions. Psychophysiology, 30, 3, 261--273.
[29]
Leopold, L. R., and Dillon, H. 1963. Psycho-anatonomy of a disaster: a long term study of post-traumatic neurosis in survivors of a marine explosion. American Journal of Psychiatry, 119, 913--921.
[30]
Mehl, M. R., and Pennebaker, J. W. 2003. The social dynamics of a cultural upheaval: Social interactions surrounding September 11, 2001. Psychological Science, 14, 579--585.
[31]
Olick, J. K., and Levy, D. 1997. Collective memory and cultural constraint: Holocaust myth and rationality in German politics. American Sociological Review, 62, 6, 921--936.
[32]
Osborne, J. W. 2010. Improving your data transformations: applying the Box-Cox transformation. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 15, 12, 1--9.
[33]
Pennebaker, J. W. 1997. Opening up: The healing power of emotional expression. Guilford, New York.
[34]
Pennebaker, J. W., and Banasik, B. 1997. On the creation and maintenance of collective memories: History as social psychology. In Collective memory of political events: Social psychological perspectives, J. W. Pennebaker, D. Paez, and B. Rime, Eds. Erlbaum Publishers, Mahwah, NJ.
[35]
Pennebaker, J. W., and Francis, M. E. 1996. Cognitive, emotional, and language processes in disclosure. Cognition and Emotion, 10, 601--626.
[36]
Pennebaker, J. W., Francis, M. E., and Booth, R. J. 2001. Linguistic inquiry and word count (LIWC): LIWC 2001. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah.
[37]
Pennebaker, J. W., and Harber, K. 1993. A social stage model of collective coping: The Loma Prieta earthquake and the Persian Gulf War. Journal of Social lssues, 49, 125--145.
[38]
Pennebaker, J. W., Mehl, M. R., and Niederhoffer, K. G. 2003. Psychological aspects of natural language use: Our words, our selves. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 547--577.
[39]
Pennebaker, J. W., Paez, D., and Rimé, B. 1997. Collective Memory of Political Events: Social Psychological Perspectives. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah.
[40]
Pentzold, C. 2009. Fixing the floating gap: The online encyclopaedia Wikipedia as a global memory place. Memory Studies, 2, 2, 255--272.
[41]
Ploeger, A. 1972. A 10-year follow up of miners trapped for two weeks under threatening circumstances. In Stress and Anxiety, C. D. Spielberger, and I. G. Sarason, Eds., Hemisphere, Washington, DC.
[42]
Pury, C. L. S. 2011. Automation can lead to confounds in text analysis: Back, Küfner, and Egloff (2010) and the not-so-angry Americans. Psychological Science, 22.
[43]
Pyszczynski, T. A., Solomon, S., and Greenberg, J. 2002. In the wake of 9/11: The psychology of terror. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
[44]
Reser, J. P. 2004. The experience of natural disasters: psychological perspectives and understanding. In International Perspectives on Natural Disasters: Occurrence, Mitigation, and Consequences, J. P. Stoltman, J. Lidstone, and L. M. DeChano, Eds. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 369--384.
[45]
Rimé, B., Finkenauer, C., Luminet, O., Zech, E., and Philippot, P. 1998. Social sharing of emotion: New evidence and new questions. In European review of social psychology, vol. 9, W. Stroebe, and M. Hewstone, Eds. Whiley, Chichester, England, 145--189.
[46]
Russell, J., 1980. A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personal and Social Psychology, 39, 1161--1178.
[47]
Sokal, R. R., and Rohlf, F. J. 1981. Biometry, 2nd Ed. W. H. Freeman, New York.
[48]
Stone, A. A., Turkkan, J. S., Bachrach, C. A., Jobe, J. B., Kurtzman, H. S., and Cain, V. S. 2000. The science of self-report: Implications for research and practice. Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ.
[49]
Stroebe, M. S., Hansson, R. O., Stroebe, W., and Schut, H. 2001. Handbook of bereavement research: Consequences, coping, and care. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
[50]
Sturken, M. 1997. Tangled Memories: The Vietnam War, the AIDS Epidemic, and the Politics of Remembering. University of California Press, London.
[51]
Tausczik, Y., and Pennebaker, J. 2010. The Psychological Meaning of Words: LIWC and Computerized Text Analysis Methods. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 29, 1, 24.
[52]
Titchener, J. L., and Kapp, F. T. 1976. Family and character change at Buffalo Creek. American Journal of Psychiatry, 133, 295--299.
[53]
Wang, Q. 2008. On the cultural constitution of collective memory. Memory, 16, 3, 305--317.
[54]
Weik, M. 1996. Communications standard dictionary. Chapman & Hall, New York.
[55]
Wikipedia: The free encyclopedia. 2012. Wikipedia: Writing better articles. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:1SP
[56]
Wikipedia: The free encyclopedia. 2012. Wikipedia: What Wikipedia is not. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not
[57]
Wikipedia: The free encyclopedia. 2012. Wikipedia: Neutral point of view. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view
[58]
Wortman, C. B., and Brehm, J. W. 1975. Responses to uncontrollable outcomes: An integration of reactance theory and the learned helplessness model. In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, L. Berkowitz, Ed., Academic, New York, 278--336.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Stimulation of the collective memory of the 1999 Turkey earthquake through the Turkish media coverage of the 2023 earthquakeOnline Journal of Communication and Media Technologies10.30935/ojcmt/1440714:2(e202420)Online publication date: 2024
  • (2024)Flood of techniques and drought of theories: emotion mining in disastersJournal of Computational Social Science10.1007/s42001-024-00330-28:1Online publication date: 29-Nov-2024
  • (2021)Crisis communicationProceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing10.1145/3412841.3442044(1711-1720)Online publication date: 22-Mar-2021
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
WikiSym '12: Proceedings of the Eighth Annual International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration
August 2012
295 pages
ISBN:9781450316057
DOI:10.1145/2462932
  • General Chair:
  • Cliff Lampe
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 27 August 2012

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. LIWC
  2. automated content analysis techniques
  3. collective memories
  4. man-made disasters
  5. natural disasters
  6. traumatic events

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Conference

WikiSym '12
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

WikiSym '12 Paper Acceptance Rate 21 of 37 submissions, 57%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 69 of 145 submissions, 48%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)37
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)3
Reflects downloads up to 11 Dec 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Stimulation of the collective memory of the 1999 Turkey earthquake through the Turkish media coverage of the 2023 earthquakeOnline Journal of Communication and Media Technologies10.30935/ojcmt/1440714:2(e202420)Online publication date: 2024
  • (2024)Flood of techniques and drought of theories: emotion mining in disastersJournal of Computational Social Science10.1007/s42001-024-00330-28:1Online publication date: 29-Nov-2024
  • (2021)Crisis communicationProceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing10.1145/3412841.3442044(1711-1720)Online publication date: 22-Mar-2021
  • (2021)Postmortem memory of public figures in news and social mediaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences10.1073/pnas.2106152118118:38Online publication date: 15-Sep-2021
  • (2020)Expressions of Resilience: Social Media Responses to a Flooding EventRisk Analysis10.1111/risa.1363941:9(1600-1613)Online publication date: 14-Nov-2020
  • (2020)Affective and cognitive features of comments added by forwarders in Sina Weibo during disastersProceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology10.1002/pra2.29957:1Online publication date: 22-Oct-2020
  • (2019)Anger in Wikipedia: Perceived intentionality and threat appraisal as mediators of anger about man‐made attacksJournal of Applied Social Psychology10.1111/jasp.1256849:2(99-116)Online publication date: 9-Jan-2019
  • (2018)Emotions in Wikipedia: the role of intended negative events in the expression of sadness and anger in online peer productionBehaviour & Information Technology10.1080/0144929X.2018.155470238:8(796-806)Online publication date: 4-Dec-2018
  • (2017)Emotional Content in Wikipedia Articles on Negative Man-Made and Nature-Made EventsJournal of Language and Social Psychology10.1177/0261927X1771756837:3(267-287)Online publication date: 29-Jun-2017
  • (2017)The memory remains: Understanding collective memory in the digital ageScience Advances10.1126/sciadv.16023683:4(e1602368)Online publication date: 5-Apr-2017
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media