Authors:
Eduardo L. Falcão
1
;
Antônio A. Neto
2
;
Francisco Brasileiro
1
and
Andrey Brito
1
Affiliations:
1
Department of Computing and Systems, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande and Brazil
;
2
Department of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba – Campus IV, Rio Tinto and Brazil
Keyword(s):
Reciprocity Mechanisms, Resource and Availability Asymmetry, Transitive Reciprocity, Cloud Federations.
Abstract:
Several P2P systems of resource sharing use cooperation incentive mechanisms to identify and punish free riders, i.e., non-reciprocal individuals. A widespread approach is to use the levels of reciprocity, either directly or indirectly, to decide the extent to which an individual should trust other partners. One restriction of direct reciprocity mechanisms is the inability to foster cooperation between individuals with asymmetrical resources or availability incompatibility. In this work, we evaluate the performance of cloud federations ruled by the combination of the well-known direct reciprocity with transitive reciprocity, a strategy that allows direct reciprocity mechanisms to deal with asymmetry between individuals, while still keeping the benefits of direct reciprocity. For this, we implemented a simulator of resource bartering in cloud federations and experimented it with workloads synthesized from traces of real systems. Our best results showed an average increase of 12.83% an
d 26.38% on the sharing level of the federation, in an optimistic but unrealistic mechanism setup. When configured in a feasible and realistic manner, the transitive reciprocity was able to increase the sharing level up to an average of 6.02% and 7.53%.
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