Journal of Optical Communications and Networking
Vol. 10,
Issue 12,
pp. 975-990
(2018)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.10.000975

Joint Optimal Transceiver Placement and Resource Allocation Schemes for Redirected Cooperative Hybrid FSO/mmW 5G Fronthaul Networks

Mahmoud A. Hasabelnaby, Hossam A. I. Selmy, and Moawad I. Dessouky

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Mahmoud A. Hasabelnaby, Hossam A. I. Selmy, and Moawad I. Dessouky, "Joint Optimal Transceiver Placement and Resource Allocation Schemes for Redirected Cooperative Hybrid FSO/mmW 5G Fronthaul Networks," J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 10, 975-990 (2018)

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Abstract

To meet the requirements of the 5G mobile network, a new innovative approach called centralized radio access network (C-RAN) architecture is introduced. In C-RAN architecture, the fronthaul network must provide high capacity, high availability, and low latency to be able to transmit massive traffic between remote radio heads (RRHs) and baseband processing units. In this paper, two joint transceiver placement and resource allocation schemes are proposed for redirected cooperative hybrid free-space optics (FSO)/millimeter-wave (mmW) fronthaul networks. The schemes aim to obtain the optimal FSO/mmW transceiver placement that optimizes reliability, average transmitted power, average bit error rate (BER), and number of disrupted links of redirected cooperative hybrid FSO/mmW fronthaul networks in various weather conditions. The schemes are formulated as multiobjective and bilevel integer linear programming problems and solved by using an exhaustive search method to obtain optimal solutions. The numerical results reveal that improvements are obtained in the network reliability, average transmitted power, and average BER by implementing the optimal placement, especially at low visibility and/or high rainfall rate conditions.

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Mahmoud A. Hasabelnaby	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-5734
Hossam A. I. Selmy	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9733-483X

FSO System
FSO Link Parameters	Values
Number of FSO transceivers $(N_{f})$	14
Signal wavelength $(λ)$	1550 nm
Divergence angle $(θ)$	$2 mm \cdot rad / m$
Diameter of transmitter $(d_{t})$	8 cm
Diameter of receiver $(d_{r})$	20 cm
Optical efficiency of transmitter $(E_{t})$	0.75
Optical efficiency of receiver $(E_{r})$	0.75
Average transmitted power levels $(p_{k}^{f})$	13, 16, 17.7, 19 dBm
Average background noise power $(p_{g})$	−52 dBm
Discrete bit rates $(t_{k}^{f})$	0.614, 1.25, 2.5 Gbps
Modulation format	(2,4,16) PPM
BER threshold $({BER}_{\max})$	$10^{- 12}$
mmW System
mmW link Parameters	Values
Number of mmW transceivers ( $N_{m}$ )	14
Signal frequency $(f_{m})$	72 GHz
Receiver noise figure $(F)$	7 dB
Transmitter gain $(G_{t})$	41 dBi
Receiver gain $(G_{r})$	41 dBi
Average transmitted power levels $(p_{l}^{m})$	8, 10, 12, 14 dBm
Noise power spectral density $(N_{0})$	−114 dBm/MHz
Discrete bit rates $(t_{l}^{m})$	0.614, 1.25, 2.5 Gbps
Modulation format	(2,4,16) QAM
BER threshold $({BER}_{\max})$	$10^{- 12}$

Proposed Scheme	Joint Intervals of Visibility and Rainfall (Loss Intervals) $Δ δ_{1 s}$		Optimal Configurations
LMMTP	$F_{r} = 2 mm / h$	$V > 0.341 km$	First configuration
	$F_{r} = 2 mm / h$	$V \leq 0.341 km$	Third configuration
	$V = 1 km$	$F_{r} < 27 mm / h$	First configuration
	$V = 1 km$	$F_{r} \geq 27$	Third configuration
LATP	$F_{r} = 2 mm / h$	$V > 0.29 km$	First configuration
	$F_{r} = 2 mm / h$	$V \leq 0.29 km$	Third configuration
	$V = 1 km$	$F_{r} < 42 km$	First configuration
	$V = 1 km$	$F_{r} \geq 42 km$	Third configuration

FSO System
FSO Link Parameters	Values
Number of FSO transceivers $(N_{f})$	14
Signal wavelength $(λ)$	1550 nm
Divergence angle $(θ)$	$2 mm \cdot rad / m$
Diameter of transmitter $(d_{t})$	8 cm
Diameter of receiver $(d_{r})$	20 cm
Optical efficiency of transmitter $(E_{t})$	0.75
Optical efficiency of receiver $(E_{r})$	0.75
Average transmitted power levels $(p_{k}^{f})$	13, 16, 17.7, 19 dBm
Average background noise power $(p_{g})$	−52 dBm
Discrete bit rates $(t_{k}^{f})$	0.614, 1.25, 2.5 Gbps
Modulation format	(2,4,16) PPM
BER threshold $({BER}_{\max})$	$10^{- 12}$
mmW System
mmW link Parameters	Values
Number of mmW transceivers ( $N_{m}$ )	14
Signal frequency $(f_{m})$	72 GHz
Receiver noise figure $(F)$	7 dB
Transmitter gain $(G_{t})$	41 dBi
Receiver gain $(G_{r})$	41 dBi
Average transmitted power levels $(p_{l}^{m})$	8, 10, 12, 14 dBm
Noise power spectral density $(N_{0})$	−114 dBm/MHz
Discrete bit rates $(t_{l}^{m})$	0.614, 1.25, 2.5 Gbps
Modulation format	(2,4,16) QAM
BER threshold $({BER}_{\max})$	$10^{- 12}$

Proposed Scheme	Joint Intervals of Visibility and Rainfall (Loss Intervals) $Δ δ_{1 s}$		Optimal Configurations
LMMTP	$F_{r} = 2 mm / h$	$V > 0.341 km$	First configuration
	$F_{r} = 2 mm / h$	$V \leq 0.341 km$	Third configuration
	$V = 1 km$	$F_{r} < 27 mm / h$	First configuration
	$V = 1 km$	$F_{r} \geq 27$	Third configuration
LATP	$F_{r} = 2 mm / h$	$V > 0.29 km$	First configuration
	$F_{r} = 2 mm / h$	$V \leq 0.29 km$	Third configuration
	$V = 1 km$	$F_{r} < 42 km$	First configuration
	$V = 1 km$	$F_{r} \geq 42 km$	Third configuration

Joint Optimal Transceiver Placement and Resource Allocation Schemes for Redirected Cooperative Hybrid FSO/mmW 5G Fronthaul Networks

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Equations (15)

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking