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article

Face recognition: A literature survey

Authors:

P. J. Phillips,

A. RosenfeldAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), Volume 35, Issue 4

Pages 399 - 458

https://doi.org/10.1145/954339.954342

Published: 01 December 2003 Publication History

Abstract

As one of the most successful applications of image analysis and understanding, face recognition has recently received significant attention, especially during the past several years. At least two reasons account for this trend: the first is the wide range of commercial and law enforcement applications, and the second is the availability of feasible technologies after 30 years of research. Even though current machine recognition systems have reached a certain level of maturity, their success is limited by the conditions imposed by many real applications. For example, recognition of face images acquired in an outdoor environment with changes in illumination and/or pose remains a largely unsolved problem. In other words, current systems are still far away from the capability of the human perception system.This paper provides an up-to-date critical survey of still- and video-based face recognition research. There are two underlying motivations for us to write this survey paper: the first is to provide an up-to-date review of the existing literature, and the second is to offer some insights into the studies of machine recognition of faces. To provide a comprehensive survey, we not only categorize existing recognition techniques but also present detailed descriptions of representative methods within each category. In addition, relevant topics such as psychophysical studies, system evaluation, and issues of illumination and pose variation are covered.

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Cited By

Anghelone DChen CRoss ADantcheva A(2025)Beyond the visible: A survey on cross-spectral face recognitionNeurocomputing10.1016/j.neucom.2024.128626611(128626)Online publication date: Jan-2025
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Index Terms

Face recognition: A literature survey
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Machine learning

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cover image ACM Computing Surveys

ACM Computing Surveys Volume 35, Issue 4

December 2003

129 pages

ISSN:0360-0300

EISSN:1557-7341

DOI:10.1145/954339

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Copyright © 2003 ACM.

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Published: 01 December 2003

Published in CSUR Volume 35, Issue 4

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Cited By

Anghelone DChen CRoss ADantcheva A(2025)Beyond the visible: A survey on cross-spectral face recognitionNeurocomputing10.1016/j.neucom.2024.128626611(128626)Online publication date: Jan-2025
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2024.128626
Ullah SOu JXie YTian W(2024)Facial expression recognition (FER) survey: a vision, architectural elements, and future directionsPeerJ Computer Science10.7717/peerj-cs.202410(e2024)Online publication date: 3-Jun-2024
https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.2024
Ahmadi SDianat R(2024)A two-stage clustering-based distributed framework for large-scale face identificationSignal and Data Processing10.61186/jsdp.21.1.5321:1(53-70)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2024
https://doi.org/10.61186/jsdp.21.1.53
Mr. Anup Sonawane Mr. Vishal Ahire Mr. Om Tupe Mr. Priyanshu Tambat Mr. Vedant Kavde (2024)“Face Log” (Attendance Management System using Face Recognition)International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology10.48175/IJARSCT-15535(182-187)Online publication date: 29-Feb-2024
https://doi.org/10.48175/IJARSCT-15535
Sripathi MLeelavati T(2024)Performance Metrics for Neurosensory Marketing StrategiesNeurosensory and Neuromarketing Impacts on Consumer Behavior10.4018/979-8-3693-8222-6.ch012(265-294)Online publication date: 4-Oct-2024
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Vegas JRao ALlamas C(2024)Deep Learning System for User Identification Using Sensors on DoorknobsSensors10.3390/s2415507224:15(5072)Online publication date: 5-Aug-2024
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Chi TChen TLin YLin TZhang JLu CChen SLi KAbu P(2024)An Edge Computing System with AMD Xilinx FPGA AI Customer Platform for Advanced Driver Assistance SystemSensors10.3390/s2410309824:10(3098)Online publication date: 13-May-2024
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Li WCen XPang LCao Z(2024)HyperFace: A Deep Fusion Model for Hyperspectral Face RecognitionSensors10.3390/s2409278524:9(2785)Online publication date: 27-Apr-2024
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