Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T02:13:42.897Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Regional morphological variations in the compound eyes of certain mesopelagic shrimps in relation to their habitat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

E. Gaten ,
P. M. J. Shelton  and
P. J. Herring
E. Gaten
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH
P. M. J. Shelton
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH
P. J. Herring
Affiliation:
Institute of Oceanographic Sciences Deacon Laboratory, Wormley, Godalming, Surrey, GU8 5UB
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The anatomy of the eyes of several species of mesopelagic decapods (family Oplophoridae), obtained from the eastern north Atlantic, is described and related to the unique light environment of the deep seas. The oplophorid eyes are of the reflecting superposition type, but they show a number of regional morphological variations. The main rhabdom, formed by retinula cells Rl to R7, comes in a variety of shapes, from fusiform rhabdoms in the dorsal region of the eyes of Oplophorus spinosus to multi-lobed interdigitating rhabdoms in deepwater species. The distal rhabdom, contributed to each ommatidium by retinula cell R8, gradually increases in size towards the ventral part of the eye in Systellaspis debilis and O. spinosus. Histological examination of the tapetum shows that it is incomplete dorsally in some species from the upper mesopelagic zone (S. debilis, O. spinosus), and that the amount of reflecting pigment in the tapetal cells increases in the ventral part of the eye. The tapetum is complete in some deep-water species (Systellaspis cristata, Acanthephyra kingsleyi, A. pelagica). These adaptations of the rhabdoms and tapeta are thought to be concerned with increased sensitivity to the dim up-welling irradiance and to bioluminescence. A dorsal accessory compound eye consisting of a small group of apparently functional apposition-type ommatidia is described.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 72 , Issue 1 , February 1992 , pp. 61 - 75
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Clarke, G.L. & Denton, E.J., 1962. Light and animal life. In The sea (Physical oceanography) (ed. Hill, M.N.), pp. 456–468. New York: Interscience.Google Scholar
Crosnier, A. & Forest, J., 1973. Les crevettes profondes de l'Atlantique oriental tropical. Faune Tropicale, 19, 1–409.Google Scholar
Cummins, D. & Goldsmith, T.H., 1981. Cellular identification of the violet receptor in the crayfish eye. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 142A, 199–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denton, E.J., 1990. Light and vision at depths greater than 200 metres. In Light and life in the sea (ed. Herring, P.J., et al.), pp. 127–148. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Doughtie, D.G. & Rao, K.R., 1984. Ultrastructure of the eyes of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. General morphology, and light and dark adaptation at noon. Cell and Tissue Research, 238, 271–288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eguchi, E. & Waterman, T.H., 1966. Fine structure patterns in crustacean rhabdoms. In The functional organization of the compound eye (ed. Bernhard, C.G.), pp. 105–124. Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Fincham, A.A., 1984. Ontogeny and optics of the eyes of the common prawn Palaemon (Palaemon) sermtus (Pennant, 1777). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 81, 89–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foxton, P., 1970. The Vertical Distribution Of Pelagic Decapods (Crustacea: Natantia) Collected On The Sond Cruise 1965. I. The Caridea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 50, 939–960.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frank, T.M. & Case, J.F., 1988. Visual spectral sensitivities of bioluminescent deep-sea crustaceans. Biological Bulletin. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, 175, 261–273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaten, E., 1990. The ultrastructure of the compound eye of Munida rugosa (Crustacea: Anomura) and pigment migration during light and dark adaptation. Journal of Morphology, 205, 243–253.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gaten, E., Shelton, P.M.J., Chapman, C.J. & Shanks, A.M., 1990. Depth related variation in the structure and functioning of the compound eye of the Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 70, 343–355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodman, L.J., 1981. Organization and physiology of the insect dorsal ocellar system. In Handbook of sensory physiology, vol. VII/6C (ed. Autrum, H.), pp. 201–286. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Herring, P.J., 1976. Bioluminescence in decapod Crustacea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 56, 1029–1047.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herring, P.J., 1983. The spectral characteristics of luminous marine organisms. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (B), 220, 183–217.Google Scholar
Herring, P.J. & Roe, H.S.J., 1988. The photoecology of pelagic oceanic decapods. In Aspects of decapod crustacean biology (ed. Fincham, A.A. and Rainbow, P.S.), pp. 263–283. Zoological Society of London & Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Hiller-Adams, P. & Case, J.F., 1988. Eye size of pelagic crustaceans as a function of habitat depth and possession of photophores. Vision Research, 28, 667–680.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jerlov, N.G., 1976. Marine Optics. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Karnovsky, M.J., 1965. A formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative of high osmolality for use in electron microscopy. Journal of Cell Biology, 27, 137A–138A.Google Scholar
Kirk, J.T.O., 1983. Light and photosynthesis in aquatic ecosystems. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Land, M.F., 1976. Superposition images are formed by reflection in the eyes of some oceanic decapod Crustacea. Nature, London, 263, 764–765.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Land, M.F., 1980. Eye movements and the mechanism of vertical steering in euphausiid Crustacea. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 137A, 255–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Land, M.F., 1981. Optics of the eyes of Phronima and other deep-sea amphipods. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 145A, 209–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Land, M.F., 1984. Crustacea. In Photoreception and vision in invertebrates (ed. Ali, M.A.), pp. 401–438. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Land, M.F., 1989. The eyes of hyperiid amphipods: relations of optical structure to depth. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 164A, 751–762.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Land, M.F., Burton, F.A. & Meyer-Rochow, V.B., 1979. The optical geometry of euphausiid eyes. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 130A, 49–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Latz, M.I., Frank, T.M. & Case, J.F., 1988. Spectral composition of bioluminescence of epipelagic organisms from the Sargasso Sea. Marine Biology, 98, 441–446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsui, S., Seidou, M., Horiuchi, S., Uchiyama, I. & Kito, Y., 1988. Adaptation of a deep-sea cephalopod to the photic environment. Journal of General Physiology, 92, 55–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer-Rochow, V.B., 1975. Larval and adult eye of the western rock lobster (Panulirus longipes). Cell and Tissue Research, 162, 439–457.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meyer-Rochow, V.B. & Walsh, S., 1977. The eyes of mesopelagic crustaceans: I. Gennadas sp. (Penaeidae). Cell and Tissue Research, 184, 87–101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nilsson, D.-E., 1990. Three unexpected cases of refracting superposition eyes in crustaceans. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 167A, 71–78.Google Scholar
Nilsson, D.-E. & Nilsson, H.L., 1981. A crustacean compound eye adapted for low light intensities (Isopoda). Journal of Comparative Physiology, 143A, 503–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roe, H.S.J., 1984. The diel migrations and distributions within a mesopelagic community in the north east Atlantic. 2. Vertical migrations and feeding of mysids and decapod Crustacea. Progress in Oceanography, 13, 269–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaw, S.R. & Stowe, S., 1982. Photoreception. In The biology of Crustacea, vol. 3 (ed. Atwood, H. L. and Sandeman, D. C.), pp. 291–367. New York: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shelton, P.M.J., Gaten, E. & Chapman, C.J., 1985. Light and retinal damage in Nephrops norvegicus (L.). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (B), 226, 217–236.Google Scholar
Shelton, P.M.J., Gaten, E. & Herring, P.J., 1989. Compound eye morphology, pigment migration and light-induced retinula damage in mesopelagic decapod crustaceans. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 69, 737.Google Scholar
Shelton, P.M.J., Gaten, E. & Herring, P.J., 1992. Adaptations of tapeta in the eyes of mesopelagic decapod shrimps to match the oceanic irradiance distribution. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 72,CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tokarski, T.R. & Hafner, G.S., 1984. Regional morphological variations within the crayfish eye. Cell and Tissue Research, 235, 387–392.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vogt, K., 1975. Optik des Flubkrebsauges. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, 30C, 691.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warrant, E.J. & Mclntyre, P.D., 1991. Strategies for retinal design in arthropod eyes of low F-number. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 168A, 499–512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waterman, T.H., 1981. olarization sensitivity. In Handbook of sensory physiology, vol. VII/6B (ed. Autrum, H.), pp. 281–470. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Welsh, J.H. & Chace, F.A. Jr, 1937. Eyes of deep sea crustaceans. I. Acanthephyridae. Biological Bulletin. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, 72, 57–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Welsh, J.H. & Chace, F.A. Jr, 1938. Eyes of deep sea crustaceans. II. Sergestidae. Biological Bulletin. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, 74, 364–375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zyznar, E.S., 1970. The eyes of white shrimp, Penaeus setiferus (Linnaeus), with a note on the rock shrimp, Sicyonia brevirostris Stimpson. Contributions in Marine Science, University of Texas, 15, 87–102.Google Scholar