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Cropping-resilient 3D mesh watermarking based on consistent segmentation and mesh steganalysis

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Abstract

This paper presents a new approach to 3D mesh watermarking using consistent segmentation and mesh steganalysis. The method is blind, statistical, and highly robust to cropping attack. The primary watermarking domain is calculated by shape diameter function and the outliers of segments are eliminated by computing the consistency interval of vertex norms. In the watermark embedding process, the mesh is divided into several segments and the same watermark is inserted in each segment. In the watermark extraction process, the final watermark among watermark candidates extracted from multiple segments is determined through watermark trace analysis that is kind of mesh steganalysis. We analyze the watermark trace energy of multiple segments of a mesh and detect the final watermark in the segment with the highest watermark trace energy. To analyze the watermark trace energy, we employ nonlinear least-squares fitting. The experimental results show that the proposed method not only achieves significantly high robustness against cropping attack, but also resists common signal processing attacks such as additive noise, quantization, smoothing and simplification.

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Acknowledgements

This research project was supported by Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (MCST) and from Korea Copyright Commission in 2016.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computing, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea

    Han-Ul Jang, Hak-Yeol Choi, Jeongho Son, Dongkyu Kim, Jong-Uk Hou, Sunghee Choi & Heung-Kyu Lee

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  1. Han-Ul Jang
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  2. Hak-Yeol Choi
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  4. Dongkyu Kim
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Correspondence to Heung-Kyu Lee.

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Jang, HU., Choi, HY., Son, J. et al. Cropping-resilient 3D mesh watermarking based on consistent segmentation and mesh steganalysis. Multimed Tools Appl 77, 5685–5712 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-017-4483-6

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