Earl Ray Tomblin
Earl Ray Tomblin (b. March 15, 1952 in Logan County, West Virginia) was the 35th governor of West Virginia. A Democrat, he first assumed the office of acting governor by virtue of his role as President of the West Virginia State Senate in January 2010, and was elected on October 4, 2011 to serve the remainder of former governor Joe Manchin's unexpired term.[1] He won a full, four-year term in the 2012 elections.[2][3][4]
Tomblin was ineligible to seek re-election in 2016 due to term limits.
Before being elected governor, Tomblin was a state legislator for 36 years. He served in the state Senate from 1980 to 2010, representing the 7th District. Tomblin was the longest serving senate president in West Virginia history, having been elected to the position 18 straight years. Prior to that he served in the House of Delegates from 1974-1980.[5]
Biography
Tomblin was born on March 15, 1952 in Logan County, WV. Growing up, he and his family lived above a Chapmanville restaurant his parents owned. He worked in the restaurant busing tables before attending West Virginia University, where he earned a bachelor of science degree.[6][7][8]
Education
- Chapmanville High School, 1970
- B.S., Business management, West Virginia University
- M.B.A., Marshall University
Political career
Governor of West Virginia (2010-2017)
Tomblin was sworn in as Acting Governor on November 16, 2010.[9][10] He became the interim Governor of West Virginia when current Governor Joe Manchin resigned to fill the United States Senate seat of the late Senator Robert C. Byrd.[11][12][13]
Tomblin's plans as acting governor |
On November 8, 2010, Tomblin announced that he would act as both acting governor of West Virginia and senate president, while turning over the day-to-day running of the senate to Senate Pro Tempore Joe Minard (D-Harrison). “Our Constitution and our laws contemplate a clear and organized transfer of power,” said Tomblin. “The Constitution states that, when a vacancy arises in the offices of governor, the senate president shall act as governor until a vacancy is filled. Throughout my tenure as Senate President, I have always been mindful of this responsibility.”[14][15][16]
Tomblin was ineligible to seek re-election in 2016 due to term limits.
Economic Development and Commerce Committee
In October 2013, Tomblin was appointed Vice Chair of the Economic Development and Commerce Committee in the National Governors Association by NGA Chair Oklahoma Governor Mary Fallin and NGA Vice Chair Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper.[17]
Coal
Tomblin refused to endorse fellow Democrat Barack Obama in his re-election campaign in 2012 due to what Tomblin called the federal government's "war on coal."[18] After taking office in November 2010, Tomblin continued the lawsuit started by the Manchin administration against the EPA for "usurping authority of state DEP to regulate mining." As governor, he led rallies in support of coal and continued to attack the EPA for regulations he saw as federal overreach.[19] In May 2011, Tomblin joined Division of Motor Vehicles Commissioner Joe Miller to unveil the Friends of Coal license plate.[20]
A number of other high-ranking Democrats joined with Tomblin in 2013 in opposing new emission rules put forth by the EPA. Tomblin wrote, "The EPA’s proposed limits on greenhouse gas emissions threaten the livelihood of our coal miners to the point of killing jobs and crippling our state and national economies, while also weakening our country’s efforts toward energy independence."[21][22]
Tomblin was endorsed by the West Virginia Coal Association, who stated, “Gov. Tomblin is a son of the coalfields. He knows coal and West Virginia’s 63,000 coal mining families are in a very real sense his family,” White said. “He knows how important it is to have a job, to pay your bills and provide for your children. He has always stood with us...not just as a ‘friend’ of coal but as one of us."[23]
Food tax
On June 30, 2013, Tomblin announced that the state sales tax on food would be completely eliminated on July 1, stating, “For too long West Virginians have been burdened by a regressive tax on one of life’s basic necessities. The elimination of the food tax allows families to keep more of their hard-earned money.”[24]
Tomblin, in his position as President of the Senate at the time, began the phase out of the 6 percent food tax in 2005 with then-Gov. Joe Manchin. It was reduced to 3 percent in 2008 and 1 percent in 2012. In 2011, Tomblin signed legislation to completely eliminate the tax by July 1, 2013.[25]
It was estimated that residents saved $162 million a year since the beginning of the phase-out.[26] The food tax began in 1989 at a time when the state was $230 million in debt.[27]
Job approval rating
A May 2013 survey by Republican strategist Mark Blankenship showed Tomblin's job approval rating at 69 percent, unchanged from two months earlier. Additionally, the poll showed only three percent of voters blamed him for job losses in the state, while 49 percent blamed President Obama.[28][29]
“I’m very pleased and happy to have those kinds of approval ratings,” Tomblin stated.[30]
A nonpartisan study conducted for the Daily Mail by R.L. Repass and Partners found Tomblin with a 51 percent job approval rating.[31]
Job creation ranking
A June 2013 analysis by The Business Journals ranked 45 governors based on the annual private sector growth rate in all 50 states using data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Tomblin was ranked number 36 (tie). The five governors omitted from the analysis all assumed office in 2013.[32][33]
Judicial appointments
As governor, Tomblin is responsible for appointing judges to West Virginia state courts. In West Virginia, the governor makes a judicial appointment to fill a vacancy. The judge serves the remainder of the unexpired term. For an up-to-date list of all of Tomblin's appointees, see Ballotpedia's page on his appointments.
Medicaid expansion
In early May 2013, Tomblin announced West Virginia would expand Medicaid coverage, an option under the 2010 federal Affordable Care Act. Under the plan approximately 91,500 additional state residents would become eligible for insurance coverage. Tomblin became the 27th governor to agree to the expansion.[34] He said he based his decision on the financial analysis which showed the first decade of expansion would cost the state under $400 million, but bring in over $5 billion in federal funding.[35]
Overseas efforts
In June 2012, Tomblin traveled to Japan in efforts to build business relationships. In October 2013, he spent 13 days in Europe promoting investment in the state. The trip included stops in Spain, France, Germany, Switzerland and Italy. It was the first time a West Virginia Governor stopped in France.[36][37]
Presidential endorsement
During Tomblin's bid for re-election in 2012, he refused to endorse President Barack Obama (D) for a second term, saying the president “has apparently made it his mission to drive the backbone of West Virginia’s economy, coal and the energy industry, out of business.” He went on to say, "As a loyal member of the Democratic Party and as governor for our state, I will continue to do everything I can, including suing the EPA, to get the president to change the misguided policies that are hurting West Virginians.”[38]
Tomblin also refused to support Mitt Romney (R).[39]
Supreme Court ruling
In early 2011, a Supreme Court battle ensued about when to elect the next Governor of West Virginia. Citizen Action Group and local attorney Thorton Cooper said the state Constitution and state code disagreed, and a special election for governor should be called quickly. Attorneys for Acting Gov. Tomblin and House Speaker Richard Thompson disagreed whether an election should be called. Secretary of State Natalie Tennant‘s legal counsel took a neutral position.
Kathryn Bayless, counsel for CAG, said only the court could require the Legislature and Tomblin to act, and that an election was needed as soon as possible. Bayless argued that article 7 section 16 of the Constitution is clear there “shall” be a “new” election for governor in event of an absence. “The people of West Virginia want a new election, and that is what the Constitution provides for,” Bayless said.[40]
Stance on Syrian refugee resettlement
- Main article: U.S. governors and their responses to Syrian refugees
After the attacks in Paris, France, on November 13, 2015, many U.S. governors declared their support or opposition to Syrian refugee resettlement in their states. Tomblin did not immediately take a stance on the resettlement of Syrian refugees in the state of West Virginia.
West Virginia State Senate (1980-2011)
Tomblin was first elected to the West Virginia State Senate in 1980. He served as Senate President from 1995-2011.[41][42]
Committee assignments
2011-2012
In the 2011-2012 legislative session, Tomblin served on these committees:
| West Virginia committee assignments, 2011 |
|---|
| • Government and Finance, Chair |
| • Interstate Cooperation, Ex-Officio |
| • Rule-Making Review, Ex-Officio |
| • Special Investigations, Chair |
2009-2010
In the 2009-2010 legislative session, Tomblin served on these committees:
| West Virginia committee assignments, 2009 |
|---|
| • Rules, Chair |
West Virginia House of Delegates (1974-1980)
Prior to serving in the state senate, Tomblin was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates in 1974, and then re-elected in 1976 and 1978.
Elections
2016
Tomblin was ineligible to seek re-election in 2016 due to term limits.
2012
Tomblin won election to a full term as governor in 2012. He defeated Arnie Moltis in the Democratic primary on May 8, 2012 and defeated Bill Maloney in the November 6, 2012 general election.[43][44][45]
| Governor of West Virginia General Election, 2012 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic |  Earl Ray Tomblin Incumbent |
50.4% | 284,758 | |
| Republican | Bill Maloney | 45.7% | 258,376 | |
| Mountain | Jesse Johnson | 2.6% | 14,614 | |
| Libertarian | David Moran | 1.4% | 7,653 | |
| Total Votes | 565,401 | |||
| Election results via West Virginia Secretary of State Election Results Center | ||||
Endorsements
Heading into the primary election, Tomblin was endorsed by the West Virginia AFL-CIO's Committee on Political Education.[46]
- Bluefield Daily Telegraph[47]
2011
West Virginia was not scheduled to hold a gubernatorial election until 2012. However, elected Democrat Joe Manchin gave up the seat to join the U.S. Senate in the 2010 midterms. Tomblin took over the office as West Virginia does not have a lieutenant governor, and won the primary election held May 17th.[48]
Links to gambling
During the 2011 gubernatorial election, Tomblin came under fire for his reported connections to gambling interests in West Virginia.
- Tomblin's mother, Freda, was the owner of Tomblin Kennels, which bred greyhounds for West Virginia's two dog racing tracks, Tri-State Racetrack and Gaming Center and Wheeling Island Racetrack and Gaming Center. Tomblin Kennels received $263,604 in 2007 from the West Virginia Greyhound Breeder Development Fund, a state agency.[49]
- Tomblin owned Southern Amusement, a company that owned 640 video lottery terminals at 128 locations in the state until 1995. At the time it was against the law for video lottery machines, known as gray machines, to be able to pay out. Under pressure to end his association with this company, Tomblin sold it to former state delegate Joe Ferrell, a family friend. Ferrell was indicted June 8, 2009, on 48 counts, including racketeering, mail fraud, and obstruction, by United States Attorney Charles T. Miller.[50][51]
- Executives associated with the Mountaineer RaceTrack and Gaming Resort gave $2,000 to Tomblin's 2008 senate campaign.[50]
- Tomblin's 2008 campaign was given $1,000 by the Friends of the Track Political Action Committee (PAC), Charlestown Racing, $1,000 from Penn National Gaming PAC; $1,000 from Phil Reale, attorney for the West Virginia Limited Video Lottery Retailers Association; and $850 from Linda Knowles, owner of K & K Music, a video lottery business.
- Executives associated with Wheeling Island Racetrack and Gaming Center gave a total of $4,000 to the 2008 campaign. Wheeling Island Racetrack was owned by Delaware North, whose chair and CEO at the time was Jeremy M. Jacobs; Jacobs and his two sons gave a cumulative total of $4,000 in 2008 to the Tomblin campaign.[50]
- General election
The West Virginia special gubernatorial election was held on October 4, 2011.[52]
| Governor of West Virginia, 2011 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | Earl Ray Tomblin Incumbent |
49.6% | 149,202 | |
| Republican | Bill Maloney | 47% | 141,656 | |
| Mountain Party | Bob Henry Baber | 2% | 6,083 | |
| Independent | Marla Ingels | 1% | 2,875 | |
| American Third Position | Harry Bertram | 0.4% | 1,111 | |
| Write-In | Phil Hudok | 0% | 76 | |
| Write-In | Donald Lee Underwood | 0% | 54 | |
| Write-In | John R. "Rick" Bartlett | 0% | 27 | |
| Total Votes | 301,084 | |||
| Election results via West Virginia Secretary of State | ||||
- Primary election
Acting Governor of West Virginia Tomblin won the Democratic seat for the November 2011 special election following a 40.37% win in the May 17 primary. Tomblin faced five Democrats in the primary.
| Governor of West Virginia Democratic Primary, 2011 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes |
| Earl Ray Tomblin Incumbent |
40.4% | 51,348 |
| Rick Thompson | 24.1% | 30,631 |
| Natalie Tennant | 17.4% | 22,106 |
| John Perdue | 12.6% | 15,995 |
| Jeffrey Kessler | 5.2% | 6,550 |
| Arnie Moltis | 0.4% | 481 |
| Total Votes | 127,111 | |
Endorsements
Tomblin's endorsements in 2011 included:
- Bluefield Daily Telegraph[53]
- Charleston Regional Chamber of Commerce[54]
- National Rifle Association[55]
- West Virginia Business and Industry Council[56]
- West Virginia Chamber of Commerce[57]
- West Virginia Coal Association[58]
2010
Tomblin's senate seat was not up for election in 2010, yet Tomblin made plans to turn over his position as president of the senate to Joe Minard as Tomblin steps in as Governor of West Virginia.[59]
2008
On November 4, 2008, Earl Ray Tomblin won re-election to the West Virginia State Senate, District 7.[60]
Campaign finance summary
Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.
Polls
2012
| Tomblin v. Maloney for Governor | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poll | Earl Ray Tomblin | Bill Maloney | Undecided | Margin of error | Sample size | ||||||||||||||
| Charleston Daily Mail by R.L. Repass & Partners (August 22-25, 2012) | 56% | 35% | 9% | +/-4.9 | 401 | ||||||||||||||
| Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org. | |||||||||||||||||||
2016 Democratic National Convention
- Delegate to the 2016 DNC (click to expand)
- See also: Democratic National Convention, 2016
Earl Ray Tomblin Democratic National Convention, 2016 Status: Superdelegate State: West Virginia Supporting: Hillary Clinton Delegates to the DNC 2016 Calendar and delegate rules overview • Types of delegates • State election law and delegates • Superdelegates by state Tomblin was a superdelegate to the 2016 Democratic National Convention from West Virginia.[61] Tomblin was one of eight superdelegates from West Virginia. Superdelegates to the 2016 Democratic National Convention were not bound by the results of their state’s primary or caucus to support a specific presidential candidate. Tomblin supported Hillary Clinton for the Democratic nomination.[62]Clinton formally won the Democratic nomination for president on July 26, 2016.[63]
What is a superdelegate?
Superdelegates in 2016 were automatic delegates to the Democratic National Convention, meaning that, unlike regular delegates, they were not elected to this position. Also unlike regular delegates, they were not required to pledge their support to any presidential candidate, and they were not bound by the results of their state's presidential primary election or caucus. In 2016, superdelegates included members of the Democratic National Committee, Democratic members of Congress, Democratic governors, and distinguished party leaders, including former presidents and vice presidents. All superdelegates were free to support any presidential candidate of their choosing at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.[64]
West Virginia primary results
Bernie Sanders won the West Virginia Democratic primary. With 99 percent of precincts reporting in, he defeated Hillary Clinton 51 to 36 percent. Sanders won all 55 counties in the state. According to the television network exit poll, a representative sampling of voters as they left their precinct polling stations, roughly 90 percent of the Democratic electorate in West Virginia was white, more than half of whom supported Sanders. About one-third of white voters backed Clinton, while the rest backed lesser-known Democratic candidates such as Paul Farrell Jr. and Keith Judd. For more on how the vote unfolded in West Virginia's Democratic primary, see Sanders, Trump take May 10 primaries.West Virginia Democratic Primary, 2016 Candidate Vote % Votes Delegates Bernie Sanders
51.4% 124,700 18 Hillary Clinton 35.8% 86,914 11 Paul Farrell 8.9% 21,694 0 Keith Judd 1.8% 4,460 0 Martin O'Malley 1.6% 3,796 0 Roque De La Fuente 0.4% 975 0 Totals 242,539 29 Source: The New York Times and West Virginia Secretary of State Delegate allocation
West Virginia had 37 delegates at the 2016 Democratic National Convention. Of this total, 29 were pledged delegates. National party rules stipulated how Democratic delegates in all states were allocated. Pledged delegates were allocated to a candidate in proportion to the votes he or she received in a state's primary or caucus. A candidate was eligible to receive a share of the state's pledged delegates if he or she won at least 15 percent of the votes cast in the primary or caucus. There were three types of pledged Democratic delegates: congressional district delegates, at-large delegates, and party leaders and elected officials (PLEOs). Congressional district delegates were allocated proportionally based on the primary or caucus results in a given district. At-large and PLEO delegates were allocated proportionally based on statewide primary results.[65][66]
Eight party leaders and elected officials served as unpledged delegates. These delegates were not required to adhere to the results of a state's primary or caucus.[65][67]
Personal
Note: Please contact us if the personal information below requires an update.
Tomblin and his wife, Joanne, have one son together. Joanne has worked as the president of Southern West Virginia Community and Technical College.[50]
In July 2009, the National Conference of State Legislatures awarded Tomblin its 2009 Excellence in State Legislative Leadership Award.[68]
Recent news
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See also
- Governor of West Virginia
- West Virginia special gubernatorial election, 2011
- West Virginia gubernatorial election, 2012
External links
- Social media:
- Biographies:
- Executive actions:
- Interest group ratings:
- Issue positions:
- Public statements:
- Works by or about:
Footnotes
- ↑ Huffington Post.com, "West Virginia election results," October 4, 2011
- ↑ Office of the West Virginia Governor, " About," accessed June 28, 2013
- ↑ Facebook, "Earl Ray Tomblin," accessed June 28, 2013
- ↑ Southern Governors Association, "Governor Tomblin," accessed July 6, 2013
- ↑ Earl Ray Tomblin, "Earl Ray," accessed April 29, 2013
- ↑ Project Vote Smart, "Governor Earl Ray Tomblin's Biography," accessed June 28, 2013
- ↑ Twitter, "Earl Ray Tomblin @ertwv," accessed July 6, 2013
- ↑ Politico.com, "Gov. Earl Ray Tomblin," accessed July 6, 2013
- ↑ West Virginia Watchdog, "VIDEO: Acting Gov. Tomblin Takes Oath of Office," November 16, 2010
- ↑ Democratic Governors Association, "Gov. Earl Ray Tomblin (WV)," accessed July 22, 2013
- ↑ Flickr, "Governor Earl Ray Tomblin," accessed July 6, 2013
- ↑ On the Issues, "Earl Ray Tomblin," accessed July 6, 2013
- ↑ National Governors Association, "West Virginia Governor Earl Ray Tomblin," accessed July 6, 2013
- ↑ "VIDEO: Tomblin Announces Plans as Acting Governor of West Virginia," West Virginia Watchdog, November 8, 2010
- ↑ West Virginia Public Broadcasting, "Gov. Earl Ray Tomblin delivers inaugural address," January 14, 2013
- ↑ Twitter, "Earl Ray Tomblin," accessed June 28, 2013
- ↑ NGA News Release NGA Chooses New Committee Leadership, E-mail communication to Kristen Mathews October 23, 2013
- ↑ Bloomberg, "`War on Coal:’ Hold on, Earl Ray," September 21, 2012
- ↑ Earl Ray Tomblin, "Earl Ray Tomblin's Clear Record on Coal," accessed July 29, 2013
- ↑ Huntington News, "Gov. Earl Ray Tomblin Unveils 'Friends of Coal' License Plate," May 6, 2011
- ↑ Behind the Plug, "Democrats Uniting Against Coal Regulations," June 7, 2013
- ↑ Bluefield Telegraph, "Fighting for coal — W.Va. lawmakers heading to Washington," July 28, 2013 (dead link)
- ↑ Earl Ray Tomblin, "West Virginia Coal Association endorses Earl Ray Tomblin"
- ↑ Office of the West Virginia Governor, "Governor Tomblin Announces Food Tax To Be Eliminated July 1, 2013," June 30, 2013
- ↑ Charleston Daily Mail, "Food tax ends, phase-out began in 2005," July 1, 2013
- ↑ WSAZ, "West Virginia Eliminating Food Tax July 1st," July 1, 2013
- ↑ TimesWV, "Elimination of food tax helps keep money in people’s pockets," July 3, 2013 (dead link)
- ↑ West Virginia Metro News, "Poll numbers show Manchin, Capito, Tomblin, Tennant strength," May 9, 2013
- ↑ Charleston Daily Mail, "Gov. Tomblin is rolling in political capital," May 16, 2013
- ↑ West Virginia Metro News, "Gov. Tomblin likes the numbers," May 9, 2013
- ↑ Charleston Daily Mail, "Manchin's approval rating declines in W.Va. poll," August 30, 2013
- ↑ The Business Journals, "Governors and jobs: How governors rank for job creation in their states," June 27, 2013
- ↑ The Business Journals, "How state governors rank on their job-growth record," June 27, 2013
- ↑ Huffington Post, "West Virginia Medicaid Expansion: Earl Ray Tomblin Agrees To Expand Program," May 2, 2013
- ↑ Public News Service, "Tomblin Says Medicaid Expansion Healthy for WV," May 3, 2013
- ↑ West Virginia Metro News, " Governor heading to Europe," October 1, 2013
- ↑ West Virginia Gazette, "Tomblin optimistic about results of European trade trip," October 21, 2013
- ↑ CNS News, "WV Democratic Governor Not Backing Obama," May 2, 2012
- ↑ The Blaze, "Democratic West Virginia Governor Won’t Endorse Obama," May 2, 2013
- ↑ Watchdog.org, "W.Va. Supreme Court Hears Arguments for Gubernatorial Special Election," January 12, 2011
- ↑ West Virginia Legislature, "SENATE PRESIDENT & LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR EARL RAY TOMBLIN," accessed July 22, 2013
- ↑ Charleston Gazette, "Who is Earl Ray Tomblin?" November 13, 2010
- ↑ WDTV.com, "Tomblin, Maloney to face off again in November," May 8, 2012
- ↑ West Virginia Secretary of State, "Election Results" accessed November 6, 2012
- ↑ Stateline, "Earl Ray Tomblin Has Inside Track in Race for Governor of West Virginia," May 12, 2011
- ↑ Herald-Dispatch, "W.Va. candidates receive endorsements," March 8, 2012
- ↑ Bluefield Daily Telegraph, "Endorsement: Governor of West Virginia, Democrat Earl Ray Tomblin," October 29, 2012
- ↑ Huffington Post, "West Virginia Election Results 2011: Earl Ray Tomblin Projected Winner, Bill Maloney Defeated In Race For Governor," October 5, 2011
- ↑ Wheeling News Register, "Breeders Cash In," August 10, 2008
- ↑ 50.0 50.1 50.2 50.3 West Virginia Examiner, "More Tomblin Connections," July 29, 2009
- ↑ West Virginia Examiner, "Missed Connections in Ferrell Case"
- ↑ Official results; West Virginia Secretary of State
- ↑ Bluefield Daily Telegraph, "Endorsement: Democrat Earl Ray Tomblin, W.Va.’s gubernatorial election," September 25, 2011
- ↑ Charleston Regional Chamber of Commerce, "The CHARLESTON REGIONAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE ENDORSES EARL RAY TOMBLIN FOR GOVERNOR," August 31, 2011
- ↑ The InterMountain, "NRA endorses Earl Ray Tomblin," August 22, 2011
- ↑ West Virginia Trucking, "WV Business & Industry Council Endorses Earl Ray Tomblin for Governor of West Virginia," May 2, 2011 (dead link)
- ↑ West Virginia Watchdog, "West Virginia Chamber of Commerce Endorses Tomblin," September 7, 2011
- ↑ Earl Ray Tomblin, "West Virginia Coal Association Endorses Earl Ray Tomblin," 2011
- ↑ West Virginia official list of 2010 candidates
- ↑ West Virginia Election Results
- ↑ Ballotpedia's list of superdelegates to the 2016 Democratic National Convention is based on our own research and lists provided by the Democratic National Committee to Vox.com in February 2016 and May 2016. If you think we made an error in identifying superdelegates, please send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.
- ↑ Charleston Gazette-Mail, "WV super delegates mostly siding with Clinton" May 8, 2016
- ↑ To find out which candidate a superdelegate supported, Ballotpedia sought out public statements from the superdelegate in other media outlets and on social media. If we were unable to find a public statement that clearly articulated which candidate the superdelegate supported at the national convention, we listed that superdelegate as "unknown." If you believe we made an error in identifying which candidate a superdelegate supported, please email us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
- ↑ Congressional Research Service, "The Presidential Nominating Process and the National Party Conventions, 2016: Frequently Asked Questions," December 30, 2015
- ↑ 65.0 65.1 Democratic National Committee, "2016 Democratic National Convention Delegate/Alternate Allocation," updated February 19, 2016
- ↑ The Green Papers, "2016 Democratic Convention," accessed May 7, 2021
- ↑ Democratic National Committee's Office of Party Affairs and Delegate Selection, "Unpledged Delegates -- By State," May 27, 2016
- ↑ NCSL, "Mountain State Lawmaker Reaches Summit," July 21, 2009 (dead link)
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Joe Manchin (D) |
Governor of West Virginia 2010-2017 |
Succeeded by Jim Justice (D) |
| Preceded by ' |
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