开门杀

一名自行车騎手途徑一輛汽車時，撞上了汽車打開的車門

开门杀是指機動車上的乘客或司機打開車門後，從機動車旁邊駛過的自行車、電動自行車、摩托車撞上車門的事故，此時非機動車的駕駛員有可能會受傷或死亡^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]。另外车门突然打开後，車輛一旁的骑手也有可能會為避免撞上車門緊急轉向而撞到了其他车辆、非機動車或者摔倒受傷。^[5]^[6]。如果汽車的車門是推拉門或鷗翼車門，那麼發生開門殺的概率幾乎為0。此外某車輛的車門打開後，該車輛一旁的機動車也有可能撞上車門，而正準備下車的机动车驾驶员或乘客有可能因此受傷。

为了避免开门時撞到人，司机或乘客在打开车门之前应该查看一下後視鏡或者觀察一下車輛周圍的情況，或者用遠離車門的那個手來開車門，這樣就能迫使自己查看車門周圍的情況。對於非機動車骑手來說，他們應該遠離停著的車輛，因為車輛停止後有人可能會開門下車^[7]。

参考文献

^ 获刑9个月！“开门杀”究竟有多可怕. m.mp.oeeee.com. 2023-03-24 [2023-07-14]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-14）（中文）.
^ Johnson, Marilyn. Cyclists and open vehicle doors: Crash characteristics and risk factors. Safety Science. 2013, 59: 135–140. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2013.04.010.
^ Jänsch, M.; Otte, D.; Johannsen, H. Investigation of bicycle accidents involving collisions with the opening door of parking vehicles and demands for a suitable driver assistance system (PDF). IRCOBI Conference Proceedings 2015: 20. September 2015 [June 12, 2019]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-11-11）. The accidents mainly happen because the vehicle occupants are not making sure that the road is clear before opening the door. Visibility problems due to visual obstruction i.e., from bodywork or pillars of the vehicle were not found to be a major factor in these accidents.
^ Urban Systems. City of Vancouver Cycling Safety Study – Final Report (PDF): 64. January 22, 2015 [May 29, 2019]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-07-07）.
^ 「開門殺」司機擔全責不冤. 星島日報. 2023-05-29 [2023-07-14] （中文）.
^ Ken McLeod. BIKE LAW UNIVERSITY: DOORING. bikeleague.org. January 13, 2015 [August 13, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-30）. A typical dooring law requires that a person opening a vehicle door ensure that it is reasonably safe to open the door, that opening the door will not interfere with moving traffic, and that the door is not open for any more time than necessary.
^ Bob Mionske. Don't Get Doored: How to Ride Safely Around Parked Cars. Bicycling. Jul 25, 2016 [April 6, 2021]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-08）. One of the most common causes of bike crashing is a stopped motorist who suddenly opens a door into the path of an approaching rider.... The best way to prevent this is to avoid pedaling in the “door zone”—the three- to five-foot area next to a parked car.

[m.mp.oeeee.com_2023_u156-1] 获刑9个月！“开门杀”究竟有多可怕. m.mp.oeeee.com. 2023-03-24 [2023-07-14]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-14）（中文）.

[2] Johnson, Marilyn. Cyclists and open vehicle doors: Crash characteristics and risk factors. Safety Science. 2013, 59: 135–140. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2013.04.010.

[3] Jänsch, M.; Otte, D.; Johannsen, H. Investigation of bicycle accidents involving collisions with the opening door of parking vehicles and demands for a suitable driver assistance system (PDF). IRCOBI Conference Proceedings 2015: 20. September 2015 [June 12, 2019]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-11-11）. The accidents mainly happen because the vehicle occupants are not making sure that the road is clear before opening the door. Visibility problems due to visual obstruction i.e., from bodywork or pillars of the vehicle were not found to be a major factor in these accidents.

[4] Urban Systems. City of Vancouver Cycling Safety Study – Final Report (PDF): 64. January 22, 2015 [May 29, 2019]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-07-07）.

[星島日報_2023_x699-5] 「開門殺」司機擔全責不冤. 星島日報. 2023-05-29 [2023-07-14] （中文）.

[6] Ken McLeod. BIKE LAW UNIVERSITY: DOORING. bikeleague.org. January 13, 2015 [August 13, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-30）. A typical dooring law requires that a person opening a vehicle door ensure that it is reasonably safe to open the door, that opening the door will not interfere with moving traffic, and that the door is not open for any more time than necessary.

[7] Bob Mionske. Don't Get Doored: How to Ride Safely Around Parked Cars. Bicycling. Jul 25, 2016 [April 6, 2021]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-08）. One of the most common causes of bike crashing is a stopped motorist who suddenly opens a door into the path of an approaching rider.... The best way to prevent this is to avoid pedaling in the “door zone”—the three- to five-foot area next to a parked car.

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