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Alexia without agraphia

MedGen UID:
155643
Concept ID:
C0751840
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonyms: Agnosia, Visual Verbal; Agnosias, Visual Verbal; Agraphia, Alexia Without; Agraphias, Alexia Without; Alexia Syndrome Without Agraphia; Alexia Without Agraphia; Alexia Without Agraphias; Alexia, Pure; Alexias, Pure; Blindness, Pure Word; Blindnesses, Pure Word; Pure Alexia; Pure Alexia Without Agraphia; Pure Alexias; Pure Word Blindness; Pure Word Blindnesses; Verbal Agnosia, Visual; Verbal Agnosias, Visual; Visual Verbal Agnosia; Visual Verbal Agnosias; Without Agraphia, Alexia; Without Agraphias, Alexia; Word Blindness, Pure; Word Blindnesses, Pure
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0000686

Definition

Loss of the power to comprehend written materials despite preservation of the ability to write (i.e., alexia without agraphia). This condition is generally attributed to lesions that 'disconnect' the visual cortex of the non-dominant hemisphere from language centers in the dominant hemisphere. This may occur when a dominant visual cortex injury is combined with underlying white matter lesions that involve crossing fibers from the occipital lobe of the opposite hemisphere. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p483) [from MONDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVAlexia without agraphia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Ross K, Johnson JP, Kiran S
Neuropsychol Rehabil 2019 May;29(4):565-604. Epub 2017 Apr 19 doi: 10.1080/09602011.2017.1311796. PMID: 28421910
Beeson PM, Rising K, DeMarco AT, Foley TH, Rapcsak SZ
Neuropsychol Rehabil 2018 Jun;28(4):568-588. Epub 2016 Jul 8 doi: 10.1080/09602011.2016.1199387. PMID: 27392251Free PMC Article
Burns MS
Top Stroke Rehabil 2004 Winter;11(1):1-9. doi: 10.1310/N13K-YKYQ-3XX1-NFAV. PMID: 14872395

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Marsh EB, Hillis AE
Neurocase 2005 Oct;11(5):325-37. doi: 10.1080/13554790591006320. PMID: 16251134
Swick D, Miller KM, Larsen J
Brain Lang 2004 Jun;89(3):543-53. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.01.005. PMID: 15120545
Daniel MS, Bolter JF, Long CJ
Brain Inj 1992 Nov-Dec;6(6):529-42. doi: 10.3109/02699059209008150. PMID: 1393187
Ardila A
Brain Lang 1991 Oct;41(3):437-45. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(91)90165-w. PMID: 1718535
Rosati G, De Bastiani P, Aiello I, Agnetti V
J Neurol 1984;231(1):20-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00313647. PMID: 6716107

Diagnosis

Pascoe AR, Raviskanthan S, Mortensen PW, Lee AG
J Neuroophthalmol 2023 Jun 1;43(2):e55-e57. Epub 2022 Mar 31 doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000001600. PMID: 35439229
Foster Z, Kini A, Al Othman B, Lee AG, Vaphiades M
Surv Ophthalmol 2020 May-Jun;65(3):386-390. Epub 2019 Apr 4 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.03.008. PMID: 30953621
Mulroy E, Murphy S, Lynch T
Ir Med J 2011 Apr;104(4):124. PMID: 21675099
Quint DJ, Gilmore JL
Neuroradiology 1992;34(3):210-4. doi: 10.1007/BF00596338. PMID: 1630612
Greenblatt SH
Neurosurgery 1977 Jul-Aug;1(1):6-15. doi: 10.1227/00006123-197707000-00003. PMID: 355914

Therapy

Kutluay E, Pakoz B, Yuksel A, Beydoun A
Epilepsy Behav 2007 Jun;10(4):626-8. Epub 2007 Apr 5 doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.03.001. PMID: 17418645
Verma A, Singh NN, Misra S
Neurol India 2004 Sep;52(3):378-9. PMID: 15472433
Swick D, Miller KM, Larsen J
Brain Lang 2004 Jun;89(3):543-53. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.01.005. PMID: 15120545
Tamhankar MA, Coslett HB, Fisher MJ, Sutton LN, Liu GT
Pediatr Neurol 2004 Feb;30(2):140-2. doi: 10.1016/S0887-8994(03)00417-X. PMID: 14984910
Skoglund RR
Neurology 1979 May;29(5):717-20. doi: 10.1212/wnl.29.5.717. PMID: 571570

Prognosis

Sinanović O, Mrkonjić Z, Zukić S, Vidović M, Imamović K
Acta Clin Croat 2011 Mar;50(1):79-94. PMID: 22034787
Marsh EB, Hillis AE
Neurocase 2005 Oct;11(5):325-37. doi: 10.1080/13554790591006320. PMID: 16251134
Daniel MS, Bolter JF, Long CJ
Brain Inj 1992 Nov-Dec;6(6):529-42. doi: 10.3109/02699059209008150. PMID: 1393187
Rosati G, De Bastiani P, Aiello I, Agnetti V
J Neurol 1984;231(1):20-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00313647. PMID: 6716107
Cohen DN, Salanga VD, Hully W, Steinberg MC, Hardy RW
Neurology 1976 May;26(5):455-9. doi: 10.1212/wnl.26.5.455. PMID: 944397

Clinical prediction guides

Starrfelt R, Woodhead Z
Handb Clin Neurol 2021;178:213-232. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-821377-3.00010-6. PMID: 33832678
Robinson JS, Collins RL, Mukhi SV
Appl Neuropsychol Adult 2016;23(1):65-9. Epub 2015 Sep 23 doi: 10.1080/23279095.2014.973495. PMID: 26397830
De Renzi E, Zambolin A, Crisi G
Brain 1987 Oct;110 ( Pt 5):1099-116. doi: 10.1093/brain/110.5.1099. PMID: 3676694
Pillon B, Bakchine S, Lhermitte F
Arch Neurol 1987 Dec;44(12):1257-62. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1987.00520240039009. PMID: 3675259
Johansson T, Fahlgren H
Neurology 1979 Mar;29(3):390-3. doi: 10.1212/wnl.29.3.390. PMID: 571985

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