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Keywords = FZP electrode patterns

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12 pages, 2404 KiB  
Article
Investigation of an Active Focusing Planar Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducer
by Qiao Wu, Bin You, Xu Zhang and Jun Tu
Sensors 2024, 24(13), 4082; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134082 - 23 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1408
Abstract
Ultrasonic focusing transducers have broad prospects in advanced ultrasonic non-destructive testing fields. However, conventional focusing methods that use acoustic concave lenses can disrupt the acoustic impedance matching condition, thereby adversely affecting the sensitivity of the transducers. In this paper, an active focusing planar [...] Read more.
Ultrasonic focusing transducers have broad prospects in advanced ultrasonic non-destructive testing fields. However, conventional focusing methods that use acoustic concave lenses can disrupt the acoustic impedance matching condition, thereby adversely affecting the sensitivity of the transducers. In this paper, an active focusing planar ultrasonic transducer is designed and presented to achieve a focusing effect with a higher sensitivity. An electrode pattern consisting of multiple concentric rings is designed, which is inspired by the structure of Fresnel Zone Plates (FZP). The structural parameters are optimized using finite element simulation methods. A prototype of the transducer is manufactured with electrode patterns made of conductive silver paste using silk screen-printing technology. Conventional focusing transducers using an acoustic lens and an FZP baffle are also manufactured, and their focusing performances are comparatively tested. The experimental results show that our novel transducer has a focal length of 16 mm and a center frequency of 1.16 MHz, and that the sensitivity is improved by 23.3% compared with the conventional focusing transducers. This research provides a new approach for the design of focusing transducers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Industrial Sensors)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Multiple concentric ring electrode patterns: side view (<b>left</b>) and top view (<b>right</b>).</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Simulation model for conventional passive focusing transducer.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Simulation model for active focusing transducer using multiple concentric ring electrodes. The red dotted line indicates the multiple concentric ring electrodes.</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Simulation result of acoustic pressure: (<b>a</b>) axial and (<b>b</b>) radial. The blue, red, and black lines represent the planar piezoelectric plate with conventional FZP passive focusing, the active focusing planar transducer using the initial parameters, and the active focusing planar transducer using optimized parameters, respectively.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>Different transducers fabricated in this work: (<b>a</b>) active focusing planar transducer, (<b>b</b>) conventional passive focusing transducer using FZP baffle, and (<b>c</b>) non-focusing transducer.</p> Full article ">Figure 6
<p>Transmitting receiving experimental platform.</p> Full article ">Figure 7
<p>TR experimental results: (<b>a</b>) time-domain and (<b>b</b>) frequency spectrum. The red, blue, and pink lines represent the active focusing planar transducer using multiple concentric ring electrodes, the conventional passive focusing transducer using an FZP baffle, and the non-focusing transducer, respectively.</p> Full article ">Figure 8
<p>The experimental signals of the three transducers: (<b>a</b>) axial voltage signal and (<b>b</b>) radial voltage signal. The red, blue, and pink lines represent the active focusing planar transducer using multiple concentric ring electrodes, the conventional passive focusing transducer using an FZP baffle, and the non-focusing transducer, respectively.</p> Full article ">Figure 9
<p>Acoustic field measurements of transducers with (<b>a</b>) active focusing and (<b>b</b>) passive focusing.</p> Full article ">
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