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18 pages, 4231 KiB  
Article
Control of Smart Home Operations Using Natural Language Processing, Voice Recognition and IoT Technologies in a Multi-Tier Architecture
by George Alexakis, Spyros Panagiotakis, Alexander Fragkakis, Evangelos Markakis and Kostas Vassilakis
Designs 2019, 3(3), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs3030032 - 1 Jul 2019
Cited by 54 | Viewed by 14202
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging Internet-based architecture, enabling the exchange of data and services in a global network. With the advent of the Internet of Things, more and more devices are connecting to the Internet in order to help people [...] Read more.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging Internet-based architecture, enabling the exchange of data and services in a global network. With the advent of the Internet of Things, more and more devices are connecting to the Internet in order to help people get and share data or program actions. In this paper, we introduce an IoT Agent, a Web application for monitoring and controlling a smart home remotely. The IoT Agent integrates a chat bot that can understand text or voice commands using natural language processing (NLP). With the use of NLP, home devices are more user-friendly and controlling them is easier, since even when a command or question/command is different from the presets, the system understands the user’s wishes and responds accordingly. Our solution exploits several available Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), namely: the Dialogflow API for the efficient integration of NLP to our IoT system, the Web Speech API for enriching user experience with voice recognition and synthesis features, MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) for the lightweight control of actuators and Firebase for dynamic data storage. This is the most significant innovation it brings: the integration of several third-party APIs and open source technologies into one mash-up, highlighting how a new IoT application can be built today using a multi-tier architecture. We believe that such a tiered architecture can be very useful for the rapid development of smart home applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence Supported Design and Innovation)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Main system architecture.</p>
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<p>Welcome page of the Internet of Things (IoT) Agent.</p>
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<p>Generic interconnection of actuators and sensors with microcontrollers.</p>
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<p>Microcontroller updated() function.</p>
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<p>Microcontroller setRoomsTemperature() function.</p>
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<p>Microcontroller setRoomHumidity() function.</p>
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<p>Microcontroller callback() function.</p>
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<p>The IoT Agent caseHandling() method.</p>
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<p>The IoT Agent login screen.</p>
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<p>The IoT Agent Chatbot environment.</p>
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<p>The IoT Agent Dashboard.</p>
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<p>Response time of the NLP engine per network bandwidth.</p>
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<p>Data processing and decision-making time of the IoT Agent.</p>
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<p>Response time of microcontrollers under different access networks.</p>
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<p>End-to-end response time for the sample commands.</p>
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