[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/
Next Issue
Volume 4, November
Previous Issue
Volume 4, September
You seem to have javascript disabled. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled.
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
2.7
2.0
Journals
Children
Volume 4
Issue 10
share announcement

Children, Volume 4, Issue 10 (October 2017) – 9 articles

  • Issues are regarded as officially published after their release is announced to the table of contents alert mailing list.
  • You may sign up for e-mail alerts to receive table of contents of newly released issues.
  • PDF is the official format for papers published in both, html and pdf forms. To view the papers in pdf format, click on the "PDF Full-text" link, and use the free Adobe Reader to open them.
Order results
Result details
Section
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
390 KiB  
Review
Pediatric Perioperative Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Case-Based Primer
by Shilpa Shah and Jacqueline R. Szmuszkovicz
Children 2017, 4(10), 92; https://doi.org/10.3390/children4100092 - 24 Oct 2017
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 6740
Abstract
The perioperative period is an extremely tenuous time for the pediatric patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension. This article will discuss a multidisciplinary approach to preoperative planning, the importance of early identification of pulmonary hypertensive crises, and practical strategies for postoperative management for this [...] Read more.
The perioperative period is an extremely tenuous time for the pediatric patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension. This article will discuss a multidisciplinary approach to preoperative planning, the importance of early identification of pulmonary hypertensive crises, and practical strategies for postoperative management for this unique group of children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trend in Pediatric Cardiology: Pulmonary Hypertension)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Pathophysiology of a pulmonary hypertensive crisis (Adapted from Oishi et al. [<a href="#B7-children-04-00092" class="html-bibr">7</a>]). RVEDP: right ventricular end diastolic pressure; RVEDV: right ventricular end diastolic volume; LVEDV: left ventricular end diastolic volume; RV: right ventricle; V/Q: ventilation/perfusion.</p> Full article ">
22009 KiB  
Case Report
Solitary Intra-Osseous Myofibroma of the Jaw: A Case Report and Review of Literature
by Anita Dhupar, Karla Carvalho, Poonam Sawant, Anita Spadigam and Shaheen Syed
Children 2017, 4(10), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/children4100091 - 24 Oct 2017
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5976
Abstract
Myofibroma is a rare benign spindle cell neoplasm in children that usually affects both soft tissue and bone in the head and neck region. Approximately one third of these cases are seen within jaw bones as solitary lesions. Solitary intra-osseous myofibroma of the [...] Read more.
Myofibroma is a rare benign spindle cell neoplasm in children that usually affects both soft tissue and bone in the head and neck region. Approximately one third of these cases are seen within jaw bones as solitary lesions. Solitary intra-osseous myofibroma of the jaw bone shares its clinical, radiographic and histological features with other spindle cell tumors. The rarity of this lesion can make diagnosis difficult for clinicians and pathologists. We report a case of a solitary intra-osseous myofibroma in the mandible of a nine-year-old child. Full article
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Cone beam computed tomographic image shows a well-defined radiolucent lesion around the root of developing second molar and concomitant expansion of the facial cortical bone.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>(<b>A</b>) (100×) Hematoxylin and eosin stained section shows fascicular and cellular areas characterized by polygonal cells at the center and elongated cells at the periphery. (<b>B</b>) (400×) Masson’s trichrome stain highlights the highly fibrous stroma.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Immunohistochemical marker panel. (<b>A</b>,<b>B</b>) Tumor cells are positive for vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) markers, respectively. (<b>C</b>,<b>E</b>) Tumor cells are negative for S-100 and desmin markers respectively. (<b>D</b>) CD-34 marker is positive in the blood vessels but negative in the tumor cells.</p> Full article ">
1802 KiB  
Review
Sleep Disturbances in Newborns
by Daphna Yasova Barbeau and Michael D. Weiss
Children 2017, 4(10), 90; https://doi.org/10.3390/children4100090 - 20 Oct 2017
Cited by 60 | Viewed by 11773
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to serve as an introduction to understanding sleep in the fetus, the preterm neonate and the term neonate. Sleep appears to have numerous important roles, particularly in the consolidation of new information. The sleep cycle changes over [...] Read more.
The purpose of this review is to serve as an introduction to understanding sleep in the fetus, the preterm neonate and the term neonate. Sleep appears to have numerous important roles, particularly in the consolidation of new information. The sleep cycle changes over time, neonates spend the most time in active sleep and have a progressive shortening of active sleep and lengthening of quiet sleep. Additionally, the sleep cycle is disrupted by many things including disease state and environment, and the amplitude integrated EEG can be a useful tool in evaluating sleep, and sleep disturbances, in neonates. Finally, there are protective factors for infant sleep that are still being studied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep Medicine in Children and Adolescents)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Active versus quiet sleep in neonates at 28 weeks, 36 weeks, term, and 1 month. The duration of quiet sleep increases as the neonate matures. The figure is adapted from [<a href="#B24-children-04-00090" class="html-bibr">24</a>].</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Trace alternant in a term baby (<b>A</b>) and sleep-wake cycling in an amplitude integrated EEG (aEEG) (<b>B</b>). Note the alternating background in (<b>A</b>). (<b>B</b>) demonstrates expansion of the background pattern during quiet sleep and narrowing during awake/active sleep. Quiet sleep on the aEEG is the equivalent of trace alternant on the EEG. Figures are derived from [<a href="#B32-children-04-00090" class="html-bibr">32</a>,<a href="#B38-children-04-00090" class="html-bibr">38</a>].</p> Full article ">Figure 2 Cont.
<p>Trace alternant in a term baby (<b>A</b>) and sleep-wake cycling in an amplitude integrated EEG (aEEG) (<b>B</b>). Note the alternating background in (<b>A</b>). (<b>B</b>) demonstrates expansion of the background pattern during quiet sleep and narrowing during awake/active sleep. Quiet sleep on the aEEG is the equivalent of trace alternant on the EEG. Figures are derived from [<a href="#B32-children-04-00090" class="html-bibr">32</a>,<a href="#B38-children-04-00090" class="html-bibr">38</a>].</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>The aEEG derives a tracing from the raw EEG. In step 1, six seconds of the raw EEG is extrapolated. In step 2, the signal is filtered. The filtering includes an asymmetric band pass filter that attenuates activity below 2 Hz and above 15 Hz. In step 3, the signal is rectified and smoothed. Note the negative inflections are converted to positive inflections. In steps 4, 5, and 6 the signal undergoes a series of time compressions. The time compressions steps then lead to a single line. Multiple lines then form a pattern for interpretation. The amplitude display on the bedside monitor is linear between 0 to 10 µV and logarithmic between 10 to 100 µV (Derived from [<a href="#B29-children-04-00090" class="html-bibr">29</a>]).</p> Full article ">
626 KiB  
Article
Is There a Causal Relationship between Intussusception and Food Allergy?
by Emrah Aydin, Omer F. Beşer, Esra Ozek, Soner Sazak and Ensar Duras
Children 2017, 4(10), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/children4100089 - 19 Oct 2017
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5514
Abstract
Although intussusception and food allergy are common health problems in childhood, the relation between these two diseases remain obscure. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between food allergy and intussusception, and the factors associated with both. Patients diagnosed with [...] Read more.
Although intussusception and food allergy are common health problems in childhood, the relation between these two diseases remain obscure. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between food allergy and intussusception, and the factors associated with both. Patients diagnosed with intussusception by the Brighton Collaboration Intussusception Working Group criteria were prospectively investigated for food allergy per the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Guideline. They were analyzed per demographic features, clinical, physical and laboratory findings. There were eight (38.1%) patients diagnosed with food allergy, while 13 (61.9%) patients were non-allergic. The mean number of days of presenting symptoms was 1.13 days in the allergy group and 7.85 days in the non-allergy group. The mean number of intussusception attacks was 1.63 in the allergy group while 1 in the non-allergy group (p < 0.05, relative risk (RR) = 2.6). In the allergy group, one (13%) patient was followed up, six (75%) patients were reduced with pneumatic and one (13%) patient reduced manually. In the non-allergy group, four (31%) patients were followed up, six (46%) patients were reduced with pneumotic, one (7%) patient was reduced manually, and resection anastomosis was performed in two (15%) patients. Food allergy is an unrecognized associated factor for intussusception patients, which increases the risk for recurrence. Due to the small patient population, these results should be interpreted with caution. Full article
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Algorithm for infants and children with symptoms suggestive of cow’s milk protein (CMP) allergy. IgE: immunoglobulin-E.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Distribution of the allergic symptoms between the groups.</p> Full article ">
234 KiB  
Article
Factors Associated with Malnutrition among Under-Five Children: Illustration using Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 Data
by Ashis Talukder
Children 2017, 4(10), 88; https://doi.org/10.3390/children4100088 - 19 Oct 2017
Cited by 67 | Viewed by 10601
Abstract
Child malnutrition remains one of the major public health problems in many parts of the world, especially in a developing country like Bangladesh. Several socioeconomic and demographic factors are responsible for this condition. The present study was conducted to uncover the risk factors [...] Read more.
Child malnutrition remains one of the major public health problems in many parts of the world, especially in a developing country like Bangladesh. Several socioeconomic and demographic factors are responsible for this condition. The present study was conducted to uncover the risk factors associated with malnutrition among under-five children in Bangladesh by analyzing the data from a nationally representative Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) in 2014. The ordinal dependent variable—child nutrition status (severely malnourished, moderately malnourished, and nourished)—was developed by calculating weight-for-age Z score (WAZ). Bivariate analysis was conducted by performing gamma measure and chi-square test of independence to explore the association between child nutrition status and selected independent variables. To know the adjusted effects of covariates, a popular ordinal model—namely, the proportional odds (PO) model—was considered. All the selected covariates were found highly significant (p < 0.01) in the bivariate setup. However, in the multivariate setup, father’s and mother’s education, wealth index, mother’s body mass index (BMI), and antenatal care service during pregnancy were found highly significant (p < 0.01) factors for child malnutrition. Among the divisions, only Dhaka had more control on child malnutrition, compared to the Sylhet division. Birth interval of children was also reported as a significant factor at a 5% level of significance. Finally, the results of this paper strongly highlighted the necessity of increasing parent’s education level, improving the mother’s nutritional status, and increasing facilities providing antenatal care service in order to achieve better nutrition status among under-five children in Bangladesh. Full article
1285 KiB  
Case Report
Oligoarticular Hemarthroses and Osteomyelitis Complicating Pasteurella Meningitis in an Infant
by Charles Nathan Nessle, Allison K. Black, Justin Farge and Victoria A. Statler
Children 2017, 4(10), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/children4100087 - 16 Oct 2017
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5462
Abstract
A 5-month-old previously healthy female presented with a one-week history of fever and increased fussiness. Her presentation revealed an ill-appearing infant with an exam and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies concerning bacterial meningitis; CSF cultures grew Pasteurella multocida. Additionally, brain magnetic resonance imaging [...] Read more.
A 5-month-old previously healthy female presented with a one-week history of fever and increased fussiness. Her presentation revealed an ill-appearing infant with an exam and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies concerning bacterial meningitis; CSF cultures grew Pasteurella multocida. Additionally, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated cervical osteomyelitis. Despite multiple days of antibiotic therapy, she remained febrile with continued pain; MRI showed oligoarticular effusions, and aspiration of these joints yielded bloody aspirates. Evaluations for coagulopathy and immune complex-mediated arthropathy were negative. The patient improved following appropriate antibiotic therapy and spontaneous resolution of hemarthroses, and was discharged to a short-term rehabilitation hospital. P. multocida is a small, encapsulated coccobacillus that is part of the commensal oral flora of animals. It most commonly causes skin infections in humans, yet is a rare cause of meningitis in the pediatric population, especially in children <1 year of age. Transmission due to P. multocida is most commonly due to direct contact with animals. To our knowledge, this is the first case of oligoarticular hemarthroses and cervical osteomyelitis complicating P multocida meningitis. This case highlights the physician’s potential for cognitive bias and premature anchoring, and the resulting implications in delivering excellent patient care. Full article
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain with and without contrast: increased T2 enhancement of the C3 vertebral body concerning for osteomyelitis.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>MRI full spine and hips with and without contrast. Abnormal T2 signal enhancement of bilateral hip joints.</p> Full article ">
990 KiB  
Case Report
A Potential Novel Mechanism for Vagus Nerve Stimulator-Related Central Sleep Apnea
by Inga C. Forde, Meghna P. Mansukhani, Bhanu Prakash Kolla and Suresh Kotagal
Children 2017, 4(10), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/children4100086 - 29 Sep 2017
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6420
Abstract
The treatment of epilepsy with vagus nerve stimulation can inadvertently cause obstructive and central sleep apnea (CSA). The mechanism for CSA seen in patients with a vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) is not fully known. We describe the case of a 13-year-old girl in [...] Read more.
The treatment of epilepsy with vagus nerve stimulation can inadvertently cause obstructive and central sleep apnea (CSA). The mechanism for CSA seen in patients with a vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) is not fully known. We describe the case of a 13-year-old girl in whom VNS activation induced tachypnea and post-hyperventilation central apnea. Following adjustment of VNS settings, the post-hyperventilation CSA resolved. Polysomnography may assist with management when patients with epilepsy develop sleep disruption after VNS placement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep Medicine in Children and Adolescents)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>A representative 120-s fragment from the first overnight diagnostic polysomnogram. The figure shows tachypnea at the time of vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) activation, followed by central apnea. VNS-on and VNS-off were identified based on artifact observed in the electrocardiogram (ECG) lead. Mean end-tidal carbon dioxide ranged between 20–52 mm Hg, with 0.2% of the total time spent with an end-tidal carbon dioxide level greater than 50 mm Hg. Sono: sonogram; SpO2: oxyhemoglobin saturation (in %); Sum: summation channel of thoracic and abdomen inductance plethysmography; EtCO<sub>2</sub>: end-tidal carbon dioxide (in mm Hg).</p> Full article ">
150 KiB  
Case Report
Coconut Allergy Revisited
by Katherine Anagnostou
Children 2017, 4(10), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/children4100085 - 29 Sep 2017
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 12555
Abstract
Despite concerns voiced often by food-allergic patients, allergy to coconut is rare, not directly associated with nut allergy and few cases are reported so far in the literature. We present an interesting case of coconut allergy in a child that was previously tolerant [...] Read more.
Despite concerns voiced often by food-allergic patients, allergy to coconut is rare, not directly associated with nut allergy and few cases are reported so far in the literature. We present an interesting case of coconut allergy in a child that was previously tolerant to coconut and regularly exposed via both the skin and gastrointestinal route. Full article
475 KiB  
Review
Sleep Disorders in Childhood Neurological Diseases
by Abdullah Tolaymat and Zhao Liu
Children 2017, 4(10), 84; https://doi.org/10.3390/children4100084 - 22 Sep 2017
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 7293
Abstract
Sleep problems are frequently addressed as a primary or secondary concern during the visit to the pediatric neurology clinic. Sleep disorders can mimic other neurologic diseases (e.g., epilepsy and movement disorders), and this adds challenges to the diagnostic process. Sleep disorders can significantly [...] Read more.
Sleep problems are frequently addressed as a primary or secondary concern during the visit to the pediatric neurology clinic. Sleep disorders can mimic other neurologic diseases (e.g., epilepsy and movement disorders), and this adds challenges to the diagnostic process. Sleep disorders can significantly affect the quality of life and functionality of children in general and those with comorbid neurological diseases in particular. Understanding the pathophysiology of sleep disorders, recognizing the implications of sleep disorder in children with neurologic diseases and behavioral difficulties, and early intervention continue to evolve resulting in better neurocognitive outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep Medicine in Children and Adolescents)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Normal distribution of sleep stages in healthy children, adults, and the elderly [<a href="#B6-children-04-00084" class="html-bibr">6</a>].</p> Full article ">
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-9
Previous Issue
Next Issue
Back to TopTop