2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Paving the Road for Rapid Detection and Point-of-Care Diagnostics
<p>The illustration for the transmission of coronaviruses and the 2019 novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2 [<a href="#B11-micromachines-11-00306" class="html-bibr">11</a>]). Current studies have suggested that the intermediate carriers may be snakes [<a href="#B12-micromachines-11-00306" class="html-bibr">12</a>] or pangolins [<a href="#B13-micromachines-11-00306" class="html-bibr">13</a>], but according to WHO the real source is still unknown [<a href="#B14-micromachines-11-00306" class="html-bibr">14</a>,<a href="#B15-micromachines-11-00306" class="html-bibr">15</a>].</p> "> Figure 2
<p>The dramatic impact of the rapid detection of infectious diseases in controlling and preventing an outbreak (adapted to WHO document [<a href="#B22-micromachines-11-00306" class="html-bibr">22</a>] and References [<a href="#B23-micromachines-11-00306" class="html-bibr">23</a>,<a href="#B24-micromachines-11-00306" class="html-bibr">24</a>]).</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Need for a Rapid Detection Method and Portable Detection Devices
3. A Potential Candidate for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assays in PoC Devices
4. Other Important Factors in Fighting COVID-19
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Virus | Description |
---|---|
Coronaviruses (CoVs): | A large and diverse family of enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses, with a ~26–32 kilobase genome [16]. The Coronaviridae cover a broad host range, infecting many mammalian and avian species, and induce upper respiratory, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and central nervous system diseases [17]. In the last few decades, coronaviruses have been shown to be capable of also infecting humans. The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003, and, more recently, Middle-East respiratory syndrome (MERS) have proved the lethality of CoVs when they cross the species barrier and infect humans [18]. |
2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 [11]): | A new zoonotic human coronavirus, which was reported and announced by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CCDC) on 9 January 2020 [19]. In spite of the fact that the initial infected cases have been associated with the Huanan South China Seafood Market, the source of COVID-19 is still unknown (Figure 1). On 30 January 2020, the WHO declared a global public health emergency regarding the outbreak of COVID-19. On the 11 March 2020, the WHO declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a pandemic. |
PCR | LAMP |
---|---|
Thermal cycling (Multiple heating and cooling cycle; hence, bulky and cumbersome). | Isothermal and continuous amplification (Smaller, simpler, hence portable). |
Always requires sample concentration and preparation (Time-consuming). | For virus detection, for example, influenza [40] or human norovirus, LAMP assay offers one-step detection [41]. Sample preparation steps are simplified. |
Multiple protocols (Complicated and requires a skilled technician). | Single protocol (Faster). |
Inhibitors hinder the reaction. | Tolerate inhibitors and more stable. |
Diagnostic sensitivity (95%) is currently reported lower than LAMP [33,41,42]. | Diagnostic sensitivity > 95%. |
Established technique. | Applications using LAMP assays are being explored. |
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Nguyen, T.; Duong Bang, D.; Wolff, A. 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Paving the Road for Rapid Detection and Point-of-Care Diagnostics. Micromachines 2020, 11, 306. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11030306
Nguyen T, Duong Bang D, Wolff A. 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Paving the Road for Rapid Detection and Point-of-Care Diagnostics. Micromachines. 2020; 11(3):306. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11030306
Chicago/Turabian StyleNguyen, Trieu, Dang Duong Bang, and Anders Wolff. 2020. "2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Paving the Road for Rapid Detection and Point-of-Care Diagnostics" Micromachines 11, no. 3: 306. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11030306
APA StyleNguyen, T., Duong Bang, D., & Wolff, A. (2020). 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Paving the Road for Rapid Detection and Point-of-Care Diagnostics. Micromachines, 11(3), 306. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11030306