Moawiya

Really in needs to such series, Emir Muawiya was the first soldier-king in Islamic history. With him, the Islamic body politic came under the sway of dynastic rule.

The pattern established by him persisted until the 18th century when the merchants of Europe supplanted the Muslim soldier-kings of Asia and Africa. An outstanding soldier, a shrewd politician and an able administrator, Muawiya fought Ali (r) to a standstill and declared himself the Caliph in 658,As soon as Ali (r) was assassinated (661) Muawiya made preparations to invade Mecca, Madina and Iraq. Hassan ibn Ali had been elected the Caliph in Kufa and he marched forth with a force of 12,000 Iraqis to meet Muawiya.