Halalang pampanguluhan sa Pilipinas, 2016

Halalang pampanguluhan sa Pilipinas, 2016
Turnout	80.69%
	Map showing the official results taken from provincial and city certificates of canvass. The inset shows Metro Manila.
President before election; Benigno Aquino III; Liberal	Elected President ; Rodrigo Duterte; PDP-Laban

Ginanap noong 9 Mayo 2016, ikalawang Lunes ng buwan ng Mayo^[1] ang isang halalang pampanguluhan ng Pilipinas. Ihahalal sa araw na ito ang ika-16 Pangulo ng Pilipinas na hahalili kay Benigno Aquino III, na hindi na maaaring tumakbo muli sa naturang katungkulan alinsunod sa Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas ng 1987. Ito ang ikalimang halalang sa pagkapangulo at pangalawang pangulo sa ilalim ng 1987 Saligang Batas.

Inihayag ng Komisyon sa Halalan ang mga opisyal na kandidato sa pagka-Pangulo at Pangalawang Pangulo noong 15 Pebrero 2016. Ito'y makaraang suyurin ang 130 kandidatura sa pagka-Pangulo at 19 naman sa pagka-Pangalawang Pangulo.^[2]^[3] Ang mga pinayagan ng Komisyon na tumakbo sa pagka-Pangulo ay sina Jejomar Binay ng United Nationalist Alliance, Miriam Defensor Santiago ng People's Reform Party, Rodrigo Duterte ng PDP–Laban, Grace Poe na isang independiyente, Mar Roxas ng Partido Liberal, at Roy Señeres ng Partido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka.

Bago pa naisapinal ang listahan, na nabinbin ng dalawang buwan,^[4] nauna nang iniatras ni Roy Señeres ang kaniyang kandidatura noong 5 Pebrero dahil sa kaniyang lumalalang kalusugan, na humantong naman kaniyang pagpanaw noong 8 Pebrero.^[5]^[6] Sa kabila nito, hindi tinanggal ng Komisyon ang pangalan ni Señeres sa opisyal na balota, nang simulan itong ilimbag noong 15 Pebrero, dahil pinapayagan umano ng Omnibus Election Code na magpalit pa ng kandidato ang partido hanggang sa kalagitnaan ng araw ng halalan.^[3]^[7]

Ibinasura naman ng Komisyon ang lahat ng petisyon na idiskuwalipika si Rodrigo Duterte noong 3 Pebrero.^[8] Sa kabilang banda, ibinasura ng Komisyon ang kandidatura ni Grace Poe noong 23 Disyembre 2015,^[9] ngunit dahil nakadulog ang kampo ni Poe sa Kataas-taasang Hukuman na naglabas ng TRO,^[10] nanatili si Poe sa balota. Noong 8 Marso 2016, kinatigan ng Kataas-taasang Hukuman ang petisyon ni Poe laban sa Komisyon, at pinayagang tumakbo sa pagkapangulo.^[11]

Mga opisyal na kandidato

Pangulo

Kandidato		Kamakailang Katungkulan	Tirahan	Edad sa Halalan
Jejomar Binay	UNA	Pangalawang Pangulo ng Pilipinas	Makati	73
Miriam Defensor Santiago	PRP	Senador	Lungsod Quezon	70
Rodrigo Duterte	PDP–Laban	Alkalde ng Lungsod ng Davao	Lungsod Davao	71
Grace Poe	Independiyente	Senador	Lungsod Quezon	47
Mar Roxas	Liberal	Kalihim ng Interyor at Pamahalaang Lokal	Roxas, Capiz	58

Pangalawang Pangulo

Kandidato		Kamakailang Katungkulan	Tirahan	Edad sa halalan
Alan Peter Cayetano	Nacionalista	Senador	Taguig	45
Chiz Escudero	Independiyente	Senador	Sorsogon, Sorsogon	46
Gringo Honasan	UNA	Senador	Marikina	68
Bongbong Marcos	Nacionalista	Senador	Batac, Ilocos Norte	58
Leni Robredo	Liberal	Kinatawan ng Ika-3 Distrito ng Camarines Sur	Naga	51
Antonio Trillanes	Nacionalista	Senador	Caloocan	44

Debate

Opisina	Petsa	Kaibigan Medya	Lokasyon
Pangulo	21 Pebrero 2016	GMA Network at Philippine Daily Inquirer	Mindanao	Capitol University
	20 Marso 2016	TV5, Philippine Star at BusinessWorld	Visayas	University of the Philippines Cebu College
	24 Abril 2016	ABS-CBN at Manila Bulletin	Luzon	University of Pangasinan
Pangalawang Pangulo	10 Abril 2016	CNN Philippines, Rappler at Business Mirror	Metro Manila	University of Santo Tomas

Ang debateng ito, Harapan ng Bise, ay gaganapin sa ABS-CBN.^[12]

Opisina	Petsa	Kaibigan Medya	Lokasyon
Pangalawang Pangulo	17 Abril 2016	ABS-CBN	Metro Manila	Lungsod Quezon	ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center

Mga talaan ng opinyon

Pangulo

Opinion polling in the presidential election using three-survey moving average. Jejomar Binay Miriam Defensor Santiago Rodrigo Duterte Grace Poe Mar Roxas Others None/undecided

Date(s) conducted	Pollster	Sample size	Margin of error	Binay (UNA)	Defensor Santiago (PRP)	Duterte (PDP-Laban)	Poe (Ind.)	Roxas (LP)	Undecided None Other
Date(s) conducted	Pollster	Sample size	Margin of error						Undecided None Other
Jan 8–10	SWS^[13]	1,800	±2.0%	31	3	20	24	21	2
Jan 19	First round of oral arguments of Grace Poe's petition to the Supreme Court to overturn the disqualification against her candidacy
Jan 24–28	Pulse Asia^[14]	1,200	±3.0%	23	4	20	30	20	3
Jan 27–Feb 4	Standard^[15]	3,000	±1.8%	22	2	20	29	22	4
Feb 5–7	SWS^[13]	1,200	±3.0%	29	4	24	24	18	2
Feb 8	Presidential candidate Roy Señeres dies of cardiac arrest
Feb 9	Start of campaign period for candidates for president, vice president, senators and party-lists
Feb 13	DZRH–MBC^[16]^[17]	7,572	±1.13%	23.2	3.9	26.4	27	19	2.3
Feb 21	First presidential debate in Cagayan de Oro
Feb 16–27	Pulse Asia^[18]	5,200	±1.4%	22	3	24	26	19	6
Feb 24–Mar 1	Standard^[19]	3,000	±1.8%	23	2	24	26	22	4
Mar 4–7	SWS ^[20]	1,800	±2.0%	24	4	21	27	22	1
Mar 8	In a 9-6 vote, the Supreme Court affirms Grace Poe's natural-born status and declares she is qualified to run based on her 10-year residency
Mar 15–20	Pulse Asia^[21]	4,000	±1.5%	23	2	24	28	19	5
Mar 20	Second presidential debate in Cebu City
Mar 26–Apr 1	Standard^[22]	3,000	±1.8%	18	2	30	27	21	2
Apr 2	MBC–DZRH^[23]	7,490	±1.13%	15	3.5	36	28.2	15.2	1.8
Apr 9	The Supreme Court declares that their vote on Grace Poe's natural-born status and 10-year residency is final and executory and she is eligible to become president
Apr 11–16	The Center^[24]	1,800	±2.5%	23.25	2	26.75	26.25	20.75	1
Apr 17	Rodrigo Duterte makes a joke about a murdered and raped Australian kidnap victim in a campaign rally
Apr 13–18	D' Strafford^[25]	2,800	±1.9%	19.1	4.1	20.4	25.9	26.2	4.2
Apr 16–20	Pulse Asia^[26]	1,800	±2.3%	16	2	35	23	17	6
Apr 18–20	SWS^[27]	1,800	±2.0%	14	2	33	24	19	8
Apr 19–24	Pulse Asia^[28]	4,000	±1.5%	18	2	33	22	20	5
Apr 24	Third presidential debate in Dagupan
Apr 27	Antonio Trillanes' expose on Rodrigo Duterte's alleged multimillion peso bank accounts and properties
Apr 23–29	The Center^[29]	1,800	±2.5%	23	2	29	25	21	—
Apr 25–29	D' Strafford^[30]	4,500	±1.2%	16.6	2.7	25.4	23.6	27.8	3
Apr 26–29	Pulse Asia^[31]	4,000	±1.5%	17	2	33	21	22	5
Apr 28–30	Argus ^[32]	6,000	±1.9%	19	4	31	27	19	—
Apr 27–May 1	Standard^[33]	3,000	±1.8%	15	2	32	25	22	4
May 1–3	SWS^[34]	4,500	±1.0%	13	2	33	22	20	10
May 1–5	D' Strafford ^[35]	4,500	±1.2%	16.6	3	25.4	22.5	30.5	2
May 9	Election day

Pangalawang Pangulo

Opinion polling in the vice presidential election, using three-survey moving average. Alan Peter Cayetano Francis Escudero Gringo Honasan Bongbong Marcos Leni Robredo Antonio Trillanes Others None/undecided

Date(s) conducted	Pollster	Sample size	Margin of error	Cayetano (Ind.)	Escudero (Ind.)	Honasan (UNA)	Marcos (Ind.)	Robredo (LP)	Trillanes (Ind.)	Undecided None Other
Date(s) conducted	Pollster	Sample size	Margin of error							Undecided None Other
Jan 8–10	SWS^[13]	1,800	±2.0%	14	28	8	25	17	3	4
Jan 24–28	Pulse Asia^[14]	1,200	±3.0%	14	33	5	23	18	4	3
Jan 27–Feb 4	Standard ^[15]	3,000	±1.8%	15	31	5	25	20	4	—
Feb 5–7	SWS^[13]	1,200	±3.0%	16	26	6	26	19	5	2
Feb 9	Start of campaign period for candidates for president, vice president, senators and party-lists
Feb 13	DZRH–MBC^[16]	7,572	±1.13%	14.8	26.8	5.5	25.1	18.8	6.2	2.7
Feb 16–27	Pulse Asia^[18]	5,400	±1.4%	13	26	5	26	19	6	6
Feb 24–Mar 1	Standard^[36]	3,000	±1.8%	11	30	4	24	20	7	5
Mar 4–7	SWS ^[20]	1,800	±2.0%	11	28	5	26	24	6	—
Mar 15–20	Pulse Asia^[21]	4,000	±1.5%	14	25	5	25	21	4	5
Mar 26–Apr 1	Standard^[22]	3,000	±1.8%	15	28	3	25	21	5	4
Apr 2	MBC–DZRH^[23]	7,490	±1.13%	18.4	22.6	4.3	29.8	17.9	5.5	1.6
Apr 10	First vice presidential debate in Manila
Apr 11–16	The Center^[24]	1,800	±2.5%	15	23	4	29	25	3	1
Apr 17	Second vice presidential debate in Quezon City
Apr 13–18	D' Strafford^[25]	2,800	±1.9%	17	23	1	25	32	2	—
Apr 16–20	Pulse Asia^[26]	1,800	±2.3%	16	18	4	29	24	3	7
Apr 18–20	SWS^[27]	1,800	±2.0%	16	18	2	25	26	5	8
Apr 19–24	Pulse Asia^[28]	4,000	±1.5%	15	18	2	31	26	3	5
Apr 27	Antonio Trillanes' expose on Rodrigo Duterte's alleged multimillion peso bank accounts and properties
Apr 23–29	The Center^[29]	4,000	±2.5%	15	18	5	31	25	3	3
Apr 25–29	D' Strafford^[30]	4,500	±1.2%	16	18	2	28	34	1	1
Apr 26–29	Pulse Asia^[31]	4,000	±1.5%	15	18	3	28	30	2	4
Apr 28–30	Argus ^[32]	6,000	±1.9%	13	22	4	33	24	4	—
Apr 27–May 1	Standard^[37]	3,000	±1.8%	12	20	3	30	29	3	3
May 1–3	SWS^[38]	4,500	±1.0%	13	15	3	29	28	3	9
May 1–5	D' Strafford ^[35]	4,500	±1.2%	17	18	1	25	35	3	2
May 9	Election day

Kinalabasan

Narito ang mga resulta ng Halalan para sa Pagkapangulo at Pagka-Pangalawang Pangulo sa Pilipinas. Ito ay ayon sa opisyal na bilang ng Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan ng Pilipinas.

Pangulo

Tulad ng sa taas, ngunit pinapakita ang porsyento ng mga nanalong kandidato bawat lalawigan at lungsod. Tandaan na upang maiwasan ang kalituhan kay Roxas, kulay pula ang ginamit kay Duterte na kanyang kulay noong kampanya.

e • d
Kandidato		Partido	Boto	%
	Rodrigo Duterte	Partido Demokratiko Pilipino–Lakas ng Bayan (Philippine Democratic Party–People's Power)	16,601,997	39.01%
	Mar Roxas	Liberal Party	9,978,175	23.45%
	Grace Poe	Independyente	9,100,991	21.39%
	Jejomar Binay	United Nationalist Alliance	5,416,140	12.73%
	Miriam Defensor Santiago	People's Reform Party	1,455,532	3.42%

Kabuuan			42,552,835	100%

Mga balidong boto			42,552,835	94.61%
	Roy Señeres^{[p 1]}	Partido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka (Workers' and Peasants' Party)	25,779	0.06%
Kabuuang bilang ng mga pinawalang bisang boto			2,426,316	5.39%
Votes cast			44,979,151	81.5%
Rehistradong mga botante			55,739,911	100%

↑ Withdrew on February 5, 2016, and died three days later. All of his votes are to be considered as spoiled votes.

Pangalawang Pangulo

Detalye ng halalan ng panglawang pangulo sa lalawigan at lungsod.

e • d
Kandidato		Partido	Boto	%
	Leni Robredo	Liberal Party	14,418,817	35.11%
	Bongbong Marcos	Independent ^{[v 1]}	14,155,344	34.47%
	Alan Peter Cayetano	Independent ^{[v 2]}	5,903,379	14.38%
	Francis Escudero	Independent	4,931,962	12.01%
	Antonio Trillanes	Independent ^{[v 3]}	868,501	2.11%
	Gringo Honasan	United Nationalist Alliance	788,881	1.92%

Total			41,066,884	100%

Valid votes			41,066,884	91.30%
Invalid votes			3,912,267	8.70%
Votes cast			44,979,151	81.5%
Registered voters			55,739,911	100%

↑ Member of Nacionalista Party, which does not field an official candidate; Miriam Defensor Santiago's (PRP) guest candidate for vice president
↑ Member of Nacionalista Party, which does not field an official candidate; Rodrigo Duterte's (PDP–Laban) guest candidate for vice president
↑ Member of Nacionalista Party, which does not field an official candidate; supported by Magdalo and endorsed Grace Poe as President

Hindi opisyal na Resulta

Provincial and city breakdown of presidential race 2016.

2016 Philippine presidential election, COMELEC transparency server
Candidate		Votes
Rodrigo Duterte	PDP-Laban	15,970,018
Mar Roxas	Liberal	9,700,382
Grace Poe	Independent	8,935,733
Jejomar Binay	UNA	5,318,249
Miriam Defensor Santiago	PRP	1,424,520
Roy Señeres	PMM	25,161
Turnout		43,716,817
Registered voters		55,735,757
Clustered precincts reporting		90,635 of 94,276
As of May 18, 2016, 7:45 PM Philippine Standard Time^[39]

Provincial and city breakdown of vice presidential race 2016.

2016 Philippine vice presidential election, COMELEC transparency server
Candidate		Votes
Leni Robredo	Liberal	14,023,093
Bongbong Marcos	Independent	13,803,966
Alan Peter Cayetano	Independent	5,679,102
Francis Escudero	Independent	4,812,375
Antonio Trillanes	Independent	844,157
Gringo Honasan	UNA	760,409
Turnout		43,716,817
Registered voters		55,735,757
Clustered precincts reporting		90,635 of 94,276
As of May 18, 2016, 7:45 PM Philippine Standard Time^[40]

Robredo	Marcos
Cayetano	Escudero

Municipal level breakdown of the presidential race

Municipal level breakdown of the vice presidential race

Botong demograpiko

Pangulo

Demograpiko subgrupo	Duterte	Roxas	Poe	Binay	Defensor Santiago	% of total vote
Total vote	39	24	19	14	3	100
Rehiyon
NCR	44	14	21	14	7	11
Rehiyong I	26	13	34	19	8	5
Rehiyong II	18	12	21	46	3	3
Rehiyong III	34	17	31	15	4	11
Rehiyong IV-A	34	17	28	17	4	13
Rehiyong IV-B	22	35	28	13	1	3
Rehiyong V	14	36	36	12	2	6
Komunidad
Urban	44	28	13	15	44
Rural	39	30	18	13	56
Kasarian
Lalake	39	32	15	14	46
Babae	43	27	17	13	54
Edukasyon
Mataas na paaralan	34	26	22	16	2	-
Kolehiyo	49	20	13	10	7	-
Relihiyon
Romano Katoliko	41	31	16	12	80
Islam	48	12	30	10	5
Iglesia Ni Cristo	85	10	1	4	4
Aglipayan	38	27	22	13	1
Iba	24	34	16	26	10
Ethnic groups
Tagalog	43	34	11	12	35
Cebuano	39	31	14	16	26
Ilocano	28	33	26	13	8

Source: Exit polls conducted by Social Weather Stations^[41]

Pangalawang Pangulo

Sanggunian

↑ "Ang Konstitusyon ng Republika ng Pilipinas, 1987, Artikulo VII§4". GOVPH. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-05-05. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (tulong); Unknown parameter |text= ignored (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Esmaquel, Paterno II (2015-10-16). "'Record-high' 130 bets run for Philippine president" (sa wikang Ingles). Rappler. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Villa, Jet (2016-02-15). "Comelec releases official list of candidates" (sa wikang Ingles). InterAksyon.com. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-04-25. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Gotinga, JC (2015-12-15). "Comelec postpones release of final list of candidates" (sa wikang Ingles). CNN Philippines. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)^{[patay na link]}
↑ Gotinga, JC (2016-02-05). "Señeres withdraws from presidential race" (sa wikang Ingles). CNN Philippines. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-02-06. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Roy Señeres dies of cardiac arrest" (sa wikang Ingles). CNN Philippines. 2016-02-08. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-02-09. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Crisostomo, Sheila (2016-02-16). "Ballot printing starts" (sa wikang Ingles). Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Escarilla, Abbie (2016-02-03). "Comelec panel junks 4 Duterte disqualification cases for lack of merit" (sa wikang Ingles). NewsCentral.PH. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)^{[patay na link]}
↑ Elemia, Camille (2015-12-24). "How Comelec commissioners voted on Grace Poe's case" (sa wikang Ingles). Rappler. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |acceessdate= ignored (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Francisco, Katerina (2016-03-08). "SC stops Comelec from cancelling Poe COC" (sa wikang Ingles). Rappler. Nakuha noong 2016-04-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Supreme Court allows Grace Poe to run for president" (sa wikang Ingles). Rappler. 2016-03-08. Nakuha noong 2016-04-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Bueza, Michael (18 Abril 2016). "43 minutes of TV ads in 2-hour ABS-CBN VP debate". Rappler. Nakuha noong 18 Abril 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^13.0 ^13.1 ^13.2 ^13.3 "Binay leads over Poe, Roxas and Duterte in Presidential race; Escudero and Marcos lead over Robredo and Cayetano in VP race; Sotto, Lacson, Recto and Pangilinan lead Senatorial race". www.sws.org.ph. Nakuha noong 2016-01-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^14.0 ^14.1 "Poe still ahead in tighter race". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Disyembre 21, 2015.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 "Poe keeps lead in Laylo survey". Standard. Pebrero 9, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Abril 27, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 6, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^16.0 ^16.1 "DZRH News – Desisyon 2016: Poe, Chiz tops MBC second wave survey". DZRH. Pebrero 18, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Poe leads, Binay gains in MBC poll". The Manila Times. Pebrero 18, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 4, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 6, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^18.0 ^18.1 De Vera, Ellalyn (2016-03-09). "Pulse Asia survey: Binay, Poe remain the top contenders". Manila Bulletin. Nakuha noong Abril 2, 2016. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Panares, Joyce Pangco (2016-03-07). "Closer than ever". Manila Standard. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-03-07. Nakuha noong 7 Marso 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^20.0 ^20.1 "Poe takes the lead; Robredo closes in". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2017-05-10. Nakuha noong 2016-04-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^21.0 ^21.1 Esguerra, Christian V. (Abril 1, 2016). "Poe regains solo lead in ABS-CBN Pulse Asia survey". ABS-CBN News. Nakuha noong Abril 1, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^22.0 ^22.1 "Duterte surges in Standard poll". Manila Standard. Abril 5, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 8, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 3, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^23.0 ^23.1 "Duterte tops MBC-DZRH latest survey". DZRH. Abril 5, 2016. Nakuha noong Abril 6, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^24.0 ^24.1 "It's still a 4-way fight: Duterte falls, Binay inches up". The Daily Tribune. Abril 23, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Abril 25, 2016. Nakuha noong Abril 23, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^25.0 ^25.1 "Roxas, Poe 'tied' at top spot – D' Strafford poll". Sun Star Cebu. Abril 20, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Abril 21, 2016. Nakuha noong Abril 21, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^26.0 ^26.1 "PULSE ASIA POLL: Duterte, Bongbong pad leads further". News5. Abril 26, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Abril 27, 2016. Nakuha noong Abril 26, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^27.0 ^27.1 "BusinessWorld-SWS April 2016 Survey: Duterte leads despite 'rape' joke; Leni, Bongbong tied in VP". News5. Abril 24, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Abril 25, 2016. Nakuha noong Abril 24, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^28.0 ^28.1 "Duterte, Marcos sustain leads in latest Pulse Asia survey". CNN Philippines. Abril 30, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 2, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 2, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^29.0 ^29.1 "Marcos widens lead in new survey". The Manila Times. Mayo 3, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 4, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 3, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^30.0 ^30.1 "Roxas leads pre-election survey". Manila Bulletin. Mayo 1, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 2, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^31.0 ^31.1 "Amid bank controversy, Duterte keeps survey lead". Rappler. Mayo 3, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 3, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^32.0 ^32.1 "Poe dikit uli kay Digong". Pilipino Star Ngayon. Mayo 6, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 7, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Duterte on top". Manila Standard. Mayo 5, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 5, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 5, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Duterte widens lead in final pre-election SWS survey". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Mayo 6, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 6, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^35.0 ^35.1 "Election 2016: May 2016". D' Strafford. Mayo 7, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 12, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 7, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Panares, Joyce Pangco (2016-03-08). "Chiz still leads VP race; Cayetano fading". Manila Standard. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-03-08. Nakuha noong 8 Marso 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Marcos still up, but Leni rallies". Manila Standard. Mayo 6, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 6, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 6, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Marcos, Robredo in 'statistical tie' in final SWS pre-election poll". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Mayo 6, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 6, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Presidential Race". PPCRV. Mayo 9, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 12, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 19, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Vice Presidential Race". PPCRV. Mayo 9, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 12, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 19, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "SWS EXIT POLL". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 10 Abril 2017. Nakuha noong 20 Mayo 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

Mga kawing panlabas

Official website of the Commission on Elections

[39] Withdrew on February 5, 2016, and died three days later. All of his votes are to be considered as spoiled votes.

[40] Member of Nacionalista Party, which does not field an official candidate; Miriam Defensor Santiago's (PRP) guest candidate for vice president

[41] Member of Nacionalista Party, which does not field an official candidate; Rodrigo Duterte's (PDP–Laban) guest candidate for vice president

[42] Member of Nacionalista Party, which does not field an official candidate; supported by Magdalo and endorsed Grace Poe as President

[1] "Ang Konstitusyon ng Republika ng Pilipinas, 1987, Artikulo VII§4". GOVPH. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-05-05. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (tulong); Unknown parameter |text= ignored (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[2] Esmaquel, Paterno II (2015-10-16). "'Record-high' 130 bets run for Philippine president" (sa wikang Ingles). Rappler. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[InterA1-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Villa, Jet (2016-02-15). "Comelec releases official list of candidates" (sa wikang Ingles). InterAksyon.com. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-04-25. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[4] Gotinga, JC (2015-12-15). "Comelec postpones release of final list of candidates" (sa wikang Ingles). CNN Philippines. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)^{[patay na link]}

[5] Gotinga, JC (2016-02-05). "Señeres withdraws from presidential race" (sa wikang Ingles). CNN Philippines. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-02-06. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[6] "Roy Señeres dies of cardiac arrest" (sa wikang Ingles). CNN Philippines. 2016-02-08. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-02-09. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[7] Crisostomo, Sheila (2016-02-16). "Ballot printing starts" (sa wikang Ingles). Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[8] Escarilla, Abbie (2016-02-03). "Comelec panel junks 4 Duterte disqualification cases for lack of merit" (sa wikang Ingles). NewsCentral.PH. Nakuha noong 2016-04-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)^{[patay na link]}

[9] Elemia, Camille (2015-12-24). "How Comelec commissioners voted on Grace Poe's case" (sa wikang Ingles). Rappler. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |acceessdate= ignored (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[10] Francisco, Katerina (2016-03-08). "SC stops Comelec from cancelling Poe COC" (sa wikang Ingles). Rappler. Nakuha noong 2016-04-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[11] "Supreme Court allows Grace Poe to run for president" (sa wikang Ingles). Rappler. 2016-03-08. Nakuha noong 2016-04-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[12] Bueza, Michael (18 Abril 2016). "43 minutes of TV ads in 2-hour ABS-CBN VP debate". Rappler. Nakuha noong 18 Abril 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[SWS_Feb-13] 13.0 ^13.1 ^13.2 ^13.3 "Binay leads over Poe, Roxas and Duterte in Presidential race; Escudero and Marcos lead over Robredo and Cayetano in VP race; Sotto, Lacson, Recto and Pangilinan lead Senatorial race". www.sws.org.ph. Nakuha noong 2016-01-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Pulse_Feb-14] 14.0 ^14.1 "Poe still ahead in tighter race". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Disyembre 21, 2015.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Standard_Jan-Feb-15] 15.0 ^15.1 "Poe keeps lead in Laylo survey". Standard. Pebrero 9, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Abril 27, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 6, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[DZRH_Feb-16] 16.0 ^16.1 "DZRH News – Desisyon 2016: Poe, Chiz tops MBC second wave survey". DZRH. Pebrero 18, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[DZRH_2.5-17] "Poe leads, Binay gains in MBC poll". The Manila Times. Pebrero 18, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 4, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 6, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Pulse_March_9.1-18] 18.0 ^18.1 De Vera, Ellalyn (2016-03-09). "Pulse Asia survey: Binay, Poe remain the top contenders". Manila Bulletin. Nakuha noong Abril 2, 2016. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[19] Panares, Joyce Pangco (2016-03-07). "Closer than ever". Manila Standard. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-03-07. Nakuha noong 7 Marso 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[SWS_March_2016-20] 20.0 ^20.1 "Poe takes the lead; Robredo closes in". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2017-05-10. Nakuha noong 2016-04-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[PA_1-21] 21.0 ^21.1 Esguerra, Christian V. (Abril 1, 2016). "Poe regains solo lead in ABS-CBN Pulse Asia survey". ABS-CBN News. Nakuha noong Abril 1, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Standard_April-22] 22.0 ^22.1 "Duterte surges in Standard poll". Manila Standard. Abril 5, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 8, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 3, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[DZRH_Survey-23] 23.0 ^23.1 "Duterte tops MBC-DZRH latest survey". DZRH. Abril 5, 2016. Nakuha noong Abril 6, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[The_Center_April_2-24] 24.0 ^24.1 "It's still a 4-way fight: Duterte falls, Binay inches up". The Daily Tribune. Abril 23, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Abril 25, 2016. Nakuha noong Abril 23, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Sun_Star_Cebu-25] 25.0 ^25.1 "Roxas, Poe 'tied' at top spot – D' Strafford poll". Sun Star Cebu. Abril 20, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Abril 21, 2016. Nakuha noong Abril 21, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Dead_Pulse-26] 26.0 ^26.1 "PULSE ASIA POLL: Duterte, Bongbong pad leads further". News5. Abril 26, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Abril 27, 2016. Nakuha noong Abril 26, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[SWS_Late_April-27] 27.0 ^27.1 "BusinessWorld-SWS April 2016 Survey: Duterte leads despite 'rape' joke; Leni, Bongbong tied in VP". News5. Abril 24, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Abril 25, 2016. Nakuha noong Abril 24, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Last_pulse-28] 28.0 ^28.1 "Duterte, Marcos sustain leads in latest Pulse Asia survey". CNN Philippines. Abril 30, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 2, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 2, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Center_April_Last-29] 29.0 ^29.1 "Marcos widens lead in new survey". The Manila Times. Mayo 3, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 4, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 3, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[D'_2-30] 30.0 ^30.1 "Roxas leads pre-election survey". Manila Bulletin. Mayo 1, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 2, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Abias-31] 31.0 ^31.1 "Amid bank controversy, Duterte keeps survey lead". Rappler. Mayo 3, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 3, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Argus-32] 32.0 ^32.1 "Poe dikit uli kay Digong". Pilipino Star Ngayon. Mayo 6, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 7, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Standard_May_Prez-33] "Duterte on top". Manila Standard. Mayo 5, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 5, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 5, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[SWS_May_Prez-34] "Duterte widens lead in final pre-election SWS survey". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Mayo 6, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 6, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[D'_sure-35] 35.0 ^35.1 "Election 2016: May 2016". D' Strafford. Mayo 7, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 12, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 7, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[36] Panares, Joyce Pangco (2016-03-08). "Chiz still leads VP race; Cayetano fading". Manila Standard. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-03-08. Nakuha noong 8 Marso 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Standard_May_Vice-37] "Marcos still up, but Leni rallies". Manila Standard. Mayo 6, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 6, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 6, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[SWS_May_Vice-38] "Marcos, Robredo in 'statistical tie' in final SWS pre-election poll". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Mayo 6, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 6, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (tulong)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[43] "Presidential Race". PPCRV. Mayo 9, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 12, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 19, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[44] "Vice Presidential Race". PPCRV. Mayo 9, 2016. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Mayo 12, 2016. Nakuha noong Mayo 19, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[exit_poll-45] "SWS EXIT POLL". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 10 Abril 2017. Nakuha noong 20 Mayo 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

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