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Origin and distribution of Sporothrix globosa causing sapronoses in Asia

J Med Microbiol. 2017 May;66(5):560-569. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.000451. Epub 2017 May 22.

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the main sources and epidemiological patterns and speculate on the evolutionary origin of Sporothrix globosa in Asia.

Methodology: Case and case series literature on sporotrichosis in Asia from January 2007 onwards were reviewed using meta-analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of relevant S. globosa was carried out on the basis of concatenated sequences of ITS, TEF3 and CAL. A haplotype network of CAL sequences of 281 Sporothrix isolates was analysed to determine the population structure of S. globosa.

Results: Nearly all cases of sporotrichosis caused by S. globosa in Asia were human. In contrast to the remaining pathogenic Sporothrix species, feline transmission was exceptional; nearly all regional cat-associated cases were caused by Sporothrix schenckii. While the latter species was highly variable and showed recombination, S. globosa seemed to be a clonal offshoot, as was Sporothrix brasiliensis. The origin of the segregants was located in an area of high variability in S. schenckii with a relatively high frequency of Asian strains.

Conclusion: In Asia, S. globosa was the prevalent species. The low diversity of S. globosa suggested a recent divergence with a founder effect of low variability from the variable ancestral species, S. schenckii.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Asia / epidemiology
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Calmodulin / genetics
  • Cat Diseases
  • Cats
  • Evolution, Molecular
  • Genetic Variation
  • Humans
  • Phylogeny
  • Sporothrix / genetics*
  • Sporothrix / isolation & purification
  • Sporothrix / pathogenicity
  • Sporothrix / ultrastructure
  • Sporotrichosis / epidemiology*
  • Sporotrichosis / microbiology*
  • Sporotrichosis / transmission
  • Sporotrichosis / veterinary

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Calmodulin