Cancer exosomes perform cell-independent microRNA biogenesis and promote tumorigenesis

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
• ² Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
• ³ Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain.
• ⁴ Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain.
• ⁵ Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, and Department of Medicine, Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging and Photonics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
• ⁶ Division of Gene Regulation, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Doctoral Programme in Biomedicine and Experimental Biology, Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
• ⁷ Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
• ⁸ Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNAs, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
• ⁹ Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
• ¹⁰ Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: rkalluri@mdanderson.org.