The aim of T-cell–based immune therapy for cancer has been to generate durable clinical
benefit for patients. Following a generation of therapies that largely showed minimal activity …

Immune checkpoint blockade with monoclonal antibodies directed at the inhibitory immune
receptors CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 has emerged as a successful treatment approach for …

Background An improvement in overall survival among patients with metastatic melanoma
has been an elusive goal. In this phase 3 study, ipilimumab—which blocks cytotoxic T …

The past decade has revealed that melanoma is comprised of multiple subclasses that can
be categorized on the basis of key features, including the clinical stage of disease, the …

Background Results from phase 2 and 3 trials in patients with advanced melanoma have
shown significant improvements in the proportion of patients achieving an objective …

Background Previously reported results from the phase 3 CheckMate 067 trial showed a
significant improvement in objective responses, progression-free survival, and overall …

A large number of cancer-associated gene products evoke immune recognition, but host
reactions rarely impede disease progression. The weak immunogenicity of nascent tumors …

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) functions as a negative regulator of
endogenous and vaccine-induced antitumor immunity. The administration of fully human …

Background In a phase 1 dose-escalation study, combined inhibition of T-cell checkpoint
pathways by nivolumab and ipilimumab was associated with a high rate of objective …

Purpose We evaluated atypical response patterns and the relationship between overall
survival and best overall response measured per immune-related response criteria (irRC) …