Assessing the International Interlinkages and Dependencies of the EU27 ‘Energy-renewables’ Ecosystem

Francesca Guadagno and Robert Stehrer

No 473, wiiw Research Reports from The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw

Abstract: The energy-renewables ecosystem (ERES) plays a particularly important role in the green transition. This paper analyses its relevance in EU member states and the competitiveness for the EU27 as a whole vis-à-vis other global players and identifies structural dependencies and vulnerabilities. It does so by drawing on the Joint Research Centre’s FIGARO dataset and detailed trade data, and by developing a novel approach that adapts input-output indicators to the analysis of industrial ecosystems. A number of key findings emerge from our analysis. First, the ERES is particularly relevant in new member states, Austria and Germany. At the global level, the EU27 is the second most important exporter after China. Second, in 2020 the EU ecosystem was dependent on imports of coal and lignite from Russia, as well as on a variety of other products from China (including medium- and high-tech electronic products). Third, analysis on the basis of detailed trade data indicates that a few products in the ERES supply chain are delivered by only a handful of countries, which could indicate some vulnerability. Most of the partner countries supply some products that may be characterised as ‘risky’, but China is a main source of such products.

Keywords: green transition; energy-renewables ecosystem; linkages; dependencies; open strategic autonomy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F10 F14 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 55 pages including 13 Tables and 17 Figures
Date: 2024-05
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-cis, nep-cna, nep-eec, nep-ene, nep-env and nep-int
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