TISIDB

Summary
Symbol	DSE
Name	dermatan sulfate epimerase
Aliases	DSEPI; SART2; squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 2; DSEPPI; EDSMC2; SART-2; DS epimerase; ......
Chromosomal Location	6q22
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function [ TOP ]
Subcellular Location	Membrane Multi-pass membrane protein
Domain	PF16332 Domain of unknown function (DUF4962)
Function	Converts D-glucuronic acid to L-iduronic acid (IdoUA) residues.

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0006022 aminoglycan metabolic process GO:0006023 aminoglycan biosynthetic process GO:0006024 glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process GO:0006029 proteoglycan metabolic process GO:0006790 sulfur compound metabolic process GO:0009100 glycoprotein metabolic process GO:0009101 glycoprotein biosynthetic process GO:0015012 heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process GO:0030166 proteoglycan biosynthetic process GO:0030201 heparan sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process GO:0030203 glycosaminoglycan metabolic process GO:0030204 chondroitin sulfate metabolic process GO:0030205 dermatan sulfate metabolic process GO:0030206 chondroitin sulfate biosynthetic process GO:0030208 dermatan sulfate biosynthetic process GO:0044272 sulfur compound biosynthetic process GO:0050650 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process GO:0050651 dermatan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process GO:0050654 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process GO:0050655 dermatan sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process GO:1903510 mucopolysaccharide metabolic process
Molecular Function	GO:0016853 isomerase activity GO:0016854 racemase and epimerase activity GO:0016857 racemase and epimerase activity, acting on carbohydrates and derivatives GO:0047757 chondroitin-glucuronate 5-epimerase activity
Cellular Component	-

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	hsa00532 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - chondroitin sulfate / dermatan sulfate hsa01100 Metabolic pathways
Reactome	R-HSA-1793185: Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate metabolism R-HSA-2022923: Dermatan sulfate biosynthesis R-HSA-1630316: Glycosaminoglycan metabolism R-HSA-1430728: Metabolism R-HSA-71387: Metabolism of carbohydrates

Summary
Symbol	DSE
Name	dermatan sulfate epimerase
Aliases	DSEPI; SART2; squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 2; DSEPPI; EDSMC2; SART-2; DS epimerase; ......
Chromosomal Location	6q22
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Literatures that report relations between DSE and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.

> Text Mining

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Literatures describing the relation between DSE and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.

PMID	Cancer type	Relation to immunity	Evidence sentences
21480325	Hepatocellular Carcinoma	Promote immunity	The TAAs consisting of cyclophilin B, squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells (SART) 2, SART3, p53, multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) 3, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) were frequently recognized by T cells and these TAA-derived peptides were capable of generating peptide-specific CTLs in HCC patients, which suggested that these TAAs are immunogenic. Cyclophilin B, SART2, SART3, p53, MRP3, AFP, and hTERT were immunogenic targets for HCC immunotherapy.

Summary
Symbol	DSE
Name	dermatan sulfate epimerase
Aliases	DSEPI; SART2; squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 2; DSEPPI; EDSMC2; SART-2; DS epimerase; ......
Chromosomal Location	6q22
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.

> High-throughput Screening

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Statistical results of DSE in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.

PMID	Screening System	Cancer Type	Cell Line	Data Set	Statistical Results	Relation to immunity
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	Pmel-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	OT-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
28783722	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	Mel624	2CT-CRISPR	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX+Anti-PD1	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX	NA/NS	NA/NS
25691366	RNAi	Breast cancer	MCF7	Luc-CTL assay	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Primary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Secondary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS

Summary
Symbol	DSE
Name	dermatan sulfate epimerase
Aliases	DSEPI; SART2; squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 2; DSEPPI; EDSMC2; SART-2; DS epimerase; ......
Chromosomal Location	6q22
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

> Expression difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of DSE in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Log2 (Fold Change)	P value
1	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	14	12	-0.269	0.562
2	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	6	5	-0.604	0.658
3	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	7	-0.016	0.987
4	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	-0.271	0.453
5	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	-0.41	0.853
6	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	-0.089	0.976
7	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	26	23	0.006	0.989
8	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	15	11	0.047	0.974
9	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	12	-0.071	0.966
10	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	4	8	0.549	0.652
11	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	0	0	1
12	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	8	1.191	0.512
13	29443960	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	68	230	-0.277	0.0454

> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of DSE in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	% Mut/Res	% Mut/NRes	% Diff (R vs NR)	Pval
1	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	14	17	0	5.9	-5.9	1
2	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	10	3	0	33.3	-33.3	0.231
3	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	non-smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	4	14	0	0	0	1
4	26359337	Melanoma	all	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	73	7.4	4.1	3.3	0.61
5	26359337	Melanoma	BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	0	14	0	0	0	1
6	26359337	Melanoma	non-BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	59	7.4	5.1	2.3	0.647
7	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	21	17	0	0	0	1
8	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	6	0	0	0	1
9	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	13	11	0	0	0	1
10	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	0	6.2	-6.2	1
11	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0	0	0	1
12	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	0	14.3	-14.3	1
13	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	38	27	10.5	7.4	3.1	1
14	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	22	13	18.2	0	18.2	0.274
15	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	16	14	0	14.3	-14.3	0.209
16	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	13	0	0	0	1
17	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	6	1	0	0	0	1
18	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	5	12	0	0	0	1

Summary
Symbol	DSE
Name	dermatan sulfate epimerase
Aliases	DSEPI; SART2; squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 2; DSEPPI; EDSMC2; SART-2; DS epimerase; ......
Chromosomal Location	6q22
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of DSE. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.

> Lymphocyte [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	DSE
Name	dermatan sulfate epimerase
Aliases	DSEPI; SART2; squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 2; DSEPPI; EDSMC2; SART-2; DS epimerase; ......
Chromosomal Location	6q22
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of DSE. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by DSE. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule

> Immunoinhibitor [ TOP ]

> Immunostimulator [ TOP ]

> MHC molecule [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	DSE
Name	dermatan sulfate epimerase
Aliases	DSEPI; SART2; squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 2; DSEPPI; EDSMC2; SART-2; DS epimerase; ......
Chromosomal Location	6q22
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of DSE. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor

> Chemokine [ TOP ]

> Receptor [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	DSE
Name	dermatan sulfate epimerase
Aliases	DSEPI; SART2; squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 2; DSEPPI; EDSMC2; SART-2; DS epimerase; ......
Chromosomal Location	6q22
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Distribution of DSE expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype

> Immune subtype [ TOP ]

> Molecular subtype [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	DSE
Name	dermatan sulfate epimerase
Aliases	DSEPI; SART2; squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 2; DSEPPI; EDSMC2; SART-2; DS epimerase; ......
Chromosomal Location	6q22
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Associations between DSE and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade

> Overall survival [ TOP ]

> Stage [ TOP ]

> Grade [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	DSE
Name	dermatan sulfate epimerase
Aliases	DSEPI; SART2; squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 2; DSEPPI; EDSMC2; SART-2; DS epimerase; ......
Chromosomal Location	6q22
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Drugs targeting DSE collected from DrugBank database.

> Drugs from DrugBank database [ TOP ]
There is no record.

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