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Browse CD44

Summary
SymbolCD44
NameCD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Aliases IN; MC56; Pgp1; CD44R; HCELL; CSPG8; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand; chondroitin sulfate proteo ......
Chromosomal Location11p13
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Basic function annotation.
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
> Gene Ontology
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
 
Subcellular Location Cell membrane Single-pass type I membrane protein Cell projection, microvillus Note=Colocalizes with actin in membrane protrusions at wounding edges. Co-localizes with RDX, EZR and MSN in microvilli.
Domain PF00193 Extracellular link domain
Function

Receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA). Mediates cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions through its affinity for HA, and possibly also through its affinity for other ligands such as osteopontin, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Adhesion with HA plays an important role in cell migration, tumor growth and progression. In cancer cells, may play an important role in invadopodia formation. Also involved in lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, and in hematopoiesis. Altered expression or dysfunction causes numerous pathogenic phenotypes. Great protein heterogeneity due to numerous alternative splicing and post-translational modification events. Receptor for LGALS9; the interaction enhances binding of SMAD3 to the FOXP3 promoter, leading to up-regulation of FOXP3 expression and increased induced regulatory T (iTreg) cell stability and suppressive function (By similarity).

> Gene Ontology
 
Biological Process GO:0001501 skeletal system development
GO:0006022 aminoglycan metabolic process
GO:0006026 aminoglycan catabolic process
GO:0006027 glycosaminoglycan catabolic process
GO:0007159 leukocyte cell-cell adhesion
GO:0007160 cell-matrix adhesion
GO:0008630 intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage
GO:0010466 negative regulation of peptidase activity
GO:0010951 negative regulation of endopeptidase activity
GO:0018105 peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
GO:0018108 peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
GO:0018209 peptidyl-serine modification
GO:0018212 peptidyl-tyrosine modification
GO:0022407 regulation of cell-cell adhesion
GO:0022409 positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion
GO:0022617 extracellular matrix disassembly
GO:0030198 extracellular matrix organization
GO:0030203 glycosaminoglycan metabolic process
GO:0030212 hyaluronan metabolic process
GO:0030214 hyaluronan catabolic process
GO:0030330 DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator
GO:0031589 cell-substrate adhesion
GO:0033135 regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
GO:0033138 positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
GO:0034113 heterotypic cell-cell adhesion
GO:0034114 regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion
GO:0034116 positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion
GO:0034341 response to interferon-gamma
GO:0042770 signal transduction in response to DNA damage
GO:0042771 intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator
GO:0043062 extracellular structure organization
GO:0043154 negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO:0043281 regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO:0043410 positive regulation of MAPK cascade
GO:0043516 regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator
GO:0043518 negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator
GO:0044344 cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus
GO:0045785 positive regulation of cell adhesion
GO:0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis
GO:0050730 regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
GO:0050731 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
GO:0050900 leukocyte migration
GO:0051216 cartilage development
GO:0051346 negative regulation of hydrolase activity
GO:0052547 regulation of peptidase activity
GO:0052548 regulation of endopeptidase activity
GO:0060333 interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0061448 connective tissue development
GO:0070371 ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO:0070372 regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO:0070374 positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO:0070486 leukocyte aggregation
GO:0070487 monocyte aggregation
GO:0071346 cellular response to interferon-gamma
GO:0071774 response to fibroblast growth factor
GO:0072331 signal transduction by p53 class mediator
GO:0072332 intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator
GO:0097193 intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:1900623 regulation of monocyte aggregation
GO:1900625 positive regulation of monocyte aggregation
GO:1901136 carbohydrate derivative catabolic process
GO:1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process
GO:1901796 regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator
GO:1901797 negative regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator
GO:1902165 regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator
GO:1902166 negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator
GO:1902229 regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage
GO:1902230 negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage
GO:1902253 regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator
GO:1902254 negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator
GO:1902532 negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction
GO:1903037 regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion
GO:1903039 positive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion
GO:1903510 mucopolysaccharide metabolic process
GO:2000116 regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity
GO:2000117 negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity
GO:2001020 regulation of response to DNA damage stimulus
GO:2001021 negative regulation of response to DNA damage stimulus
GO:2001233 regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:2001234 negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:2001242 regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:2001243 negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
Molecular Function GO:0004896 cytokine receptor activity
GO:0005518 collagen binding
GO:0005539 glycosaminoglycan binding
GO:0005540 hyaluronic acid binding
Cellular Component GO:0005924 cell-substrate adherens junction
GO:0005925 focal adhesion
GO:0030055 cell-substrate junction
GO:0035692 macrophage migration inhibitory factor receptor complex
GO:0043235 receptor complex
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
 
KEGG hsa04512 ECM-receptor interaction
hsa04640 Hematopoietic cell lineage
Reactome R-HSA-202733: Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall
R-HSA-1280215: Cytokine Signaling in Immune system
R-HSA-1474228: Degradation of the extracellular matrix
R-HSA-1474244: Extracellular matrix organization
R-HSA-74160: Gene Expression
R-HSA-1630316: Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
R-HSA-109582: Hemostasis
R-HSA-2142845: Hyaluronan metabolism
R-HSA-2160916: Hyaluronan uptake and degradation
R-HSA-168256: Immune System
R-HSA-168249: Innate Immune System
R-HSA-428359: Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 mRNA Binding Proteins (IGF2BPs/IMPs/VICKZs) bind RNA
R-HSA-216083: Integrin cell surface interactions
R-HSA-913531: Interferon Signaling
R-HSA-877300: Interferon gamma signaling
R-HSA-1430728: Metabolism
R-HSA-71387: Metabolism of carbohydrates
R-HSA-6798695: Neutrophil degranulation
Summary
SymbolCD44
NameCD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Aliases IN; MC56; Pgp1; CD44R; HCELL; CSPG8; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand; chondroitin sulfate proteo ......
Chromosomal Location11p13
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Literatures that report relations between CD44 and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.
> Text Mining
 
  Literatures describing the relation between CD44 and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.
PMID Cancer type Relation to immunity Evidence sentences
23665041Hepatocellular CarcinomaInhibit immunity (T cell function)Such CD14(+)HLA-DR(-/low) monocyte-derived MDSCs suppressed T-cell proliferation in an arginase-1 dependent fashion. HSC-induced development of CD14(+)HLA-DR(-/low) monocyte-derived MDSCs was not mediated by soluble factors, but required physical interaction and was abrogated by blocking CD44. Thus, our data suggest that local generation of MDSCs by liver-resident HSCs may contribute to immune suppression during inflammation and cancer in the liver.
24935458leukemiaInhibit immunity (infiltration)Blockade of CD44 is considered a therapeutic option for the elimination of leukemia-initiating cells.
Summary
SymbolCD44
NameCD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Aliases IN; MC56; Pgp1; CD44R; HCELL; CSPG8; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand; chondroitin sulfate proteo ......
Chromosomal Location11p13
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.
> High-throughput Screening
  Statistical results of CD44 in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.
PMID Screening System Cancer Type Cell Line Data Set Statistical Results Relation to immunity
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10Pmel-1 T cell logFC: -2.15; FDR: 0.04170 Resistant to T cell-mediated killing
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10OT-1 T cell NA/NS NA/NS
28783722CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaMel6242CT-CRISPR NA/NS NA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX+Anti-PD1 NA/NS NA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX NA/NS NA/NS
25691366RNAiBreast cancerMCF7Luc-CTL assay NA/NS NA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Primary screen NA/NS NA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Secondary screen NA/NS NA/NS
Summary
SymbolCD44
NameCD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Aliases IN; MC56; Pgp1; CD44R; HCELL; CSPG8; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand; chondroitin sulfate proteo ......
Chromosomal Location11p13
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets.
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of CD44 in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes Log2 (Fold Change) P value Anno
126997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)14120.4060.282
226997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)650.60.867
326997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)870.2710.914
428552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 916-0.5170.223
528552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 59-0.8770.725
628552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 47-0.0560.987
729033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 2623-0.2350.712
829033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 15110.0380.989
929033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 1112-0.6070.845
1029301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 480.1710.937
1129301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 2001
1229301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 280.4020.902
1329443960Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 68230-0.3590.0393
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of CD44 in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes % Mut/Res % Mut/NRes % Diff (R vs NR) Pval Anno
125765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)allAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 14170001
225765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 1030001
325765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)non-smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 4140001
426359337MelanomaallAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 277311.1011.10.0181
526359337MelanomaBRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 0140001
626359337Melanomanon-BRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 275911.1011.10.0286
726997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)21174.85.9-1.11
826997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)860001
926997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)13117.79.1-1.41
1028552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 9160001
1128552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 590001
1228552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 470001
1329033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 38277.907.90.26
1429033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 22139.109.10.519
1529033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 16146.206.21
1629301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 11130001
1729301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 610001
1829301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 5120001
Summary
SymbolCD44
NameCD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Aliases IN; MC56; Pgp1; CD44R; HCELL; CSPG8; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand; chondroitin sulfate proteo ......
Chromosomal Location11p13
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of CD44. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.
> Lymphocyte
 
Summary
SymbolCD44
NameCD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Aliases IN; MC56; Pgp1; CD44R; HCELL; CSPG8; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand; chondroitin sulfate proteo ......
Chromosomal Location11p13
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of CD44. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by CD44.
> Immunoinhibitor
> Immunostimulator
> MHC molecule
> Immunoinhibitor
 
> Immunostimulator
 
> MHC molecule
 
Summary
SymbolCD44
NameCD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Aliases IN; MC56; Pgp1; CD44R; HCELL; CSPG8; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand; chondroitin sulfate proteo ......
Chromosomal Location11p13
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of CD44. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene.
> Chemokine
> Receptor
> Chemokine
 
> Receptor
 
Summary
SymbolCD44
NameCD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Aliases IN; MC56; Pgp1; CD44R; HCELL; CSPG8; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand; chondroitin sulfate proteo ......
Chromosomal Location11p13
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Distribution of CD44 expression across immune and molecular subtypes.
> Immune subtype
> Molecular subtype
> Immune subtype
 
> Molecular subtype
 
Summary
SymbolCD44
NameCD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Aliases IN; MC56; Pgp1; CD44R; HCELL; CSPG8; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand; chondroitin sulfate proteo ......
Chromosomal Location11p13
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Associations between CD44 and clinical features.
> Overall survival analysis
> Cancer stage
> Tumor grade
> Overall survival
 
> Stage
 
> Grade
 
Summary
SymbolCD44
NameCD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Aliases IN; MC56; Pgp1; CD44R; HCELL; CSPG8; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand; chondroitin sulfate proteo ......
Chromosomal Location11p13
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Drugs targeting CD44 collected from DrugBank database.
> Drugs from DrugBank database
 

  Details on drugs targeting CD44.
ID Name Drug Type Targets #Targets
DB06550BivatuzumabBiotechCD441
DB08818Hyaluronic acidSmall MoleculeC1QBP, CD44, HABP2, HABP4, HAPLN1, HAPLN3, HAPLN4, HMMR, ICAM1, IM ......15